Der thermischen Nutzung fester biogener Brennstoffe kommt heutzutage eine wesentliche Bedeutung für die Bereitstellung von Energie zu. Weiters werden Abfallstoffe (zB Kunststoffe) zunehmend thermisch entsorgt bzw. genutzt, nicht zuletzt wegen der neuen Deponieverordnung in Österreich. Daher ist es von entscheidender Bedeutung diese Anlagen möglichst effizient und umweltfreundlich zu betreiben. Einerseits wird dadurch ein möglichst hoher Energiegewinn erzielt, andererseits eine möglichst geringe Umweltbelastung durch die entstehenden Abgase angestrebt. Die Kenntnis über den Ort der Energiefreisetzung und den Sauerstoffbedarf abhängig vom Pyrolysefortschritt bzw. vom Ort sind daher von großer Bedeutung. Die Pyrolyse spielt bei jeder thermischen Umwandlung fester Brennstoffe eine entscheidende Rolle, insbesondere bei Biomasse, da Biomasse einen hohen Anteil an Flüchtigen (zum Beispiel Fichte mit ca.85 Prozent Flüchtige, davon ca. 70 Prozent Teere) aufweist, welche bei der Pyrolyse freigesetzt werden und daher den Verbrennungsablauf besonders beeinflussen. Da der Heizwert von Flüchtigen (inklusive Teer) und der Sauerstoffbedarf derselbigen von Bedeutung für die Prozessführung von Vergasungs- und Verbrennungsanlagen sind, sollen diese Parameter eingehender untersucht werden. In Vorprojekten wurde bereits auf den Einfluss von zum Beispiel Partikelgröße und Feuchtegrad von Biomasse auf die Flüchtigenausbeute bei der Pyrolyse eingegangen. In der Praxis bereiten vor allem die Teere immer wieder Probleme und sollen daher in dieser Arbeit eingehender untersucht werden. Die Untersuchung ihrer Zusammensetzung ist auf Grund der komplexen chemischen Struktur sehr aufwendig und teuer. Die in diesem Projekt vorgestellte, neu konzipierte Versuchsanlage, welche eine Kombination einer thermogravimetrischen Apparatur und eines differentiellen Durchfluss-Kalorimeters darstellt, ermöglicht es den Heizwert und den Sauerstoffbedarf der Teere und der Flüchtigen zu untersuchen, ohne deren Zusammensetzung analysieren zu müssen. Dadurch wird eine einfache, rasche und kostengünstige Möglichkeit geschaffen, den Heizwert der Flüchtigen und des Teers abhängig von der Zeit bzw. des Umwandlungsfortschritts experimentell zu ermitteln und somit auch Rückschlüsse auf die Crackreaktionen ermöglicht. usw.
This dataset comprises hydrochemical and soil data collected along the first 1.3 km downstream of the White Main spring in northern Bavaria, Germany, from March 2023 to April 2024. Stream water samples were analyzed for in-situ parameters (discharge, water temperature [°C], pH [-], redox potential [mV], electrical conductivity [µS/cm], Table Y1), and laboratory-measured parameters, including major ions and trace metals [mmol/L] (Table Y3), alkalinity [mmol/L], , dissolved inorganic and organic carbon (DIC, DOC [mmol/L]) and their stable isotope ratios (δ13CDIC/DOC ‰-VPDB). In addition, calculated partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2, [µatm]) and carbon dioxide fluxes (FCO2, [mmol/m2 d]), are provided for the stream water samples (Table Y2). The dataset also contains laboratory measurements related to soil-derived natural organic matter from acid and base soil extracts, including zeta potential ([mV], Table X1), particle size distribution ([%], Table X2), ultraviolet-visible absorbance (UV-VIS, Table X3), and fluorescence measurements (Table X4). UV-VIS (Table X5) and fluorescence measurements (Table X6) were additionally done for stream water samples. The datasets were collected to characterize hydrochemistry, carbon concentrations, carbon dioxide dynamics, and soil-derived organic matter properties in a granitic headwater stream and to provide a basis for reuse in studies of headwater biogeochemistry, carbon cycling, and soil-water interactions.
This dataset comprises hydrochemical and soil data collected along the first 1.3 km downstream of the White Main spring in northern Bavaria, Germany, from March 2023 to April 2024. Stream water samples were analyzed for in-situ parameters (discharge, water temperature [°C], pH [-], redox potential [mV], electrical conductivity [µS/cm], Table Y1), and laboratory-measured parameters, including major ions and trace metals [mmol/L] (Table Y3), alkalinity [mmol/L], , dissolved inorganic and organic carbon (DIC, DOC [mmol/L]) and their stable isotope ratios (δ13CDIC/DOC ‰-VPDB). In addition, calculated partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2, [µatm]) and carbon dioxide fluxes (FCO2, [mmol/m2 d]), are provided for the stream water samples (Table Y2). The dataset also contains laboratory measurements related to soil-derived natural organic matter from acid and base soil extracts, including zeta potential ([mV], Table X1), particle size distribution ([%], Table X2), ultraviolet-visible absorbance (UV-VIS, Table X3), and fluorescence measurements (Table X4). UV-VIS (Table X5) and fluorescence measurements (Table X6) were additionally done for stream water samples. The datasets were collected to characterize hydrochemistry, carbon concentrations, carbon dioxide dynamics, and soil-derived organic matter properties in a granitic headwater stream and to provide a basis for reuse in studies of headwater biogeochemistry, carbon cycling, and soil-water interactions.
This dataset comprises hydrochemical and soil data collected along the first 1.3 km downstream of the White Main spring in northern Bavaria, Germany, from March 2023 to April 2024. Stream water samples were analyzed for in-situ parameters (discharge, water temperature [°C], pH [-], redox potential [mV], electrical conductivity [µS/cm], Table Y1), and laboratory-measured parameters, including major ions and trace metals [mmol/L] (Table Y3), alkalinity [mmol/L], , dissolved inorganic and organic carbon (DIC, DOC [mmol/L]) and their stable isotope ratios (δ13CDIC/DOC ‰-VPDB). In addition, calculated partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2, [µatm]) and carbon dioxide fluxes (FCO2, [mmol/m2 d]), are provided for the stream water samples (Table Y2). The dataset also contains laboratory measurements related to soil-derived natural organic matter from acid and base soil extracts, including zeta potential ([mV], Table X1), particle size distribution ([%], Table X2), ultraviolet-visible absorbance (UV-VIS, Table X3), and fluorescence measurements (Table X4). UV-VIS (Table X5) and fluorescence measurements (Table X6) were additionally done for stream water samples. The datasets were collected to characterize hydrochemistry, carbon concentrations, carbon dioxide dynamics, and soil-derived organic matter properties in a granitic headwater stream and to provide a basis for reuse in studies of headwater biogeochemistry, carbon cycling, and soil-water interactions.
This dataset comprises hydrochemical and soil data collected along the first 1.3 km downstream of the White Main spring in northern Bavaria, Germany, from March 2023 to April 2024. Stream water samples were analyzed for in-situ parameters (discharge, water temperature [°C], pH [-], redox potential [mV], electrical conductivity [µS/cm], Table Y1), and laboratory-measured parameters, including major ions and trace metals [mmol/L] (Table Y3), alkalinity [mmol/L], , dissolved inorganic and organic carbon (DIC, DOC [mmol/L]) and their stable isotope ratios (δ13CDIC/DOC ‰-VPDB). In addition, calculated partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2, [µatm]) and carbon dioxide fluxes (FCO2, [mmol/m2 d]), are provided for the stream water samples (Table Y2). The dataset also contains laboratory measurements related to soil-derived natural organic matter from acid and base soil extracts, including zeta potential ([mV], Table X1), particle size distribution ([%], Table X2), ultraviolet-visible absorbance (UV-VIS, Table X3), and fluorescence measurements (Table X4). UV-VIS (Table X5) and fluorescence measurements (Table X6) were additionally done for stream water samples. The datasets were collected to characterize hydrochemistry, carbon concentrations, carbon dioxide dynamics, and soil-derived organic matter properties in a granitic headwater stream and to provide a basis for reuse in studies of headwater biogeochemistry, carbon cycling, and soil-water interactions.
This dataset comprises hydrochemical and soil data collected along the first 1.3 km downstream of the White Main spring in northern Bavaria, Germany, from March 2023 to April 2024. Stream water samples were analyzed for in-situ parameters (discharge, water temperature [°C], pH [-], redox potential [mV], electrical conductivity [µS/cm], Table Y1), and laboratory-measured parameters, including major ions and trace metals [mmol/L] (Table Y3), alkalinity [mmol/L], , dissolved inorganic and organic carbon (DIC, DOC [mmol/L]) and their stable isotope ratios (δ13CDIC/DOC ‰-VPDB). In addition, calculated partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2, [µatm]) and carbon dioxide fluxes (FCO2, [mmol/m2 d]), are provided for the stream water samples (Table Y2). The dataset also contains laboratory measurements related to soil-derived natural organic matter from acid and base soil extracts, including zeta potential ([mV], Table X1), particle size distribution ([%], Table X2), ultraviolet-visible absorbance (UV-VIS, Table X3), and fluorescence measurements (Table X4). UV-VIS (Table X5) and fluorescence measurements (Table X6) were additionally done for stream water samples. The datasets were collected to characterize hydrochemistry, carbon concentrations, carbon dioxide dynamics, and soil-derived organic matter properties in a granitic headwater stream and to provide a basis for reuse in studies of headwater biogeochemistry, carbon cycling, and soil-water interactions.
This dataset comprises hydrochemical and soil data collected along the first 1.3 km downstream of the White Main spring in northern Bavaria, Germany, from March 2023 to April 2024. Stream water samples were analyzed for in-situ parameters (discharge, water temperature [°C], pH [-], redox potential [mV], electrical conductivity [µS/cm], Table Y1), and laboratory-measured parameters, including major ions and trace metals [mmol/L] (Table Y3), alkalinity [mmol/L], , dissolved inorganic and organic carbon (DIC, DOC [mmol/L]) and their stable isotope ratios (δ13CDIC/DOC ‰-VPDB). In addition, calculated partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2, [µatm]) and carbon dioxide fluxes (FCO2, [mmol/m2 d]), are provided for the stream water samples (Table Y2). The dataset also contains laboratory measurements related to soil-derived natural organic matter from acid and base soil extracts, including zeta potential ([mV], Table X1), particle size distribution ([%], Table X2), ultraviolet-visible absorbance (UV-VIS, Table X3), and fluorescence measurements (Table X4). UV-VIS (Table X5) and fluorescence measurements (Table X6) were additionally done for stream water samples. The datasets were collected to characterize hydrochemistry, carbon concentrations, carbon dioxide dynamics, and soil-derived organic matter properties in a granitic headwater stream and to provide a basis for reuse in studies of headwater biogeochemistry, carbon cycling, and soil-water interactions.
This dataset comprises hydrochemical and soil data collected along the first 1.3 km downstream of the White Main spring in northern Bavaria, Germany, from March 2023 to April 2024. Stream water samples were analyzed for in-situ parameters (discharge, water temperature [°C], pH [-], redox potential [mV], electrical conductivity [µS/cm], Table Y1), and laboratory-measured parameters, including major ions and trace metals [mmol/L] (Table Y3), alkalinity [mmol/L], , dissolved inorganic and organic carbon (DIC, DOC [mmol/L]) and their stable isotope ratios (δ13CDIC/DOC ‰-VPDB). In addition, calculated partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2, [µatm]) and carbon dioxide fluxes (FCO2, [mmol/m2 d]), are provided for the stream water samples (Table Y2). The dataset also contains laboratory measurements related to soil-derived natural organic matter from acid and base soil extracts, including zeta potential ([mV], Table X1), particle size distribution ([%], Table X2), ultraviolet-visible absorbance (UV-VIS, Table X3), and fluorescence measurements (Table X4). UV-VIS (Table X5) and fluorescence measurements (Table X6) were additionally done for stream water samples. The datasets were collected to characterize hydrochemistry, carbon concentrations, carbon dioxide dynamics, and soil-derived organic matter properties in a granitic headwater stream and to provide a basis for reuse in studies of headwater biogeochemistry, carbon cycling, and soil-water interactions.
Sediment were sampled on expedition HE625 of the R/V Heincke in July 2023 at 50 stations spread evenly over the muddy sediment region in southeast of the island of Helgoland (southeastern North Sea). At each station, two replicate samples were taken with a van Veen grab with a sampling area of 0.1 m² and a penetration depth of 10 cm. A subsample of the upper 6 cm of sediment was taken using a coring tube from the second grab with a diameter of 4.5 cm. The grain-size distribution was determined based on laser-diffraction granulometry using a CILAS 1180L particle size analyzer. Another sub-sample of 40 g of sediment were dried, weighed, and incinerated at 500 °C for five hours to estimate the organic content (%) as weight loss on combustion. Sediment variables included organic carbon content (OC), sediment composition (percentages of sand, silt, and clay), grain size (d10, d50, d90), and statistical measures of sediment grain size distribution (skewness, sorting, kurtosis).
The continuous agricultural soil monitoring program (BDF) by the Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture, and Geology (LfULG) is operational since 1995, collecting and analysing samples periodically from 60 monitoring sites across Saxony, Germany. This dataset contains additional soil physical data for 441 samples collected during a sampling campaign in September 2023. Samples were collected from four sites across Saxony using different sampling devices (split spoon push core, steel syringe, sampling spade, soil rings) to evaluate their suitability for true-to-volume sampling. Total bulk density, fine soil bulk density and the fine soil stock were calculated using both air-dry and oven-dry weights. Particle size distribution was determined by wet sieving and the integral suspension pressure method (ISP+) using the Meter Pario+ system. This dataset is part of a mid-infrared soil spectral library for agricultural soils in Saxony, Germany.
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