Sediment were sampled on expedition HE625 of the R/V Heincke in July 2023 at 50 stations spread evenly over the muddy sediment region in southeast of the island of Helgoland (southeastern North Sea). At each station, two replicate samples were taken with a van Veen grab with a sampling area of 0.1 m² and a penetration depth of 10 cm. A subsample of the upper 6 cm of sediment was taken using a coring tube from the second grab with a diameter of 4.5 cm. The grain-size distribution was determined based on laser-diffraction granulometry using a CILAS 1180L particle size analyzer. Another sub-sample of 40 g of sediment were dried, weighed, and incinerated at 500 °C for five hours to estimate the organic content (%) as weight loss on combustion. Sediment variables included organic carbon content (OC), sediment composition (percentages of sand, silt, and clay), grain size (d10, d50, d90), and statistical measures of sediment grain size distribution (skewness, sorting, kurtosis).
Aerosolpartikel spielen eine wichtige Rolle für das regionale und globale Klima. Weltweit gibt es deshalb zahlreiche Messstationen, von denen allerdings nur ein kleiner Teil die marine Grenzschicht (MBL) erfasst, obwohl etwa 70% der Erdoberfläche mit Wasser bedeckt sind. Dieses Projekt soll dazu beitragen, das Wissen über Quellen und Austauschprozesse von Aerosolpartikeln in der MBL mithilfe einer Messkampagne über den Azoren im Nordostatlantik, welche nahezu unbeeinflusst von lokalen Quellen sind, zu verbessern.Die zentrale Hypothese ist, dass sowohl Ferntransport aus Nordamerika, als auch Partikelneubildung in der freien Troposphäre (FT) und an Wolkenrändern mit anschließendem Vertikaltransport wesentlich zur Anzahlkonzentration der Aerosolpartikel in der MBL beitragen. Das Verständnis der Partikelquellen und Senken zusammen mit dem vertikalen Partikelaustausch zwischen MBL und FT ist daher eine Grundvoraussetzung für die Vorhersagbarkeit der Partikelanzahlkonzentration in den unteren Schichten der MBL wo sie z.B. für die Wolkenbildung von großer Bedeutung ist. Diese Prozesse sind bisher über dem offenen Ozean nur unzureichend quantifiziert. Zur Verifizierung der Hypothese sollen vertikale Austauschprozesse und Partikelquellen über den Azoren mit hoher räumlicher Auflösung untersucht werden. Dazu werden mit einer am TROPOS entwickelten hubschraubergetragenen Messplattform Partikelanzahlkonzentration und Vertikalwind mit einer zeitlichen Auflösung gemessen, die erstmalig eine direkte Bestimmung des vertikalen turbulenten Partikelflusses in verschiedenen Höhen ermöglicht. Die hierfür notwendigen schnellen Partikelmessungen von mind. 10 Hz werden durch den Einsatz eines schnellen Partikelzählers ermöglicht, welcher am TROPOS im Rahmen eines abgeschlossenen DFG-Projektes entwickelt und erfolgreich eingesetzt wurde. Durch dieses Gerät ist es ebenfalls möglich zu prüfen, ob auch in dieser Region regelmäßig die Neubildung von Aerosolpartikeln an Wolkenrändern stattfindet, wie es an Passatwolken auf Skalen von wenigen Dekametern beobachtet wurde. Weiterhin werden Anzahlgrößenverteilungen von Aerosolpartikeln sowie Absorptionskoeffizienten bei drei Wellenlängen bestimmt. Damit sind Rückschlüsse auf die Herkunft der untersuchten Aerosolpartikel möglich.Da die Hubschrauberflüge zeitlich begrenzt sind und damit nur Momentaufnahmen darstellen, werden zusätzlich kontinuierliche Messungen der Partikelanzahlgrößenverteilung an zwei bodengebundenen Stationen installiert. Eine dieser Stationen ist wenige Meter über Meeresniveau gelegen, die andere auf 2200 m und somit in der FT. Damit wird auf der Basis kontinuierlicher Messungen über einen Zeitraum von einem Monat die Untersuchung der Austauschprozesse zwischen MBL und FT ermöglicht. Mit Hilfe der gewonnen Datensätze können Einflüsse globaler Klimaänderungen auf das lokale Klima und mögliche Rückkopplungseffekte über den Einfluss von Aerosol auf Wolken in dieser Region besser eingeordnet werden.
This dataset comprises hydrochemical and soil data collected along the first 1.3 km downstream of the White Main spring in northern Bavaria, Germany, from March 2023 to April 2024. Stream water samples were analyzed for in-situ parameters (discharge, water temperature [°C], pH [-], redox potential [mV], electrical conductivity [µS/cm], Table Y1), and laboratory-measured parameters, including major ions and trace metals [mmol/L] (Table Y3), alkalinity [mmol/L], , dissolved inorganic and organic carbon (DIC, DOC [mmol/L]) and their stable isotope ratios (δ13CDIC/DOC ‰-VPDB). In addition, calculated partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2, [µatm]) and carbon dioxide fluxes (FCO2, [mmol/m2 d]), are provided for the stream water samples (Table Y2). The dataset also contains laboratory measurements related to soil-derived natural organic matter from acid and base soil extracts, including zeta potential ([mV], Table X1), particle size distribution ([%], Table X2), ultraviolet-visible absorbance (UV-VIS, Table X3), and fluorescence measurements (Table X4). UV-VIS (Table X5) and fluorescence measurements (Table X6) were additionally done for stream water samples. The datasets were collected to characterize hydrochemistry, carbon concentrations, carbon dioxide dynamics, and soil-derived organic matter properties in a granitic headwater stream and to provide a basis for reuse in studies of headwater biogeochemistry, carbon cycling, and soil-water interactions.
This dataset comprises hydrochemical and soil data collected along the first 1.3 km downstream of the White Main spring in northern Bavaria, Germany, from March 2023 to April 2024. Stream water samples were analyzed for in-situ parameters (discharge, water temperature [°C], pH [-], redox potential [mV], electrical conductivity [µS/cm], Table Y1), and laboratory-measured parameters, including major ions and trace metals [mmol/L] (Table Y3), alkalinity [mmol/L], , dissolved inorganic and organic carbon (DIC, DOC [mmol/L]) and their stable isotope ratios (δ13CDIC/DOC ‰-VPDB). In addition, calculated partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2, [µatm]) and carbon dioxide fluxes (FCO2, [mmol/m2 d]), are provided for the stream water samples (Table Y2). The dataset also contains laboratory measurements related to soil-derived natural organic matter from acid and base soil extracts, including zeta potential ([mV], Table X1), particle size distribution ([%], Table X2), ultraviolet-visible absorbance (UV-VIS, Table X3), and fluorescence measurements (Table X4). UV-VIS (Table X5) and fluorescence measurements (Table X6) were additionally done for stream water samples. The datasets were collected to characterize hydrochemistry, carbon concentrations, carbon dioxide dynamics, and soil-derived organic matter properties in a granitic headwater stream and to provide a basis for reuse in studies of headwater biogeochemistry, carbon cycling, and soil-water interactions.
This dataset comprises hydrochemical and soil data collected along the first 1.3 km downstream of the White Main spring in northern Bavaria, Germany, from March 2023 to April 2024. Stream water samples were analyzed for in-situ parameters (discharge, water temperature [°C], pH [-], redox potential [mV], electrical conductivity [µS/cm], Table Y1), and laboratory-measured parameters, including major ions and trace metals [mmol/L] (Table Y3), alkalinity [mmol/L], , dissolved inorganic and organic carbon (DIC, DOC [mmol/L]) and their stable isotope ratios (δ13CDIC/DOC ‰-VPDB). In addition, calculated partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2, [µatm]) and carbon dioxide fluxes (FCO2, [mmol/m2 d]), are provided for the stream water samples (Table Y2). The dataset also contains laboratory measurements related to soil-derived natural organic matter from acid and base soil extracts, including zeta potential ([mV], Table X1), particle size distribution ([%], Table X2), ultraviolet-visible absorbance (UV-VIS, Table X3), and fluorescence measurements (Table X4). UV-VIS (Table X5) and fluorescence measurements (Table X6) were additionally done for stream water samples. The datasets were collected to characterize hydrochemistry, carbon concentrations, carbon dioxide dynamics, and soil-derived organic matter properties in a granitic headwater stream and to provide a basis for reuse in studies of headwater biogeochemistry, carbon cycling, and soil-water interactions.
This dataset comprises hydrochemical and soil data collected along the first 1.3 km downstream of the White Main spring in northern Bavaria, Germany, from March 2023 to April 2024. Stream water samples were analyzed for in-situ parameters (discharge, water temperature [°C], pH [-], redox potential [mV], electrical conductivity [µS/cm], Table Y1), and laboratory-measured parameters, including major ions and trace metals [mmol/L] (Table Y3), alkalinity [mmol/L], , dissolved inorganic and organic carbon (DIC, DOC [mmol/L]) and their stable isotope ratios (δ13CDIC/DOC ‰-VPDB). In addition, calculated partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2, [µatm]) and carbon dioxide fluxes (FCO2, [mmol/m2 d]), are provided for the stream water samples (Table Y2). The dataset also contains laboratory measurements related to soil-derived natural organic matter from acid and base soil extracts, including zeta potential ([mV], Table X1), particle size distribution ([%], Table X2), ultraviolet-visible absorbance (UV-VIS, Table X3), and fluorescence measurements (Table X4). UV-VIS (Table X5) and fluorescence measurements (Table X6) were additionally done for stream water samples. The datasets were collected to characterize hydrochemistry, carbon concentrations, carbon dioxide dynamics, and soil-derived organic matter properties in a granitic headwater stream and to provide a basis for reuse in studies of headwater biogeochemistry, carbon cycling, and soil-water interactions.
This dataset comprises hydrochemical and soil data collected along the first 1.3 km downstream of the White Main spring in northern Bavaria, Germany, from March 2023 to April 2024. Stream water samples were analyzed for in-situ parameters (discharge, water temperature [°C], pH [-], redox potential [mV], electrical conductivity [µS/cm], Table Y1), and laboratory-measured parameters, including major ions and trace metals [mmol/L] (Table Y3), alkalinity [mmol/L], , dissolved inorganic and organic carbon (DIC, DOC [mmol/L]) and their stable isotope ratios (δ13CDIC/DOC ‰-VPDB). In addition, calculated partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2, [µatm]) and carbon dioxide fluxes (FCO2, [mmol/m2 d]), are provided for the stream water samples (Table Y2). The dataset also contains laboratory measurements related to soil-derived natural organic matter from acid and base soil extracts, including zeta potential ([mV], Table X1), particle size distribution ([%], Table X2), ultraviolet-visible absorbance (UV-VIS, Table X3), and fluorescence measurements (Table X4). UV-VIS (Table X5) and fluorescence measurements (Table X6) were additionally done for stream water samples. The datasets were collected to characterize hydrochemistry, carbon concentrations, carbon dioxide dynamics, and soil-derived organic matter properties in a granitic headwater stream and to provide a basis for reuse in studies of headwater biogeochemistry, carbon cycling, and soil-water interactions.
This dataset comprises hydrochemical and soil data collected along the first 1.3 km downstream of the White Main spring in northern Bavaria, Germany, from March 2023 to April 2024. Stream water samples were analyzed for in-situ parameters (discharge, water temperature [°C], pH [-], redox potential [mV], electrical conductivity [µS/cm], Table Y1), and laboratory-measured parameters, including major ions and trace metals [mmol/L] (Table Y3), alkalinity [mmol/L], , dissolved inorganic and organic carbon (DIC, DOC [mmol/L]) and their stable isotope ratios (δ13CDIC/DOC ‰-VPDB). In addition, calculated partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2, [µatm]) and carbon dioxide fluxes (FCO2, [mmol/m2 d]), are provided for the stream water samples (Table Y2). The dataset also contains laboratory measurements related to soil-derived natural organic matter from acid and base soil extracts, including zeta potential ([mV], Table X1), particle size distribution ([%], Table X2), ultraviolet-visible absorbance (UV-VIS, Table X3), and fluorescence measurements (Table X4). UV-VIS (Table X5) and fluorescence measurements (Table X6) were additionally done for stream water samples. The datasets were collected to characterize hydrochemistry, carbon concentrations, carbon dioxide dynamics, and soil-derived organic matter properties in a granitic headwater stream and to provide a basis for reuse in studies of headwater biogeochemistry, carbon cycling, and soil-water interactions.
This dataset comprises hydrochemical and soil data collected along the first 1.3 km downstream of the White Main spring in northern Bavaria, Germany, from March 2023 to April 2024. Stream water samples were analyzed for in-situ parameters (discharge, water temperature [°C], pH [-], redox potential [mV], electrical conductivity [µS/cm], Table Y1), and laboratory-measured parameters, including major ions and trace metals [mmol/L] (Table Y3), alkalinity [mmol/L], , dissolved inorganic and organic carbon (DIC, DOC [mmol/L]) and their stable isotope ratios (δ13CDIC/DOC ‰-VPDB). In addition, calculated partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2, [µatm]) and carbon dioxide fluxes (FCO2, [mmol/m2 d]), are provided for the stream water samples (Table Y2). The dataset also contains laboratory measurements related to soil-derived natural organic matter from acid and base soil extracts, including zeta potential ([mV], Table X1), particle size distribution ([%], Table X2), ultraviolet-visible absorbance (UV-VIS, Table X3), and fluorescence measurements (Table X4). UV-VIS (Table X5) and fluorescence measurements (Table X6) were additionally done for stream water samples. The datasets were collected to characterize hydrochemistry, carbon concentrations, carbon dioxide dynamics, and soil-derived organic matter properties in a granitic headwater stream and to provide a basis for reuse in studies of headwater biogeochemistry, carbon cycling, and soil-water interactions.
The continuous agricultural soil monitoring program (BDF) by the Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture, and Geology (LfULG) is operational since 1995, collecting and analysing samples periodically from 60 monitoring sites across Saxony, Germany. This dataset contains additional soil physical data for 441 samples collected during a sampling campaign in September 2023. Samples were collected from four sites across Saxony using different sampling devices (split spoon push core, steel syringe, sampling spade, soil rings) to evaluate their suitability for true-to-volume sampling. Total bulk density, fine soil bulk density and the fine soil stock were calculated using both air-dry and oven-dry weights. Particle size distribution was determined by wet sieving and the integral suspension pressure method (ISP+) using the Meter Pario+ system. This dataset is part of a mid-infrared soil spectral library for agricultural soils in Saxony, Germany.
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