Die Seite "Landesrecht online" bietet Ihnen die Möglichkeit, online in den Hamburger Rechtsvorschriften (Gesetze, Verordnungen etc.), den Entscheidungen der Hamburger Gerichte sowie in den schulrechtlichen Verwaltungsvorschriften zu recherchieren.
The sorption of anions in geotechnical multibarrier systems of planned high level waste repositories (HLWR) and of non-ionic and organic pollutants in conventional waste disposals are in the center of recent research. In aquatic systems, persistent radionuclides such as 79Se, 99Tc, 129I exist in a form of anions. There is strongly increasing need to find materials with high sorption capacities for such pollutants. Specific requirements on barrier materials are long-term stability of adsorbent under various conditions such as T > 100 C, varying hydrostatic pressure, and the presence of competing ions. Organo-clays are capable to sorb high amounts of cations, anions and non-polar molecules simultaneously having selectivity for certain ions. This project is proposed to improve the understanding of sorption and desorption processes in organo-clays. Additionally, the modification of material properties under varying chemical and thermal conditions will be determined by performing diffusion and advection experiments. Changes by sorption and diffusion will be analyzed by determining surface charge and contact angles. Molecular simulations on models of organo-clays will be conducted in an accord with experiments with aim to understand and analyze experimental results. The computational part of the project will profit from the collaboration of German partner with the group in Vienna, which has a long standing experience in a modeling of clay minerals.
To overcome the limitation in spatial and temporal resolution of methane oceanic measurements, sensors are needed that can autonomously detect CH4-concentrations over longer periods of time. The proposed project is aimed at:- Designing molecular receptors for methane recognition (cryptophane-A and -111) and synthesizing new compounds allowing their introduction in polymeric structure (Task 1; LC, France); - Adapting, calibrating and validating the 2 available optical technologies, one of which serves as the reference sensor, for the in-situ detection and measurements of CH4 in the marine environments (Task 2 and 3; GET, LAAS-OSE, IOW) Boulart et al. (2008) showed that a polymeric filmchanges its bulk refractive index when methane docks on to cryptophane-A supra-molecules that are mixed in to the polymeric film. It is the occurrence of methane in solution, which changes either the refractive index measured with high resolution Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR; Chinowsky et al., 2003; Boulart et al, 2012b) or the transmitted power measured with differential fiber-optic refractometer (Boulart et al., 2012a; Aouba et al., 2012).- Using the developed sensors for the study of the CH4 cycle in relevant oceanic environment (the GODESS station in the Baltic Sea, Task 4 and 5; IOW, GET); GODESS registers a number of parameters with high temporal and vertical resolution by conducting up to 200 vertical profiles over 3 months deployment with a profiling platform hosting the sensor suite. - Quantifying methane fluxes to the atmosphere (Task 6); clearly, the current project, which aims at developing in-situ aqueous gas sensors, provides the technological tool to achieve the implementation of ocean observatories for CH4. The aim is to bring the fiber-optic methane sensor on the TRL (Technology Readiness Level) from their current Level 3 (Analytical and laboratory studies to validate analytical predictions) - to the Levels 5 and 6 (Component and/or basic sub-system technology validation in relevant sensing environments) and compare it to the SPR methane sensor, taken as the reference sensor (current TRL 5). This would lead to potential patent applications before further tests and commercialization. This will be achieved by the ensemble competences and contributions from the proposed consortium in this project.
Nach hamburgischem Landesrecht werden Veröffentlichungen durch Abdruck im Hamburgischen Gesetz- und Verordnungsblatt vorgenommen. Rechtsverbindlich ist deshalb ausschließlich die gedruckte Ausgabe des Hamburgischen Gesetz- und Verordnungsblattes. Eine Inhaltssuche kann nur über die Internetseite der <a href="http://www.luewu.de/gvbl/">Firma Lütcke & Wulff</a> erfolgen.
The focus of this project is to analyse the observed surface freshwater fluxes through improved estimates of evaporation and precipitation and their individual error characteristics in the HOAPS climatology and its ground validation in climate-related hotspots of the Atlantic Ocean. To enable that in a consistent manner we propose to establish an error characterization of the HOAPS evaporation data by triple collocations with ship and buoy measurements and between individual satellites and to improve the error characterization of the HOAPS precipitation by analysing available shipboard disdrometer data using point to area statistics. After these improvements, an analysis of the spatio-temporal variability of the surface fresh water balance E-P over the Atlantic Ocean is planned, especially with respect to the Hadley circulation and the hotspot regions of interest to related WPs. Also the atmospheric water transport shall be analysed in order to find the source or target region of local fresh water imbalances. And finally, a consistent inter-comparison of the upcoming global ocean surface salinity fields from SMOS with freshwater fluxes from the HOAPS climatology is proposed.
Water, carbon and nitrogen are key elements in all ecosystem turnover processes and they are related to a variety of environmental problems, including eutrophication, greenhouse gas emissions or carbon sequestration. An in-depth knowledge of the interaction of water, carbon and nitrogen on the landscape scale is required to improve land use and management while at the same time mitigating environmental impact. This is even more important under the light of future climate and land use changes.In the frame of the proposal 'Uncertainty of predicted hydro-biogeochemical fluxes and trace gas emissions on the landscape scale under climate and land use change' we advocate the development of fully coupled, process-oriented models that explicitly simulate the dynamic interaction of water, carbon and nitrogen turnover processes on the landscape scale. We will use the Catchment Modelling Framework CMF, a modular toolbox to implement and test hypothesis of hydrologic behaviour and couple this to the biogeochemical LandscapeDNDC model, a process-based dynamic model for the simulation of greenhouse gas emissions from soils and their associated turnover processes.Due to the intrinsic complexity of the models in use, the predictive uncertainty of the coupled models is unknown. This predictive (global) uncertainty is composed of stochastic and structural components. Stochastic uncertainty results from errors in parameter estimation, poorly known initial states of the model, mismatching boundary conditions or inaccuracies in model input and validation data. Structural uncertainty is related to the flawed or simplified description of natural processes in a model.The objective of this proposal is therefore to quantify the global uncertainty of the coupled hydro-biogeochemical models and investigate the uncertainty chain from parameter uncertainty over forcing data uncertainty up the structural model uncertainty be setting up different combinations of CMF and LandscapeDNDC. A comprehensive work program has been developed structured in 4 work packages, that consist of (1) model set up, calibration and uncertainty assessment on site scale followed by (2) an application and uncertainty assessment of the coupled model structures on regional scale, (3) global change scenario analyses and finally (4) evaluating model results in an ensemble fashion.Last but not least, a further motivation of this proposal is to provide project results in a manner that they support planning and decision taking under uncertainty, as this proposal is part of the package proposal on 'Methodologies for dealing with uncertainties in landscape planning and related modelling'.
Es wird vermutet, dass im globalen Wechselspiel der Hemisphären entweder die Tiefenwasserproduktion im Norden oder die im Süden den Atlantik dominierte, was unmittelbaren und bedeutenden Einfluss auf das Wärmebudget der jeweiligen Erdhalbkugel hat. Trotz der Anstrengungen, die gemacht wurden, um die Vergangenheit des klimarelevanten Atlantischen Ozeans zu rekonstruieren, war es bislang nicht möglich die Rolle der Ozeanzirkulation als Auslöser oder Folge der teils dramatischen Klimaschwankungen zu identifizieren, die innerhalb der letzten 100.000 Jahre aufgetreten waren. Der Forschungszweig der Paläozeanographie, der sich mit diesen Fragen beschäftigt, steht hierbei vor zwei essentiellen Problemen: Zum einen haben die benutzten Methoden oft Schwächen und nur eingeschränkte Anwendungsbereiche, was insbesondere für Tracer gilt, die am Nährstoffkreislauf teilnehmen und diagenetischen Prozessen unterworfen sind. Zum anderen lässt die zeitliche und räumliche Abdeckung der Messungen meist nur begrenzte Aussagen zu, die zwar lokale Informationen liefern, jedoch keine globalen Zusammenhänge erschließen lassen. Um verlässliche Aussagen über die ozeanische Vergangenheit des Wärmetransports und der Verteilung von Kohlenstoff und Nährstoffen treffen zu können, ist es notwendig eine große Anzahl von Daten zu erheben. Das Material, das von den IOPD/ODP Kernlagern zur Verfügung gestellt wird, bietet hierfür eine einzigartige Grundlage. Als Methode der Wahl hat sich in der jüngsten Vergangenheit die Messung des Verhältnisses der Neodymisotope 143Nd/144Nd herauskristallisiert. Die unterschiedliche isotopische Signatur von Wassermassen des Pazifiks und dem Nordatlantischen Tiefenwasser machen Neodym zu einem einzigartigen Tracer für die atlantische Zirkulation. Die Neodym-Signatur und damit das (Mischungs)Verhältnis der in der Vergangenheit vorherrschenden Wassermassen werden in Fe-Mn-Ablagerungen des Sediments erhalten. Mit dem vorsichtigen Ablösen dieser Ablagerungen und der anschließenden Messung der Nd-Isotopie steht eine Methodik zur Verfügung, die im großen Maßstab angewandt äußerst erfolgsversprechend ist. Sie ist überall dort anwendbar, wo Kerne gezogen wurden, sie ist verlässlich messbar und die Aufbereitung von Proben ist schnell und kostengünstig durchführbar, wenn die entsprechende Expertise vorhanden ist. An ausgewählten IODP/ODP Kernen soll der Frage von Wassermassenwechseln im Atlantik nachgegangen werden. Es soll geklärt werden wie schnell diese abliefen und in welcher klimatologischen Phase sich welches Zirkulationsmuster durchgesetzt hat. Mit Hilfe von Boxmodellen und durch den Vergleich mit weiteren Tracern (231Pa/230Th, d13C) soll ein gesamtheitliches Bild für den letzten Glazial-Interglazialen-Zyklus gezeichnet werden, das Rückschlüsse auf die entscheidenden Rückkopplungseffekte und Wechselwirkungen im Klimasystem zulässt, wie sie für die Verbesserung und Validierung von Klimamodellen dringend benötigt werden.
The working documents on revision of the Sewage Sludge Directive (86/278/EEC) on Biowaste and the Soil Protection Communication call for standards on sampling and analysis of sludge, treated biowastes and soils. The European Directives are intended to prevent unacceptable release of contaminants, impairment of soil function, or exposure to pathogens, and to protect crops, human and animal health, the quality of water and the wider environment when sludges and treated biowastes are used on land. The EU animal by-product regulations are fixing microbiological threshold values, for which microbiological methods of analysis are needed. The European Commission wishes to cite European (CEN) standards in order that there is harmonised application of the directives and that reports from Member States (MS) can be compared. This project to develop standards for hygienic parameters in sludge, soil and biowaste, presented under the name 'HORIZONTAL-HYG', will be carried out under the umbrella of the main project HORIZONTAL 'Development of horizontal standards for soil, sludge and biowaste'. This ensures full integration in the CEN system through BT Task Force 151 specially set up in support of this project as well as direct supervision by DG ENV and MS, which form the Steering Committee of HORIZONTAL. Preparation of HORIZONTAL-HYG was taken in a full agreement with the DG ENV, DG JRC and the MS already contributing to HORIZONTAL. HORIZONTAL-HYG's objective is to produce standardised methods for sampling and hygienic microbiological parameters, as Salmonella spp, Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens, Ascaris ova in sludges, treated biowastes and soils written in CEN format. Validation of the methods is an essential part of the development as it quantifies performance in terms of repeatability and reproducibility. The consortium is well connected in CEN and ISO and thus provides an excellent basis for implementation of the deliverables. Prime Contractor: Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland; Petten, Netherlands.
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