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Deep OCean Test ARray DOCTAR (OBS part)

This is the first deployment of a teleseismic broadband array consisting of 12 three-component stations with an aperture of about 50 km in the deep ocean in about 5000 m water depth. The data can be compared with two other deployments on Madeira and in western Portugal mainland which had similar array layouts and recording time spans (network Y7). The broadband data enable furthermore analysis of the crust and upper mantle beneath the array near to the Gloria fault, a major transform fault in the North Atlantic. Recordings of numerous local and regional earthquakes make a precise location of active structures possible. Waveform data is available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 3J.

The scalar organization of environmental governance: an institutionalist perspective on the transformation of water and marine governance in the European Union

The project aims to theorize the scalar organization of natural resource governance in the European Union. This research agenda is inspired by critical geographers' work on the politics of scale. The research will examine an analytical framework derived from theories of institutional change and multi-level govern-ance to fill this theoretical gap. Furthermore, it will review conceptualizations of the state in institutional economics, evaluate their adequacy to capture the role of the state in the dynamics identified, and develop them further. The described processes may imply shifts in administrative levels, shifts in relations between different levels and changes in spatial delimitations of competent jurisdictions that result, for example, from decentralization or the introduction of river basin oriented administrative structures. The research investigates the implications of two European Directives: the Water Framework Directive (WFD) and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). They both have potentially great significance for the organization of marine and water governance at the level of Member States and below, and adhere to similar regulatory ideas for achieving good ecological status of waters. A multiple case study on changes in the scalar reorganization of marine and water governance that result from the implementation of the Directives will be carried out. It will rely on qualitative and quantitative data gathering based on semi-structured interviews and review of secondary and tertiary sources looking at Portugal, Spain, and Germany. It specifically addresses the role of social ecological transactions, the structure of decision making processes and the role of changes in contextual factors (such as ideologies, interdependent institutions and technology).

Agrarstruktureller Entwicklungsplan Saarland -Geoportal Saarland-

Mit der Agrarstrukturellen Entwicklungsplanung für das Saarland, die in den Jahren 1999 - 2000 erstellt wurde, liegt eine Rahmenplanung für die saarländische Landwirtschaft vor. Neben der Erhebung umfangreicher Daten zur Bestandsaufnahme und einer Analyse der Ist-Situation enthält das Gutachten Leitbilder für die zukünftige Entwicklung der Landwirtschaft und damit auch für die Entwicklung ländlicher Räume sowie der Nutzung der Kulturlandschaft. Ausgehend von einer landesweiten Übersichtskarte mit einem Überblick über die Agrarräume, die Landwirtschaftsbetriebe über 30 Hektar und Vorschlagsflächen für landwirtschaftliche Vorrang- und Vorbehaltsgebiete, erschließen sich beim Hineinvergrößern weitere Informationsebenen. Hier findet sich eine detaillierte Raumgliederung mit Darstellungen der Realnutzung, der landwirtschaftlichen Nutzungseignung und eine zuschaltbare Darstellung der landwirtschaftlichen Rückzugsgebiete. In Abhängigkeit vom Darstellungsmaßstab wird die Darstellung der Karteninhalte angepasst und es stehen unterschiedliche Hintergrundkarten zu Verfügung (TK 50, TK 25).

Spatial heterogeneity and substrate availability as limiting factors for subsoil C-turnover

In subsoils, organic matter (SOM) concentrations and microbial densities are much lower than in topsoils and most likely highly heterogeneously distributed. We therefore hypothesize, that the spatial separation between consumers (microorganisms) and their substrates (SOM) is an important limiting factor for carbon turnover in subsoils. Further, we expect microbial activity to occur mainly in few hot spots, such as the rhizosphere or flow paths where fresh substrate inputs are rapidly mineralized. In a first step, the spatial distribution of enzyme and microbial activities in top- and subsoils will be determined in order to identify hot spots and relate this to apparent 14C age, SOM composition, microbial community composition and soil properties, as determined by the other projects within the research unit. In a further step it will be determined, if microbial activity and SOM turnover is limited by substrate availability in spatially distinct soil microsites. By relating this data to root distribution and preferential flow paths we will contribute to the understanding of stabilizing and destabilizing processes of subsoil organic matter. As it is unclear, at which spatial scale these differentiating processes are effective, the analysis of spatial variability will cover the dm to the mm scale. As spatial segregation between consumers and substrates will depend on the pore and aggregate architecture of the soil, the role of the physical integrity of these structures on SOM turnover will also be investigated in laboratory experiments.

Schwerpunktprogramm (SPP) 1158: Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas; Bereich Infrastruktur - Antarktisforschung mit vergleichenden Untersuchungen in arktischen Eisgebieten, COALA – Kontinuierliche Beobachtungen von Aerosol-Wolken-Interaktion in der Antarktis

Das unvollständige Verständnis der Wechselwirkung von Aerosolpartikeln mit Strahlung, Wolken und Niederschlag ist eine Schlüsselfrage der Atmosphärenforschung. Detaillierte Beobachtungen sind erforderlich, um die komplexen Zusammenhänge zwischen den beteiligten Prozessen zu erfassen. Dies gilt insbesondere für die abgelegene Region der Antarktis, wo bodengestützte, vertikal aufgelöste Langzeitbeobachtungen von Aerosol, Wolken und Niederschlag selten sind und Satellitenbeobachtungen technischen Beschränkungen unterliegen. Um die Messlücke mit modernsten Beobachtungen zu schließen, wird TROPOS die Messplattform OCEANET-Atmosphere zwischen den Südsommern 2022/23 und 2023/24 an der Station Neumayer III (70,67°S, 8,27°W) einsetzen. OCEANET-Atmosphere ist ein autonomer, polar-erprobter, modifizierter 20-Fuss-Messcontainer, der erst kürzlich erfolgreich während MOSAiC (Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate) eingesetzt wurde. Die Instrumentierung während COALA umfasst ein Mehrwellenlängen-Polarisations- und ein Doppler-Lidar, ein 35-GHz-Wolkenradar, ein Mikrowellenradiometer sowie jeweils ein 1-d und 2-d-Niederschlags-Disdrometer. OCEANET ist die einzige polare Einzelcontainer-Plattform, die mit Mehrwellenlängen-Lidar, Radar und Mikrowellenradiometer Wolken und Niederschlag sowie mit Doppler-Lidar und -Radar turbulente Luftbewegungen in Wolken an verschiedenen Messstandorten beobachten kann.Die zeitliche und vertikale Auflösung des gewonnenen Datensatzes wird in der Größenordnung von 30 s (2 s für Vertikalgeschwindigkeitsbeobachtungen) und 30 m liegen. COALA ist ein 3-Jahres-Projekt. Ein Postdoktorand wird für den Einsatz von OCEANET-Atmosphere bei Neumayer III und die Datenanalyse verantwortlich sein und dabei von Experten am TROPOS unterstützt. Die Beobachtungen werden in erster Linie dazu dienen, die Schlüsselhypothese von COALA zu untersuchen, dass Aerosol aus dem Südlichen Ozean, den mittleren Breiten und den Subtropen der südlichen Hemisphäre in die Antarktis transportiert wird, wo es die Bildung und Entwicklung von Wolken und Niederschlag beeinflusst. Die Arbeiten konzentrieren sich auf (1) die Untersuchung des Ursprungs, der Häufigkeit und der Eigenschaften des Aerosols über der Station Neumayer III, (2) die Untersuchung des Einflusses von Oberflächen- und Grenzschicht-Kopplungseffekten auf die Eigenschaften und die Entwicklung von tiefen Wolken, (3) die Untersuchung des Beitrags von Dynamik (orographische Wellen), Aerosol und Meteorologie zur Verteilung der Eis- und Flüssigphase in Wolken über Neumayer III, (4) zur Untersuchung der vertikalen Struktur von Wolken und ihrer Beziehung zur Niederschlagsbildung und (5) zur Bewertung regionaler Kontraste in den Eigenschaften von Aerosolen und Wolken und den damit verbundenen Aerosol-Wolken-Wechselwirkungsprozessen, indem die Neumayer-III-Beobachtungen von vorhandenen Datensätzen aus Südchile, Zypern, Deutschland und der Arktis kontrastiert werden.

Bauliche Entwicklung in Streusiedlungsgebieten

Die Schweiz weist zahlreiche Kulturlandschaften auf, die durch traditionelle Streubauweise als Ausdruck gewachsener landwirtschaftlicher Nutzungsformen gepraegt sind. Davon liegen grosse Teile in Randgebieten, die von Abwanderungen der ansaessigen Bevoelkerung bedroht sind. Mit dem Inkrafttreten des Bundesgesetzes ueber die Raumplanung (RPG) wurde die bauliche Siedlungsentwicklung gesamtschweizerisch auf die Bauzonen beschraenkt und fuer bauliche Veraenderungen ausserhalb der Bauzonen eine Ausnahmeregelung getroffen. Dieses Grundkonzept erweist sich in traditionellen Streusiedlungsgebieten oft als problematisch. Neben der Lokalisierung derartiger Gebiete geht es im vorliegenden Projekt darum, im Rahmen der gesetzlichen Moeglichkeiten und unter Beruecksichtigung der oeffentlichen Interessen geeignete Loesungen aufzuzeigen.

Regionales Raumordnungsprogramm Landkreis Lüneburg

Beim Regionalen Raumordnungsprogramm (RROP) handelt es sich um ein strategisches Instrument zur räumlichen Steuerung, Ordnung der unterschiedlichen Nutzungsansprüche. Dabei sollen die miteinander konkurrierenden raumbezogenen Planungen, wie beispielsweise Land- und Forstwirtschaft, gewerbliche Wirtschaft, Verkehr, Naturschutz, Wohnraumbedarf u.v.m aufeinander abgestimmt werden. Das RROP ist somit auf der Ebene des Landkreises ein übergeordnetes und zusammenfassendes Planwerk. Basis für die Vielfalt an Themen bildet das Raumordnungsprogramm 2003 mit der 1. Änderung 2010.

INSPIRE: Information system salt structures: planning basis, selection criteria and estimation of the potential for the construction of salt caverns for the storage of renewable energies (hydrogen and compressed air) (InSpEE) (WMS)

The WMS InSpEE (INSPIRE) provides information about the areal distribution of salt structures (salt domes and salt pillows) in Northern Germany. Contours of the salt structures can be displayed at horizontal cross-sections at four different depths up to a maximum depth of 2000 m below NN. The geodata have resulted from a BMWi-funded research project “InSpEE” running from the year 2012 to 2015. The acronym stands for "Information system salt structures: planning basis, selection criteria and estimation of the potential for the construction of salt caverns for the storage of renewable energies (hydrogen and compressed air)”. Taking into account the fact that this work was undertaken at a scale for providing an overview and not for investigation of single structures, the scale of display is limited to a minimum of 1:300.000. Additionally four horizontal cross-section maps display the stratigraphical situation at a given depth. In concurrence of maps at different depths areal bedding conditions can be determined, e.g. to generally assess and interpret the spread of different stratigraphic units. Clearly visible are extent and shape of the salt structures within their regional context at the different depths, with extent and boundary of the salt structures having been the main focus of the project. Four horizontal cross-section maps covering the whole onshore area of Northern Germany have been developed at a scale of 1:500.000. The maps cover the depths of -500, -1000, -1500, -2000 m below NN. The four depths are based on typical depth requirements of existing salt caverns in Northern Germany, mainly related to hydrocarbon storage. The shapes of the structures show rudimentary information of their geometry and their change with depths. In addition they form the starting point for rock mechanical calculations necessary for the planning and construction of salt caverns for storage as well as for assessing storage potentials. The maps can be used as a pre-selection tool for subsurface uses. It can also be used to assess coverage and extension of salt structures. Offshore areas were not treated within the project. All horizontal cross-section maps were adjusted with the respective state geological survey organisations. According to the Data Specification on Geology (D2.8.II.4_v3.0) the WMS InSpEE (INSPIRE) provides INSPIRE-compliant data. The WMS InSpEE (INSPIRE) contains two group layers: The first group layer “INSPIRE: Salt structures in Northern Germany“ comprises the layers GE.Geologic.Unit.Salt structure types, GE.GeologicUnit.Salt pillow remnants, GE.GeologicUnit.Structure-building salinar and GE.GeologicUnit.Structural outlines. The layer GE.GeologicUnit.Structural outlines contains according to the four depths four sublayers, e.g. GE.GeologiUnit.Structural outlines 500 m below NN. The second group layer „INSPIRE: Horizontal cross-section maps of Northern Germany“ comprises according to the four depths four layers, e.g. Horizontal cross-section map – 500 m below NN. This layer, in turns, contains two sublayers: GE.GeologicFault.Relevant fault traces and GE.GeologicUnit.Stratigraphic Units. Via the getFeatureInfo request the user obtains additional information on the different geometries. In case of the GE.Geologic.Unit.Salt structure types the user gets access to a data sheet with additional information and further reading in German for the respective salt structure via the getFeatureInfo request.

INSPIRE: Information system salt structures: planning basis, selection criteria and estimation of the potential for the construction of salt caverns for the storage of renewable energies (hydrogen and compressed air) (InSpEE)

InSpEE (INSPIRE) provides information about the areal distribution of salt structures (salt domes and salt pillows) in Northern Germany. Contours of the salt structures can be displayed at horizontal cross-sections at four different depths up to a maximum depth of 2000 m below NN. The geodata have resulted from a BMWi-funded research project “InSpEE” running from the year 2012 to 2015. The acronym stands for "Information system salt structures: planning basis, selection criteria and estimation of the potential for the construction of salt caverns for the storage of renewable energies (hydrogen and compressed air)”. Additionally four horizontal cross-section maps display the stratigraphical situation at a given depth. In concurrence of maps at different depths areal bedding conditions can be determined, e.g. to generally assess and interpret the spread of different stratigraphic units. Clearly visible are extent and shape of the salt structures within their regional context at the different depths, with extent and boundary of the salt structures having been the main focus of the project. Four horizontal cross-section maps covering the whole onshore area of Northern Germany have been developed at a scale of 1:500.000. The maps cover the depths of -500, -1000, -1500, -2000 m below NN. The four depths are based on typical depth requirements of existing salt caverns in Northern Germany, mainly related to hydrocarbon storage. The shapes of the structures show rudimentary information of their geometry and their change with depths. In addition they form the starting point for rock mechanical calculations necessary for the planning and construction of salt caverns for storage as well as for assessing storage potentials. The maps can be used as a pre-selection tool for subsurface uses. It can also be used to assess coverage and extension of salt structures. Offshore areas were not treated within the project. All horizontal cross-section maps were adjusted with the respective state geological survey organisations. According to the Data Specification on Geology (D2.8.II.4_v3.0) the content of InSpEE (INSPIRE) is stored in 15 INSPIRE-compliant GML files: InSpEE_GeologicUnit_Salt_structure_types.gml contains the salt structure types (salt domes and salt pillows), InSpEE_GeologicUnit_Salt_pillow_remnants.gml comprises the salt pillow remnants, InSpEE_GeologicUnit_Structure_building_salinar.gml represents the structural salinar(s), the four files InSpEE_Structural_outlines_500.gml, InSpEE_Structural_outlines_1000.gml, InSpEE_Structural_outlines_1500.gml and InSpEE_Structural_outlines_2000.gml represent the structural outlines in the corresponding horizontal cross-sections, the four files InSpEE_GeologicUnit_Cross_Section_500, InSpEE_GeologicUnit_Cross_Section_1000, InSpEE_GeologicUnit_Cross_Section_1500 and InSpEE_GeologicUnit_Cross_Section_2000 display the stratigraphical situation in the corresponding horizontal cross-sections and the four files InSpEE_GeologicStructure_500.gml, InSpEE_GeologicStructure_1000.gml, InSpEE_GeologicStructure_1500.gml and InSpEE_GeologicStructure_2000.gml comprise the relevant fault traces in the corresponding horizontal cross-sections. The GML files together with a Readme.txt file are provided in ZIP format (InSpEE-INSPIRE.zip). The Readme.text file (German/English) contains detailed information on the GML files content. Data transformation was proceeded by using the INSPIRE Solution Pack for FME according to the INSPIRE requirements.

Repository der KI-Ideenwerkstatt: faszination_naechtlicher_vogelzug

# Faszination Nächtlicher Vogelzug A web component for visualizing migratory bird detections on an interactive map. Built with React, MapLibre GL, and the BirdWeather GraphQL API. Designed for embedding into CMS platforms like Contao. ## Tech Stack - **React 19** + **TypeScript** (Vite) - **MapLibre GL** -- WebGL map rendering (Stadia Maps dark theme) - **Supercluster** -- per-species spatial clustering - **Apollo Client 4** -- GraphQL data fetching with caching - **GraphQL Code Generation** -- type-safe queries from BirdWeather schema - **SunCalc** -- astronomical day/night calculations - **Tailwind CSS 4** + **Ant Design 6** -- UI - **Vitest** -- testing ## Features - **Interactive map** with color-coded detection clusters per species - **Timeline animation** with autoplay, step controls, and throttled slider - **Night-only mode** that compresses inactive daytime hours using SunCalc sunrise/sunset calculations - **Day/night overlay** showing the terminator (day/night boundary) as a real-time GeoJSON polygon - **Species search** with autocomplete and availability checking per map viewport - **Supplementary layers** (light pollution, noise mapping via WMS) - **Web component** (`<zug-birdnet>`) for CMS embedding without routing ## Project Structure ``` src/ main.tsx Web component registration App.tsx Root component, species selection state api/ fragments.ts GraphQL fragments (DetectionItem, SpeciesItem) queries.ts GraphQL queries (detections, species, search) useDetections.ts Detection fetch hook with prefetching components/ DatesProvider.tsx Time state context (date range, animation, night mode) MapProvider.tsx MapLibre GL instance context SpeciesDropdown.tsx Species selection with search autocomplete Timeline.tsx Date picker, animation slider, playback controls LayersDropdown.tsx Toggle info layers (light pollution, noise) InfoPopup.tsx Map info marker popups map/ Map.tsx MapLibre GL initialization and rendering clusterUtils.ts Per-species Supercluster index creation colorUtils.ts MapLibre paint expression builder mapStyles.ts Map layer definitions usePersistentColors.ts Stable color assignment per species infopoints.ts Static info marker data lib/ apollo-client.ts Apollo Client with cache type policies buildAvailableSpeciesQuery.ts Dynamic aliased query generation getDayPolygon.ts Day/night terminator polygon calculation getTranslatedSpeciesName.ts i18n species name lookup isNotNull.ts, hasNonNullProp.ts Type guard utilities throttle.ts Throttle utility gql/ Auto-generated GraphQL types (do not edit) ``` ## Architecture Three React context providers compose the application: ``` ApolloProvider GraphQL caching and data fetching DatesProvider Date range, animation state, night-only time segments MapProvider MapLibre GL map instance App Species selection, filtered detections, color mapping ``` **Data flow:** Apollo fetches detections for the current bounding box and date range. Detections are filtered client-side by the visualisation time window (controlled by the timeline slider). Each species gets its own Supercluster index for independent color-coded clustering. Cluster features are rendered via MapLibre GL layers with dynamic `match` paint expressions. **GraphQL:** Queries and fragments are defined in `src/api/` and typed via `@graphql-codegen/client-preset`. Run `npm run codegen` after schema changes to regenerate `src/gql/`. ## Development ```sh npm install npm run dev ``` The dev server uses a self-signed SSL certificate via `@vitejs/plugin-basic-ssl`. Accept the browser warning on first visit. Other commands: ```sh npm run build # Production build npm run test # Run tests npm run lint # ESLint npm run codegen # Regenerate GraphQL types ``` ## Build & Integration Run `npm run build` to produce the `dist/` folder. The build outputs stable filenames (no hashes) and splits vendor dependencies into separate chunks for caching: ``` dist/ index.html assets/ index.css App styles (Tailwind + Ant Design) index.js Application code, React, Supercluster, dayjs, SunCalc maplibre.js MapLibre GL antd.js Ant Design + icons apollo.js Apollo Client + graphql ``` Only `index.js` changes on application updates. Vendor chunks are cache-stable between deploys. To embed the web component, include the built CSS and JS, then use the custom element: ```html <link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/index.css"> <script type="module" src="/assets/index.js"></script> <zug-birdnet></zug-birdnet> ``` No routing. The component is self-contained and can be placed anywhere on the page. Third-party CMS integration (e.g., Contao) only needs to include the built assets and the custom element tag. ## Configuration App-level settings are in `src/config.ts`: | Option | Default | Description | |---|---|---| | `SHOW_DEMO_INFOPOINTS` | `false` | Show static info markers on the map (demo/development only) |

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