Regulierende Mechanismen zur Erhaltung der Biodiversität haben die Biologen seit Jahrzehnten beschäftigt, da die Biodiversität größer ist, als durch begrenzende Ressourcen angenommen werden kann. Dieses Paradoxon ist noch nicht gelöst. Theoretisch können nichtlineare Wechselwirkungen zu einer oszillierenden und chaotischen Dynamik führen. Hierdurch kann die Anzahl an coexistierenden Arten/Traits deutlich höher sein als es die verfügbaren Ressourcen in der Theorie zulassen sollten. Wir möchten unsere ursprünglichen Modellergebnisse mit einem gut definierten Chemostatsystem mit bis zu sechs verschiedenen Traits, die eine Langzeitkoexistenz ermöglichen, testen. Dabei sollen sowohl Bakterien als auch Protisten untersucht werden. Wir möchten die potenziell grundsätzliche Bedeutung von Nichtlinearität und Oszillationen für die Aufrechterhaltung der Vielfalt von Traits testen. Das Hauptziel dieser Studie ist es, experimentell zu beurteilen, wie extrinsische (Umwelteinflüsse) und intrinsische (gemeinschaftliche) Faktoren die Koexistenz von Traits beeinflussen. Theoretisch erlauben Oszillationen die Koexistenz vieler Traits, auch wenn sie sich nur geringfügig hinsichtlich ihrer ökologischen Ansprüche unterscheiden. Dies kann mikro-evolutionäre Prozesse stark unterstützen.
Unsere konzeptionelle Sicht des P-Kreislaufes in Waldökosystemen beruht auf der Untersuchung von P-Pools, den Zusammenhängen zwischen verschiedenen P-Pools und zu einem geringen Anteil von P-Flüssen. Bisherige Arbeiten konnten aber nicht die Prozesse aufdecken, die ein Phosphatmolekül auf ökosystemarer Skala durchlief. Zum Beispiel sind die oben genannten Ansätze nicht geeignet, um zwischen der Freisetzung aus einem Mineral oder aus einer organischen Verbindung zu unterscheiden. Die Untersuchung des Sauerstoffisotopenverhältnisses in Phosphat könnte diese Informationen liefern. Unser Ziel ist es, die Wichtigkeit biologischer und geochemischer Prozesse, die den P-Kreislauf in 4 Waldökosystemen kontrollieren, entlang eines Gradienten der P-Verfügbarkeit im Boden zu untersuchen. Wir werden den Verbleib von Phosphat i) im Kreislauf vom Streufall-P über P-Freisetzung während des Abbaus organischer Substanz in der organischen Auflage und im Boden bis hin zur Aufnahme durch die Pflanzen und ii) während der Freisetzung aus P-haltigen Mineralen im Boden und der anschließenden Aufnahme in die Pflanzen verfolgen. Wir werden Mulit-Isotopenansätze (O im Wasser, P and O in Phosphat, C in der organischen Substanz) nutzen, die wir innovativ verbinden, um unsere Forschungsfragen zu beantworten. Für das tiefgreifende Verständnis des P-Kreislaufes während des Abbaus von organischer Substanz werden wir uns auf folgende experimentelle Ansätze stützen: i) Messungen in den etablierten Waldsystemen (Output 1), ii) Laborinkubationen der organischen Auflage und des Mineralbodens (Outputs 2 und 3) sowie iii) Topfexperimente mit wachsenden Pflanzen (Outputs 4 und 5). Unser Projekt wird zur Verifizierung der allgemeinen Hypothese des SPP-Programmes beitragen, dass die mit der Zeit sinkende P-Verfügbarkeit die Waldökosysteme von Mobilisierungs- (effiziente Mobilisierung aus der Mineralphase) zu Recycling-Systemen (sehr effizientes Recycling von P) verschiebt.
This resource contains the monthly mean v component of wind at 850hPa [m/s] for 6 months. The format of resource is GRIB2. It is provided through the web site of WMO Lead Centre for LRF MME (Long Range Forecast Multi-Model Ensemble) on about the 15th of each month. The web site requests a user account. The Grade A(GPCs) and Grade B(NMHSs, RCCs) users can download the data USAGE: Menu: Data and Plot > Data Exchange > Search/Download. This forecast data is made by GPC_Offenbach (DWD) using an operational seasonal prediction system. For more detailed information about the seasonal forecasts of GPC_Offenbach (DWD) visit the web site http://www.dwd.de/EN/ourservices/seasonals_forecasts/start.html.
Forests play a relevant role in mitigation of climate change. A major issue, however, is the scientifically well founded, transparent and verifyable monitoring of achievements in forest carbon sequestration through reduction of deforestation and forest degradation, and through fostering sustainable forest management. Monitoring is particularly difficult in diverse and inaccessible humid tropical forest areas. The proposed research will contribute to the improvement of forest carbon monitoring under the challenging conditions of humid tropical forests. Sample based field observations and model based biomass predictions will be linked to area-wide satellite remote sensing imagery (RapidEye) and to strip samples of LiDAR imagery. Techniques of linking these data sources will be further developed and analysed with respect to (1) precision of carbon estimation and (2) accuracy of carbon regionalization. The proposed project implies research on methodological improvements of both sample based forest inventories (resampling techniques for biomass, imputation of non-response) and remote sensing application to forest monitoring (regionalization, sample based application of LiDAR data). At the core of this research is the analysis of the error variance components that each data source brings into the system. Such error analysis will allow identifying optimal resource allocation for the efficient improvement of forest carbon monitoring systems.
This data publication presents the anonymized original answers of the ICGEM user survey “Analysis and Future Plans with the SAMDAT Project”. In total, 112 respondents completed the survey. Data collection started on the 1st of September and ended on the 31st of October 2024. The survey was announced on the ICGEM website, and the questionnaire was integrated directly into the website. A separate page was developed explaining the survey purpose. Respondents were contacted via the ICGEM users mailing list, the geodesy mailing list, and LinkedIn. Responses were collected anonymously from the beginning. The objective of the survey is twofold: firstly, to ascertain the current user experience with the portal and, secondly, to identify potential areas for improvement of the service. The analysis identifies various user groups in order to find out how ICGEM can best serve the needs of a diverse range of geoscientific applications. It is crucial to comprehend user expectations, since ICGEM is dedicated to demand-driven development. Furthermore, the survey offers users the chance to indicate their priorities for planned features and extensions of the ICGEM platform within the SAMDAT project. The associated report (Torhov et al., 2025) presents the analyses of user feedback gathered from the global user community of the ICGEM Service (International Centre for Global Earth Models). ICGEM serves as a pivotal resource for gravity field modelling, serves as primary resource for global gravitational models and offers an array of interactive tools. Through the recently launched SAMDAT project, ICGEM continues to improve it service and web presentation. New gravity field functionals, datasets and improved metadata are planned to be introduced in alignment with community needs. This user survey was an important first step to collect feedback on the current and upcoming service portfolio of ICGEM. Survey data was collected through a questionnaire to assess scientific applications, uncover feature expectations, and identify opportunities for improvement. The results confirm ongoing project activities and set new directions such as in data representation, documentation and outreach.
Ein Bestandteil des Digitalen Feldblockkatasters ist die Förderkulisse der benachteiligten Gebiete. Dabei handelt es sich insbesondere um Flächen, deren Ertragsfähigkeit natürlich stark begrenzt ist, wie das beispielsweise bei Sandböden der Fall sein kann. Die benachteiligten Gebiete wurden nach Vorgaben der Europäischen Union abgegrenzt. Damit derart problematische Landwirtschaftsflächen nicht brach fallen und weiter bewirtschaftet werden, gewährt das Land Brandenburg eine Beihilfe, die sogenannte Ausgleichszulage.
The GlobCover initiative of ESA developed and demonstrated a service for the generation of global land cover maps, based on Envisat MERIS Fine Resolution (300 m) mode data. ESA and Université catholique de Louvain demonstrated the possibility to use the GlobCover system operationally by delivering GlobCover 2009, the 2009 global land cover map, within a year of the last satellite acquisition. For maximum user benefit the thematic legend of GlobCover is compatible with the UN Land Cover Classification System (LCCS). The system is based on an automatic pre-processing and classification chain. Finally, the global land cover map was validated by an international group of land cover experts and the validation reports are also available to the user community.
Light emerging from natural water bodies and measured by remote sensing radiometers contains information about the local type and concentrations of phytoplankton, non-algal particles and colored dissolved organic matter in the underlying waters. An increase in spectral resolution in forthcoming satellite and airborne remote sensing missions is expected to lead to new or improved capabilities to characterize aquatic ecosystems. Such upcoming missions include NASA's Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) Mission; the NASA Surface Biology and Geology observable mission; and NASA Airborne Visible / Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) - Next Generation airborne missions. In anticipation of these missions, we present an organized dataset of geographically diverse, quality-controlled, high spectral resolution inherent and apparent optical property (IOP/AOP) aquatic data. The data are intended to be of use to increase our understanding of aquatic optical properties, to develop aquatic remote sensing data product algorithms, and to perform calibration and validation activities for forthcoming aquatic-focused imaging spectrometry missions. The dataset is comprised of contributions from several investigators and investigating teams collected over a range of geographic areas and water types, including inland waters, estuaries and oceans. Specific in situ measurements include coefficients describing particulate absorption, particulate attenuation, non-algal particulate absorption, colored dissolved organic matter absorption, phytoplankton absorption, total absorption, total attenuation, particulate backscattering, and total backscattering, as well as remote sensing reflectance, and irradiance reflectance.
Swath sonar bathymetry data used for that dataset was recorded during RV MARIA S. MERIAN cruise MSM62/2 using Kongsberg EM1002 multibeam echosounder. The cruise took place between 23.03.2017 and 27.03.2017 in the Baltic Sea. The cruise aimed to investigate the impact of the Littorina transgression on the inflow of saline waters into the western Baltic and assessed the potential for future diminution of ventilation in the central and northern deeper basins due to isostatic uplift [CSR]. CI Citation: Paul Wintersteller (seafloor-imaging@marum.de) as responsible party for bathymetry raw data ingest and approval. During the MSM62/2 cruise, the moonpooled KONGSBERG EM1002 multibeam echosounder (MBES) was utilized to perform bathymetric mapping in shallow depths. The echosounder has a curved transducer in which 111 beams are formed for each ping while the seafloor is detected using amplitude and phase information for each beam sounding. For further information on the system, consult https://www.km.kongsberg.com/. Postprocessing and products were conducted by the Seafloor-Imaging & Mapping group of MARUM/FB5, responsible person Paul Wintersteller (seafloor-imaging@marum.de). The open source software MB-System (Caress, D. W., and D. N. Chayes, MB-System: Mapping the Seafloor, https://www.mbari.org/products/research-software/mb-system, 2017) was utilized for this purpose. A sound velocity correction profile was applied to the MSM62/2 data; there were no further corrections for roll, pitch and heave applied during postprocessing. A tide correction was applied, based on the Oregon State University (OSU) tidal prediction software (OTPS) that is retrievable through MB-System. CTD measurements during the cruise were sufficient to represent the changes in the sound velocity throughout the study area. Using Mbeditviz, artefacts were cleaned manually. NetCDF (GMT) grids of the edited data as well as statistics were created with mbgrid. The published bathymetric EM1002 grid of the cruise MSM62/2 has a resolution of 15 m. No total propagated uncertainty (TPU) has been calculated to gather vertical or horizontal accuracy. A higher resolution is, at least partly, achievable. The grid extended with _num represents a raster dataset with the statistical number of beams/depths taken into account to create the depth of the cell. The extended _sd -grid contains the standard deviation for each cell. The DTMs projections are given in Geographic coordinate system Lat/Lon; Geodetic Datum: WGS84.
| Origin | Count |
|---|---|
| Bund | 2873 |
| Europa | 8 |
| Global | 17 |
| Kommune | 25 |
| Land | 130 |
| Wirtschaft | 2 |
| Wissenschaft | 195 |
| Zivilgesellschaft | 1 |
| Type | Count |
|---|---|
| Daten und Messstellen | 180 |
| Ereignis | 7 |
| Förderprogramm | 2593 |
| Repositorium | 1 |
| Taxon | 2 |
| Text | 77 |
| unbekannt | 235 |
| License | Count |
|---|---|
| geschlossen | 231 |
| offen | 2800 |
| unbekannt | 62 |
| Language | Count |
|---|---|
| Deutsch | 2015 |
| Englisch | 1329 |
| Resource type | Count |
|---|---|
| Archiv | 80 |
| Bild | 4 |
| Datei | 164 |
| Dokument | 51 |
| Keine | 2105 |
| Multimedia | 1 |
| Unbekannt | 6 |
| Webdienst | 29 |
| Webseite | 780 |
| Topic | Count |
|---|---|
| Boden | 3091 |
| Lebewesen und Lebensräume | 2166 |
| Luft | 1528 |
| Mensch und Umwelt | 3093 |
| Wasser | 1539 |
| Weitere | 3002 |