Other language confidence: 0.5623832997602402
The ISND05 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (I): Observational data (Binary coded) - BUFR T1T2 (IS): Surface/sea level T1T2A1 (ISN): Synoptic observations from fixed land stations at non-standard time (i.e. 0100, 0200, 0400, 0500, ... UTC) A2 (D): 90°E - 0° northern hemisphere(The bulletin collects reports from stations: 10161;Boltenhagen;10168;Goldberg;10180;Barth;10193;Ueckermünde;10210;Friesoythe-Altenoythe;10235;Soltau;10249;Boizenburg;10261;Seehausen;10267;Kyritz;10281;Trollenhagen;10282;Feldberg/Mecklenburg;10289;Grünow;10305;Lingen;10309;Ahaus;10312;Belm;) (Remarks from Volume-C: SYNOP)
The SISN01 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (S): Surface data T1T2 (SI): Intermediate synoptic hour A1A2 (SN): Sweden (Remarks from Volume-C: NilReason)
The ISND20 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (I): Observational data (Binary coded) - BUFR T1T2 (IS): Surface/sea level T1T2A1 (ISN): Synoptic observations from fixed land stations at non-standard time (i.e. 0100, 0200, 0400, 0500, ... UTC) A2 (D): 90°E - 0° northern hemisphere (Remarks from Volume-C: NilReason)
The SNLV41 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (S): Surface data T1T2 (SN): Non-standard synoptic hour A1A2 (LV): Latvia (Remarks from Volume-C: NilReason)
The ISND03 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (I): Observational data (Binary coded) - BUFR T1T2 (IS): Surface/sea level T1T2A1 (ISN): Synoptic observations from fixed land stations at non-standard time (i.e. 01, 02, 04, 05, ... UTC) A2 (D): 90°E - 0° northern hemisphere (The bulletin collects reports from stations: 10609;Trier-Petrisberg;10616;Hahn;10641;Offenbach-Wetterpark;10655;Würzburg;10675;Bamberg;10688;Weiden;10708;Saarbrücken-Ensheim;10729;Mannheim;10731;Rheinstetten;10742;Öhringen;10776;Regensburg;10791;Großer Arber;10805;Lahr;10815;Freudenstadt;10836;Stötten;10870;München-Flughafen;10895;Fürstenzell;10908;Feldberg/Schwarzwald;10929;Konstanz;10948;Oberstdorf;10961;Zugspitze;10962;Hohenpeißenberg;) (Remarks from Volume-C: SYNOP)
The ISID10 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (I): Observational data (Binary coded) - BUFR T1T2 (IS): Surface/sea level T1T2A1 (ISI): Intermediate synoptic observations from fixed land stations A2 (D): 90°E - 0° northern hemisphere(The bulletin collects reports from stations: 10033;Glücksburg-Meierwik;10037;Schleswig-Jagel;10038;Hohn;10067;Marienleuchte;10126;Wittmundhafen;10136;Nordholz (Flugplatz);10172;Laage (Flugplatz);10238;Bergen;10246;Faßberg;10304;Meppen;10334;Wunstorf;10335;Bückeburg;10439;Fritzlar (Flugplatz);10476;Holzdorf (Flugplatz);10500;Geilenkirchen (Flugplatz);10502;Nörvenich (Flugplatz);10516;Koblenz (Falkensteinkaserne);10613;Büchel (Flugplatz);10618;Idar-Oberstein;10743;Niederstetten;10771;Kümmersbruck;10837;Laupheim;10853;Neuburg/Donau (Flugplatz);10856;Lechfeld;10857;Landsberg (Flugplatz);10860;Ingolstadt (Flugplatz);10954;Altenstadt;) (Remarks from Volume-C: SYNOP)
The development of sustainable and efficient energy conversion processes at interfaces is at the center of the rapidly growing field of basic energy science. How successful this challenge can be addressed will ultimately depend on the acquired degree of molecular-level understanding. In this respect, the severe knowledge gap in electro- or photocatalytic conversions compared to corresponding thermal processes in heterogeneous catalysis is staggering. This discrepancy is most blatant in the present status of predictive-quality, viz. first-principles based modelling in the two fields, which largely owes to multifactorial methodological issues connected with the treatment of the electrochemical environment and the description of the surface redox chemistry driven by the photo-excited charges or external potentials.Successfully tackling these complexities will advance modelling methodology in (photo)electrocatalysis to a similar level as already established in heterogeneous catalysis, with an impact that likely even supersedes the one seen there in the last decade. A corresponding method development is the core objective of the present proposal, with particular emphasis on numerically efficient approaches that will ultimately allow to reach comprehensive microkinetic formulations. Synergistically combining the methodological expertise of the two participating groups we specifically aim to implement and advance implicit and mixed implicit/explicit solvation models, as well as QM/MM approaches to describe energy-related processes at solid-liquid interfaces. With the clear objective to develop general-purpose methodology we will illustrate their use with applications to hydrogen generation through water splitting. Disentangling the electro- resp. photocatalytic effect with respect to the corresponding dark reaction, this concerns both the hydrogen evolution reaction at metal electrodes like Pt and direct water splitting at oxide photocatalysts like TiO2. Through this we expect to arrive at a detailed mechanistic understanding that will culminate in the formulation of comprehensive microkinetic models of the light- or potential-driven redox process. Evaluating these models with kinetic Monte Carlo simulations will unambiguously identify the rate-determining and overpotential-creating steps and therewith provide the basis for a rational optimization of the overall process. As such our study will provide a key example of how systematic method development in computational approaches to basic energy sciences leads to breakthrough progress and serves both fundamental understanding and cutting-edge application.
Multibeam data were collected during RV Polarstern cruise PS151 (2025-11-13 to 2025-12-12). Multibeam sonar system was Atlas Hydrographic Hydrosweep DS 3 multibeam echo sounder. Data are processed with Caris HIPS, including sound velocity correction with SV data from CTDs and World Ocean Atlas 23 (https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/NCEI-WOA23), tidal correction with TPXO9_atlas_v5 (https://www.tpxo.net), and manual cleaning. The soundings are combined in daily files, the format is XYZ ASCII (<Lon> <Lat> <Depth in meters, positive up, relative to mean sea level>). Additional grids have been computed with depth dependent cell size to visualize the data. These grids are not meant for scientific analysis or navigation, but for overview purposes only.
Multibeam data were collected with RV Polarstern along the route of cruise PS151 and data acquisition was almost continuously monitored during the survey. Multibeam sonar system was Teledyne/Atlas Hydrosweep DS3. SVPs were retrieved from CTD data and synthetic profiles from World Ocean Atlas 23. SVPs were processed with HydrOffice SoundSpeedManager (https://www.hydroffice.org/soundspeed/main) and extended with World Ocean Atlas 23 (https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/NCEI-WOA23). SVP data were applied during acquisition. Multibeam data are unprocessed and may contain outliers and blunders and should not be used for grid calculations and charting projects without further editing. The raw multibeam sonar data in Teledyne Reson multibeam processing format (.s7k) were recorded with Teledyne PDS software. Raw data files can be processed using software packages like CARIS HIPS/SIPS. For updated vessel configuration files check further details.
The ISND40 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (I): Observational data (Binary coded) - BUFR T1T2 (IS): Surface/sea level T1T2A1 (ISN): Synoptic observations from fixed land stations at non-standard time (i.e. 0100, 0200, 0400, 0500, ... UTC) A2 (D): 90°E - 0° northern hemisphere (Remarks from Volume-C: NilReason)
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