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Pore-water pH, H2S, Cl-, SO42-, SiO2, NO2-, PO43-, NH4+, NO3-, major and trace element data from MUC cores taken during RV HEINCKE cruises HE575 and HE595 in the Helgoland Mud Area, German Bight

This dataset includes downcore measurements of pH values, H2S, Cl-, SO42-, SiO2, NO2-, PO43-, NH4+, NO3-, As, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, P, Si and Sr concentrations for sediment cores retrieved using multi-corer sampling during RV Heincke expeditions HE575 and HE595 in 2021 and 2022, respectively. The samples were collected in the framework of the Project APOC (Anthropogenic impacts on particulate organic carbon cycling in the North Sea). All measurements were performed in the laboratories of the Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI) in Bremerhaven, Germany, except pH values, which were determined onboard the research vessel.

Updated global compilation of coccolithophore calcification measurements from unperturbed water samples including ancillary data

This database expands the Poulton et al., 2018 (doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.888182) database of pelagic calcium carbonate (CP) rate measurements from isotopic tracer uptake in incubated discrete water samples, as discussed in Daniels et al., 2018 (doi:10.5194/essd-10-1859-2018), and accompanies Marsh et al. (in prep.). The database now includes more CP (new data n = 400; complete database n = 3165), net primary production rate (PP) (new data n = 399; complete database n = 3150), total coccolithophore cell counts (new data n = 240; complete database n = 1512), and Emiliania huxleyi cell counts (new data n = 27; complete database n = 612). This expanded database maintains the record of data, including the principal investigator, expedition, OS region, doi reference (where available), collection date and year, sample ID, latitude, longitude, sampling and light depth, and method of measuring CP. We further expand the Poulton et al. (2018) data collection by including ancillary and environmental data, including: optical depth (OD, n = 3165), pHtotal (hereinafter referred to as pHT, n = 398), temperature (n = 1160), salinity (n = 1161), and the concentrations of chlorophyll a (n = 1363), NOx (NO3 or the sum of NO3 + NO2, n = 1161), silicic acid (Si(OH)4, n= 1156), phosphate (PO4, n = 1232), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC, n = 318), total alkalinity (TA, n = 307), bicarbonate ion concentration (n = 349), and carbonate ion concentration (n = 352). All data was matched to CP, sample bottle identifiers (Niskin bottle numbers), and/or sampling depth values. This global database (81 °N - 64 °S, 132 °E - 174 °W) now covers expeditions and upper ocean measurements (0 - 193 m) from 1989 to 2024. Global in-situ geolocated data spanning time is valuable for modelling, satellite algorithms, and capturing calcium carbonate production in the global ocean. This expanded database, including the environmental, nutrient, chlorophyll a, and carbonate chemistry data, also allows for analysis of factors influencing calcium carbonate production on a global scale. This data amalgamation contributes to understanding the biogeochemistry of the oceans, global carbon cycle, and ocean acidification.

Karte der oberflächennahen Rohstoffe der Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1:200.000 (KOR200) - CC 7126 Nürnberg

Die Karte oberflächennaher Rohstoffe 1:200.000 (KOR 200) ist ein Kartenwerk, das gemeinsam von der Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe und den Staatlichen Geologischen Diensten der Länder (SGD) im Auftrag des Bundesministers für Wirtschaft und Arbeit auf Beschluss der Länderwirtschafts­minister vom 22. Juni 1984 erarbeitet wird. Das Kartenwerk folgt dem Blattschnitt der topographischen Übersichtskarte 1:200.000 (TÜK 200) und besteht aus 55 Kartenblättern mit jeweils einem Erläuterungsheft. Es erfolgt eine Bestandsaufnahme, Beschreibung, Darstellung und Dokumentation der Vorkommen und Lagerstätten von mineralischen Rohstoffe, die üblicherweise im Tagebau bzw. an oder nahe der Erdoberfläche gewonnen werden. Im Besonderen sind dies Industrieminerale, Steine und Erden, Torfe, Braunkohle, Ölschiefer und Solen. Die Darstellung der oberflächennahen Rohstoffe und die zusätzlichen schriftlichen Informationen sind für die Erarbeitung überregionaler, bundesweiter Planungsunterlagen, die die Nutzung oberflächennaher mineralischer Rohstoffe berühren, unentbehrlich. Auf der Karte sind neben den umgrenzten, je nach Rohstoff farblich unterschiedlich dargestellten Lagerstätten- bzw. Rohstoffflächen "Abbaustellen" (=Betriebe) bzw. "Schwerpunkte mehrerer Abbaustellen" mit je einem Symbol dargestellt. Die Eintragungen in der Karte werden ergänzt durch Texterläuterungen. Die Erläuterungsbände haben üblicherweise einen Umfang von 40 - 80 Seiten und sind derzeit nur in der gedruckten Ausgabe der Karte verfügbar. Der Text ist gegliedert in: - Einführung - Beschreibung der Lagerstätten und Vorkommen nutzbarer Gesteine - Rohstoffwirtschaftliche Bewertung der Lagerstätten und Vorkommen oberflächennaher Rohstoffe im Blattgebiet - Verwertungsmöglichkeiten der im Blattgebiet vorkommenden nutzbaren Gesteine - Schriftenverzeichnis - Anhang (u. a. mit Generallegende und Blattübersicht) Die KOR 200 stellt somit die Rohstoffpotentiale in Deutschland in bundesweit vergleichbarer Weise dar und liefert eine Grundlage für künftige Such- und Erkundungsarbeiten sowie einen Beitrag zur Sicherung der Rohstoffversorgung.

CO2-Sequestrierung kleinerer Emittenten in kalzium- und magnesiumhaltigen Rohstoffen/Produkten - Seq-kalz

Natural ocean alkalinization through erosion of glacial till and weathering at the seafloor: solid phase data from AL543

Climate change-driven deglaciation and erosion in high-latitude regions enhance the flux of terrigenous material to the coastal ocean. Newly exposed land surfaces left behind by retreating glaciers are covered by glacial till, which is rich in fine-grained minerals. Many of these minerals are undersaturated in seawater and thus prone to dissolution (i.e., seafloor weathering). Consequently, intensified erosion and mineral weathering may act as an additional CO₂ sink while supplying alkalinity to coastal waters. To evaluate this hypothesis, we carried out a sediment geochemical study in the southwestern Baltic Sea, where coastal erosion of glacial till is the dominant source of terrigenous material to offshore depocenters. We analyzed glacial till from coastal cliffs, sediments, and pore waters for major element composition using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy and an elemental analyzer. Water samples were further analyzed for dissolved redox species and dissolved silica by photometry and ion chromatography. These data were then used to quantify mineral dissolution and precipitation processes and to assess their net effect on inorganic carbon cycling.

Inorganic geochemistry of sedimentary rocks in the catchment of river Thuringian Saale during the last 600 Ma

A literature retrieval was performed for whole rock geochemical analyses of sedimentary, magmatic and metamorphic rocks in the catchment of River Thuringian Saale for the past 600 Ma. Considering availability and coincidence with paleontological an facies data the following indicators seem suitable to detect environmental and climatic changes: biogenic P for Paleoproductivity, STI Index for weathering intensity, Ni/Co-ratio for redox conditions, relative enrichments of Co, Ba and Rb versus crustal values for volcanic activity at varying differentiation. The Mg/Ca-ratio as proxy for salinity is applicable in evaporites. The binary plot Nb/Y versus Zr/TiO2 indicates a presently eroded volcanic level of the Bohemian Massif as catchment area for the Middle Bunter, whereas higly differentiated volcanics provided source material for Neoproterozoic greywackes. A positive Eu-anomaly is limited to the Lower Bunter and implies mafic source rocks perhaps formerly located in the Bohemian Massif.

KOSMOS 2023 Helgoland mesocosm study on ocean alkalinity enhancement: dissolved inorganic nutrients, chlorophyll a and suspended particulate organic matter

We conducted a mesocosm study to investigate ecosystem responses to ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) in the temperate waters of the German North Sea on Helgoland in spring 2023. We simulated non-CO2-equilibrated OAE via calcium hydroxide through the addition of calcium chloride and sodium hydroxide. Twelve 6 m³ mesocosms were used to simulate two scenarios: in six mesocosms we established a gradient of added alkalinity from 0 to 1250 µmol/kg in increments of 250 µmol/kg, simulating immediate (imm) dilution of alkalised waters. For the second set of six mesocosms, alkalinity was added only to the top 1 m of each mesocosm, doubling the target added alkalinity. The top layer was mixed with the untreated bottom layer after 48 hours, simulating delayed dilution of alkalised waters (del) and ultimately leading to the same alkalinity gradient as the immediate dilution treatment. This data contains water column biogeochemical variables, including dissolved inorganic nutrient concentrations (µmol/L), chlorophyll a concentrations (µg/L) and suspended particulate matter (biogenic silica, particulate organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphate; µmol/L). Nutrients, particulate organic phosphate and biogenic silica were measured spectrophotometrically (Unicam UV 300, Thermo Spectronic, USA). High-performance liquid chromatography (Thermo Scientific HPLC Ultimate 3000) was performed for chlorophyll a determination and particulate organic carbon and nitrogen were measured using an elemental analyser (Flash EA, Thermo Fisher).

Elementkarte der Digitalen Lithogeochemischen Karte von Bayern 1:25.000 (dLGK25) - Siliziumdioxid (P50)

Die Elementkarte stellt die räumliche Verteilung der klassifizierten Gehalte des 50. Perzentils von Siliziumdioxid (in Gew.-%) innerhalb der 184 geochemischen Gesteinseinheiten in Bayern dar. In die Auswertung gehen dabei nur die Daten der ersten (von maximal drei) Lithologien einer geochemischen Gesteinseinheit ein. Für Informationen im Hinblick auf die Auswertung der Daten sowie auf die kartenmäßige Darstellung wird auf die Metadaten der digitalen Lithogeochemischen Karte 1:25 000 von Bayern (dLGK25) verwiesen.

Elementkarte der Digitalen Lithogeochemischen Karte von Bayern 1:25.000 (dLGK25) - Siliziumdioxid (P90)

Die Elementkarte stellt die räumliche Verteilung der klassifizierten Gehalte des 90. Perzentils von Siliziumdioxid (in Gew.-%) innerhalb der 184 geochemischen Gesteinseinheiten in Bayern dar. In die Auswertung gehen dabei nur die Daten der ersten (von maximal drei) Lithologien einer geochemischen Gesteinseinheit ein. Für Informationen im Hinblick auf die Auswertung der Daten sowie auf die kartenmäßige Darstellung wird auf die Metadaten der digitalen Lithogeochemischen Karte 1:25 000 von Bayern (dLGK25) verwiesen.

KOSMOS 2023 Helgoland mesocosm study on ocean alkalinity enhancement: sediment trap particle flux data and water column biogeochemistry

The data presented herein originates from a mesocosm study conducted as part of the BMBF CDRmare, Retake project (grant agreement no. 03F0895A), aimed at investigating the ecological ramifications of ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE). Twelve mesocosms were deployed in Helgoland South Harbor, Germany, and systematically sampled using integrated water samplers over the period spanning from March 12th to April 20th, 2023. Six alkalinity levels under two dilution scenarios were established to differentiate between localized and uniform OAE additions. Alkalinity was increased stepwise to ΔTAmax = 1250 μmol kg-1 (250 μmol TA kg-1 increments) using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with calcium chloride (CaCl2) to simulate cation release during calcium-based mineral dissolution, causing strong carbonate chemistry perturbations (e.g., pHT > 9.25). The dataset encompasses a spectrum of sediment trap particle flux data, water column biogeochemistry including pigment variables, inorganic nutrients, carbonate chemistry parameters. The study and data set offer insights into impacts of alkalinity enhancement on marine ecosystems and their associated biogeochemistry.

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