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Überarbeitung der statistischen Guidance zu OECD Prüfrichtlinien (OECD Series on Testing and Assessment No. 54)

Hintergrund: Datenanforderungen der Europäischen Verordnungen für Industriechemikalien (REACH 1907/2006/EG), Pflanzenschutzmittel (1107/2009/EG), Biozide (528/2012/EG), Tierarzneimittel (2019/6/EG) und der Richtlinie für Arzneimittel (2004/28/EG und 2004/27/EG) basieren auf standardisierten ökotoxikologischen Labor- und Freilandtests., i.d.R. OECD-Prüfrichtlinien. Die Festlegung der statistischen Auswertung der Labordaten erfolgt derzeit in den einzelnen OECD-Prüfrichtlinien mit Hinweis auf die 2006 veröffentlichten Grundprinzipien der statistischen Auswertung für OECD-Prüfrichtlinien im OECD Dokument Nr. 54 'Current approaches in the statistical analysis of ecotoxicity data: a guidance to application'. Die im OECD Dokument Nr. 54 beschriebenen Methoden sind (teilweise) überholt und es fehlen geeignete Methoden für die Auswertung von nicht-normalverteilten Daten. Nicht-normalverteilte Daten kommen standardmäßig in aquatischen Mesokosmen und Freilandstudien an Bodenorganismen und Arthropoden vor, die eine zentrale Rolle in der Zulassung von Chemikalien spielen. Eine Überarbeitung des OECD Dokuments Nr. 54 ist dringend notwendig, weil es direkte Auswirkungen auf die statistische Auswertung aller OECD-Prüfrichtlinien für die Bewertung von Auswirkungen auf Nichtzielorganismen hat. Forschungsziele sind: 1. Aktualisierung von OECD Dokument Nr. 54 - Aufnahme fehlender Methoden-Prüfung und Aktualisierung enthaltener Methoden, 2. Überführung des OECD Dokument Nr. 54 in ein OECD Guidance Dokument (verbindlicher) - Ermöglichung direkter Verweise zu bestehenden OECD-Prüfrichtlinien und der Vereinheitlichung statistischer Verfahrensweisen innerhalb bestehender OECD Prüfrichtlinien sowie eine präzisierte Ableitung der abgeleiteten Endpunkte zur Verbesserung der Risikobewertung für Chemikalien.

First-principles kinetic modeling for solar hydrogen production

The development of sustainable and efficient energy conversion processes at interfaces is at the center of the rapidly growing field of basic energy science. How successful this challenge can be addressed will ultimately depend on the acquired degree of molecular-level understanding. In this respect, the severe knowledge gap in electro- or photocatalytic conversions compared to corresponding thermal processes in heterogeneous catalysis is staggering. This discrepancy is most blatant in the present status of predictive-quality, viz. first-principles based modelling in the two fields, which largely owes to multifactorial methodological issues connected with the treatment of the electrochemical environment and the description of the surface redox chemistry driven by the photo-excited charges or external potentials.Successfully tackling these complexities will advance modelling methodology in (photo)electrocatalysis to a similar level as already established in heterogeneous catalysis, with an impact that likely even supersedes the one seen there in the last decade. A corresponding method development is the core objective of the present proposal, with particular emphasis on numerically efficient approaches that will ultimately allow to reach comprehensive microkinetic formulations. Synergistically combining the methodological expertise of the two participating groups we specifically aim to implement and advance implicit and mixed implicit/explicit solvation models, as well as QM/MM approaches to describe energy-related processes at solid-liquid interfaces. With the clear objective to develop general-purpose methodology we will illustrate their use with applications to hydrogen generation through water splitting. Disentangling the electro- resp. photocatalytic effect with respect to the corresponding dark reaction, this concerns both the hydrogen evolution reaction at metal electrodes like Pt and direct water splitting at oxide photocatalysts like TiO2. Through this we expect to arrive at a detailed mechanistic understanding that will culminate in the formulation of comprehensive microkinetic models of the light- or potential-driven redox process. Evaluating these models with kinetic Monte Carlo simulations will unambiguously identify the rate-determining and overpotential-creating steps and therewith provide the basis for a rational optimization of the overall process. As such our study will provide a key example of how systematic method development in computational approaches to basic energy sciences leads to breakthrough progress and serves both fundamental understanding and cutting-edge application.

Service Request under framework contract of ETIREACH Consortium for services on technical, scientific, health, environmental and socio-economic questions concerning the implementation of REACH Regulation, Service Request on Scoping Study on Safety Data Sheets

REACH: Unterstützung von Akteuren beim Aufbau und Erhalt REACH Expertise

Strategic Partnership on Testing of REACH

Distribution and concentration of nutrients, carbon compounds and methane in water samples in the southern German Bight (North Sea) in February 2025 , during MOSES Sternfahrt 13

Previous Sternfahrten were mainly conducted in spring and summer. To cover the seasonal aspects more thoroughly, including a winter situation, Sternfahrt 13 was conducted in February 2025 (10–12 February). We used the RV Heincke (cruise HE653/2) instead of the RV Uthörn. The Heincke's draught is greater, so we could not reach all of our previous stations. Surface and bottom water samples were taken with a rosette; in the event of stratification in the water column, an additional sample was taken from the middle.

Bebauungsplaene Saarlouis/Beaumarais - Am Rech Nr.64_0

Bebauungspläne und Umringe der Kreisstadt Saarlouis (Saarland) Stadtteil Beaumarais:Bebauungsplan "Am Rech Nr.64_0" der Kreisstadt Saarlouis, Stadtteil Beaumarais

Bebauungsplaene Gersheim/Bliesdalheim - Zum Rech 1. Änderung (OT Bliesdalheim)

Bebauungspläne und Umringe der Gemeinde Gersheim (Saarland), Ortsteil Bliesdalheim:Bebauungsplan "Zum Rech 1. Änderung (OT Bliesdalheim)" der Gemeinde Gersheim, Ortsteil Bliesdalheim

Bebauungsplaene Gersheim/Bliesdalheim - Zum Rech

Bebauungspläne und Umringe der Gemeinde Gersheim (Saarland), Ortsteil Bliesdalheim:Bebauungsplan "Zum Rech" der Gemeinde Gersheim, Ortsteil Bliesdalheim

Sedimentation velocity of morphologically diverse macrophytes and plastic particles

The dataset contains sedimentation velocity measurements for 22 morphologically diverse macroalgae species (n = 49), the seagrass Zostera marina (n = 3), and plastic particles of four distinct shapes (n = 16). Each sample was measured at least five times, with some measured up to seven times. Detailed morphological descriptions and images are available in the corresponding paper. Samples with a SampleID starting with "K" were collected in January 2023 from the Kiel Fjord, Germany (between Strande and Bülk light house, 54°26'57.4N 10°11'37.6E). U. gigantea was collected in June 2024 in Yerseke, Netherlands (51°30'09.0N, 4°02'39.7E). All other samples were collected in June 2024 at the same site from the Kiel Fjord as in 2023, as well as two additional locations (Schilksee, 54°25'16.3N 10°10'43.1E and Mönkeberg, 54°21'20.92N 10°10'41.97E). Sedimentation velocity measurements were conducted in plastic cylinders, allowing particles to sink 15 cm to reach their terminal sinking velocity before starting the measurements. The sinking time was recorded using a stopwatch, and sedimentation velocity was calculated by dividing the sinking distance by the elapsed time. Test with varying cylinder heights showed no significant differences in results. Macrophyte species measured: Fucus vesiculosus, Fucus serratus, Saccharina latissima, Gracilaria vermiculophylla, Ceramium virgatum, Vertebrata fucoides, Polysiphonia stricta, Spermothamnion repens, Ahnfeltia plicata, Furcellaria lumbricalis, Coccotylus truncatus, Delesseria sanguinea, Cladophora flexuosa, Cladophora sp., Rhodomela confervoides, Pyropia leucosticta, Ulva clathrata, Ulva linza, Kornmannia leptoderma, Bryopsis hypnoides, Acrosiphonia centralis, Ulva gigantea, and Zostera marina. The plastic particles include eight circular pieces of foil (disks), three table tennis balls, two plastic nets, and three rubber bands. The foil disks were cut to different diameters and some were punched with different numbers of small holes. The name of the foil circles indicates both their diameter and perforation level. For example, "Disk 40-1" had a diameter of 40 mm and was unpunched, where "1" denotes unpunched, "2" partially punched, and "3" heavily punched, "4" extremely heavily punched. The three tennis balls shared identical dimensions but had different mass densities due to the different level of replacement of air with seawater and glass beads in the tennis ball.

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