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Optical water quality variables (Secchi depth and Forel-Ule color indexes) observed during RV HEINCKE cruise HE626-2 from Bremerhaven, Germany to Bremerhaven, Germany

Water clarity and color were observed during the RV HEINCKE cruise HE626-2 (27.10.2023 - 01.11.2023, Wilhelmshaven, Germany - Wilhelmshaven, Germany) using a white Secchi disc with a diameter of 40 cm and a Forel-Ule color scale. The Secchi depth (SD) was recorded as a relative measure of water clarity at each in situ station during day time. At half SD the apparent color of the water above the submerged Secchi disc was determined using the Forel-Ule color scale. A Forel-Ule color scale is a classic tools used to differentiate the percieved color of water based on a scale from 1 (indigo blue) to 21 (cola brown). The measurements were conducted as recemmend in literature (Garaba and Zielinski, 2015; Wernand, 2011; Wernand and van der Woerd, 2010).

Optical water quality variables (Secchi depth and Forel-Ule color indexes) observed during RV HEINCKE cruise HE626 from Bremerhaven, Germany to Bremerhaven, Germany

Water clarity and color were observed during the RV HEINCKE cruise HE626 (20.07.2023 - 09.08.2023, Wilhelmshaven, Germany - Wilhelmshaven, Germany) using a white Secchi disc with a diameter of 40 cm and a Forel-Ule color scale. The Secchi depth (SD) was recorded as a relative measure of water clarity at each in situ station during day time. At half SD the apparent color of the water above the submerged Secchi disc was determined using the Forel-Ule color scale. A Forel-Ule color scale is a classic tools used to differentiate the percieved color of water based on a scale from 1 (indigo blue) to 21 (cola brown). The measurements were conducted as recemmend in literature (Garaba and Zielinski, 2015; Wernand, 2011; Wernand and van der Woerd, 2010).

Optical water quality variables (Secchi depth and Forel-Ule color indexes) observed during RV HEINCKE cruise HE614 from Bremerhaven, Germany to Bremerhaven, Germany

Water clarity and color were observed during the RV HEINCKE cruise HE614 (01.03.2023 to 21.03.2023), from Bremerhaven, Germany to Bremerhaven, Germany) using a white Secchi disc with a diameter of 40 cm and a Forel-Ule color scale. The Secchi depth (SD) was recorded as a relative measure of water clarity at each in situ station during day time. At half SD the apparent color of the water above the submerged Secchi disc was determined using the Forel-Ule color scale. A Forel-Ule color scale is a classic tools used to differentiate the percieved color of water based on a scale from 1 (indigo blue) to 21 (cola brown). The measurements were conducted as recemmend in literature (Garaba and Zielinski, 2015; Wernand, 2011; Wernand and van der Woerd, 2010).

Optical water quality variables (Secchi depth and Forel-Ule color indexes) observed during RV HEINCKE cruise HE609 from Bremerhaven, Germany to Bremerhaven, Germany

Water clarity and color were observed during the RV HEINCKE cruise HE609 (04.10.2022 to 26.10.2022), from Bremerhaven, Germany to Bremerhaven, Germany) using a white Secchi disc with a diameter of 40 cm and a Forel-Ule color scale. The Secchi depth (SD) was recorded as a relative measure of water clarity at each in situ station during day time. At half SD the apparent color of the water above the submerged Secchi disc was determined using the Forel-Ule color scale. A Forel-Ule color scale is a classic tools used to differentiate the percieved color of water based on a scale from 1 (indigo blue) to 21 (cola brown). The measurements were conducted as recemmend in literature (Garaba and Zielinski, 2015; Wernand, 2011; Wernand and van der Woerd, 2010).

Secchi disk measurements during Nodularia spumigena bloom on Lake Bante in Wilhemshaven, Germany

A black and white Secchi disk with a diameter of 30 cm was used during the Lake Bante field campaign aboard an electric powered boat on 25 August 2022 in Wilhelmshaven, Germany. The disk had a steel weight attached at the bottom to keep it stable in the water column. Here, Secchi disk depth was collected as a descriptor of water transparency/clarity. More information about Secchi disk depth procedures and importance is explained in open-access works e.g., (Garaba et al., 2015; Wernand, 2011). At each station on Lake Bante, the black and white Secchi disk was lowered into the water until it was no longer visible. The depth at which it disappeared or was no longer visible was recorded as a distance from the water surface to the disk. The recorded depth information was then used to describe water clarity as clear or turbid using the Secchi disk depth in meters as an index.

Optical water quality variables (Secchi depth and Forel-Ule color indexes) observed during RV SENCKENBERG cruises SE202011-1, SE202103-1, SE202206-1, SE202208-1 and RV OTZUM cruise OT202103-1

Water clarity and color were observed during the RV SENCKENBERG cruises SE202011-1, SE202103-1, SE202206-1, SE202208-1 and RV OTZUM cruise OT202103-1 using a white Secchi disc with a diameter of 40 cm and a Forel-Ule color scale. The Secchi depth (SD) was recorded as a relative measure of water clarity at each in situ station during day time. At half SD the apparent color of the water above the submerged Secchi disc was determined using the Forel-Ule color scale. A Forel-Ule color scale is a classic tools used to differentiate the percieved color of water based on a scale from 1 (indigo blue) to 21 (cola brown). The measurements were conducted as recemmend in literature (Garaba and Zielinski, 2015; Wernand, 2011; Wernand and van der Woerd, 2010).

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