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Sentinel-5P TROPOMI – Cloud Optical Thickness (COT), Level 3 – Global

This product displays the Cloud Optical Thickness (COT) around the globe. Clouds play a crucial role in the Earth's climate system and have significant effects on trace gas retrievals. The cloud optical thickness is retrieved from the O2-A band using the ROCINN algorithm. The TROPOMI instrument aboard the SENTINEL-5P space craft is a nadir-viewing, imaging spectrometer covering wavelength bands between the ultraviolet and the shortwave infra-red. TROPOMI's purpose is to measure atmospheric properties and constituents. It is contributing to monitoring air quality and providing critical information to services and decision makers. The instrument uses passive remote sensing techniques by measuring the Top Of Atmosphere (TOA) solar radiation reflected by and radiated from the earth and its atmosphere. The four spectrometers of TROPOMI cover the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS), Near Infra-Red (NIR) and Short Wavelength Infra-Red (SWIR) domains of the electromagnetic spectrum, allowing operational retrieval of the following trace gas constituents: Ozone (O3), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Formaldehyde (HCHO), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Methane (CH4). Within the INPULS project, innovative algorithms and processors for the generation of Level 3 and Level 4 products, improved data discovery and access technologies as well as server-side analytics for the users are developed.

Sentinel-5P TROPOMI – Ozone (O3), Level 3 – Global

Ozone vertical column density in Dobson Units as derived from Sentinel-5P/TROPOMI observations. The stratospheric ozone layer protects the biosphere from harmful solar ultraviolet radiation. Ozone in troposphere can pose risks to the health of humans, animals, and vegetation. The TROPOMI instrument aboard the SENTINEL-5P space craft is a nadir-viewing, imaging spectrometer covering wavelength bands between the ultraviolet and the shortwave infra-red. TROPOMI's purpose is to measure atmospheric properties and constituents. It is contributing to monitoring air quality and providing critical information to services and decision makers. The instrument uses passive remote sensing techniques by measuring the Top Of Atmosphere (TOA) solar radiation reflected by and radiated from the earth and its atmosphere. The four spectrometers of TROPOMI cover the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS), Near Infra-Red (NIR) and Short Wavelength Infra-Red (SWIR) domains of the electromagnetic spectrum, allowing operational retrieval of the following trace gas constituents: Ozone (O3), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Formaldehyde (HCHO), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Methane (CH4). Daily observations are binned onto a regular latitude-longitude grid. Within the INPULS project, innovative algorithms and processors for the generation of Level 3 and Level 4 products, improved data discovery and access technologies as well as server-side analytics for the users are developed.

METOP GOME-2 - Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) - Global

Gridded Level 3 SO2 total column densities derived from the Metop/GOME-2-instruments. Volcanoes are the largest soures of SO2 in the atmosphere, depending on the erruption the Sulfurous compounds can be injected into stratosphere but in most cases it stays within the troposphere. Another important source is the coal combustion. Desulfurisation facilities within the power stations have reduced the sulfur emissions around the globe. In the stratosphere sulfur is a key component for building up aerosols, which reflect parts of the solar irradiation. The total SO2 column is retrieved from GOME solar back-scattered measurements in the ultraviolet wavelength region [using the DOAS method]. Depending on the plume SO2 can be a very strong absorber, because of that the ODAS retrieval might have some smaller issues, they can be reduced by choosing different wavelenght ranges depending on the signal. We apply three different fitting windows between 310 and 360nm. For the AMF, we assume a plumeheight of 6 km altitude. The Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 (GOME-2) instrument continues the long-term monitoring of atmospheric trace gas constituents started with GOME / ERS-2 and SCIAMACHY / Envisat. Three instruments operate on board EUMETSAT's Meteorological Operational satellites MetOp-A, -B, and -C, launched in 2006, 2012, and 2018, respectively. GOME-2 measures a range of atmospheric trace constituents, with the emphasis on global ozone distribution. Furthermore, cloud properties and intensities of ultraviolet radiation are retrieved. These data are crucial for monitoring the atmospheric composition and the detection of pollutants. DLR generates operational GOME-2 / MetOp products in the framework of EUMETSAT's Satellite Application Facility on Atmospheric Composition Monitoring (AC-SAF).

Abgasreinigung bei Schweinemastanlagen - ein Beitrag zur Senkung von Schadstoffemissionen aus der Landwirtschaft

Die aus der Emission von Schadstoffen aus Schweineställen resultierende Umweltbelastung ist vor allem auf Geruch, Staub, Methan, Kohlendioxid, Ammoniak, Schwefelwasserstoff und über 100 weitere Spurengase zurückzuführen. Zur Minderung dieser Emissionen dient eine Abgasreinigungsanlage, die modular aus einer chemischen Wäsche und einer Biofiltration im Pilotanlagen-Maßstab zusammengesetzt ist. In dem beantragten Projekt werden durch experimentelle und theoretische Untersuchungen die Erlangung von Kenntnissen über grundlegende Zusammenhänge dabei und die weiterführende Minimierung der Schad- und Geruchsstoffkonzentrationen im Abgas angestrebt. Die experimentellen Untersuchungen zur genaueren Charakterisierung des Anlagenverhaltens und der ablaufenden Prozesse gliedern sich in zwei Schwerpunktbereiche: Der erste umfasst die Prozesse im chemischen Wäscher, insbesondere Staubeintrag, -beschaffenheit, -Abscheidegrad und Adsorptionsvermögen des Staubes - dabei steht der Zusammenhang zwischen Staubeintrag und Geruchsminderungsgrad im Mittelpunkt - sowie die Parameterbestimmung für eine Modellierung und Simulation. Der zweite Schwerpunkt liegt auf dem Bereich Langzeitmonitoring der Abgasreinigungsanlage - insbesondere hinsichtlich der Wirkungsgradabhängigkeiten und der Einflussgrößen auf die Verfahrensstabilität. Die Modellierung und Simulation der gesamten Reinigungsanlage durch Adaption verfahrensspezifischer Zusammenhänge soll Vorhersagen für verschiedene apparative Ausgangssituationen und verfahrenstechnische Einstellungen liefern.

PHILEAS (Untersuchung des Transport aus dem asiatischen Sommermonsun in hohe Breiten)

PHILEAS (Probing high latitude export of air from the Asian summer monsoon)Die asiatische Sommermonsun Antizyklone (AMA) während des Nordsommers wird als ein Haupttransportweg in die obere Troposphäre / untere Stratosphäre (UTLS) für troposphärische Luftmassen, die viel H2O und Aerosolvorläufergase und Verschmutzung enthalten, gesehen. Neuere Beobachtungen zeigen eine große Bedeutung des Transports von Ammoniumnitrat durch die AMA für das Aerosolbudget und die asiatische Tropopausenaerosolschicht (ATAL), wahrscheinlich auch mit Konsequenzen für die Zirrenbildung.Neuere flugzeuggetragene Messkampagnen konnten die Zusammensetzung und Aerosolgehalt im Inneren der AMA charakterisieren oder werden in unmittelbarer Nähe Messungen erheben. Im Gegensatz dazu wurde der Einfluss von monsungeprägten Luftmassen auf die Gesamtzusammensetzung der nördlichen untersten Stratosphäre, z.B. bei HALO Mesungen nachgewiesen. Allerdings gibt es bisher keine Studie, die den Übergang der AMA Luftmassen in die extratropische unterste Stratosphäre (LMS) und die Konsequenzen für Aerosolprozessierung und Zusammensetzung zeigt. Im Rahmen der früheren HALO Missionen TACTS/ESMVal und WISE hat sich gezeigt, dass der nördliche Zentralpazifik eine Schlüsselregion für diesen Übergang ist.Beobachtungen und Modelldaten zeigen eine besondere Bedeutung des sogenannten ‘eddy-sheddings‘ für die Befeuchtung der nördlichen UTLS an. Diese Eddies stellen isolierte dynamische Anomalien dar, die sich von der AMA gelöst haben und mit der Hintergrundströmung in der Atmosphäre zu zirkulieren beginnen. Die chemische Zusammensetzung der Eddies ist zunächst isoliert von ihrer Umgebung. Dynamische und diabatische Prozesse erodieren jedoch diese Anomalien und führen zu einer allmählichen Vermischung mit dem stratosphärischen Hintergrund.Weitere Transportpfade beeinflussen die Zusammensetzung der UTLS über dem Pazifik im Sommer: i) quasi-horizontales Mischen über den Subtropenjet ii) konvektiver Eintrag tropischer Taifune, die in die Extratropen wandern können iii) Wettersysteme der mittleren Breiten. Bei PHILEAS ist geplant, die relative Bedeutung verschiedener Prozesse für die Gasphasen und Aerosolzusammensetzung der UTLS zu untersuchen. Dabei soll insbesondere die dynamische und chemische Entwicklung ehemaliger AMA Filamente untersucht werden, die sich von der AMA abgespalten haben und über dem Pazifik aus der Troposphäre in die Stratosphäre übergehen.Insgesamt ergeben sich drei Hauptthemen, die die PHILEAS Mission motivieren:1) Welche Haupttransportpfade, Zeitskalen und Prozesse dominieren den Transport aus der AMA in die unterste Stratosphäre?2) Wie entwickeln sich Zusammensetzung der Gasphase und der Aerosole während des Transports speziell durch die 'shed eddies'?3) Welche Bedeutung hat der Prozess der Wirbelablösung für das globale Budget der UTLS speziell von H2O und infrarot-aktiven Substanzen?

ACTRIS-D Central Facilities, Teilprojekt 5 (IUP-CF): Aufbau der zentralen ACTRIS Kalibriereinrichtung für die Messung atmosphärischer Spurenstoffgehalte mithilfe der FTIR Spektrometrie (CREGARS-FTIR-DE)

Sentinel-5P TROPOMI Surface Nitrogendioxide (NO2), Level 4 – Regional (Germany and neighboring countries)

The TROPOMI instrument onboard the Copernicus SENTINEL-5 Precursor satellite is a nadir-viewing, imaging spectrometer that provides global measurements of atmospheric properties and constituents on a daily basis. It is contributing to monitoring air quality and climate, providing critical information to services and decision makers. The instrument uses passive remote sensing techniques by measuring the top of atmosphere solar radiation reflected by and radiated from the earth and its atmosphere. The four spectrometers of TROPOMI cover the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS), Near Infra-Red (NIR) and Short Wavelength Infra-Red (SWIR) domains of the electromagnetic spectrum. The operational trace gas products generated at DLR on behave ESA are: Ozone (O3), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Formaldehyde (HCHO), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Methane (CH4), together with clouds and aerosol properties. This product displays the Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) near surface concentration for Germany and neighboring countries as derived from the POLYPHEMUS/DLR air quality model. Surface NO2 is mainly generated by anthropogenic sources, e.g. transport and industry. POLYPHEMUS/DLR is a state-of-the-art air quality model taking into consideration - meteorological conditions, - photochemistry, - anthropogenic and natural (biogenic) emissions, - TROPOMI NO2 observations for data assimilation. This Level 4 air quality product (surface NO2 at 15:00 UTC) is based on innovative algorithms, processors, data assimilation schemes and operational processing and dissemination chain developed in the framework of the INPULS project. The DLR project INPULS develops (a) innovative retrieval algorithms and processors for the generation of value-added products from the atmospheric Copernicus missions Sentinel-5 Precursor, Sentinel-4, and Sentinel-5, (b) cloud-based (re)processing systems, (c) improved data discovery and access technologies as well as server-side analytics for the users, and (d) data visualization services.

Sentinel-5P TROPOMI - Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD), Level 3 - Global

Aerosol optical depth (AOD) as derived from TROPOMI observations. AOD describes the attenuation of the transmitted radiant power by the absence of aerosols. Attenuation can be caused by absorption and/or scattering. AOD is the primary parameter to evaluate the impact of aerosols on weather and climate. Daily AOD observations are binned onto a regular latitude-longitude grid. The TROPOMI instrument onboard the Copernicus SENTINEL-5 Precursor satellite is a nadir-viewing, imaging spectrometer that provides global measurements of atmospheric properties and constituents on a daily basis. It is contributing to monitoring air quality and climate, providing critical information to services and decision makers. The instrument uses passive remote sensing techniques by measuring the top of atmosphere solar radiation reflected by and radiated from the earth and its atmosphere. The four spectrometers of TROPOMI cover the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS), Near Infra-Red (NIR) and Short Wavelength Infra-Red (SWIR) domains of the electromagnetic spectrum. The operational trace gas products generated at DLR on behave ESA are: Ozone (O3), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Formaldehyde (HCHO), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Methane (CH4), together with clouds and aerosol properties. This product is created in the scope of the project INPULS. It develops (a) innovative retrieval algorithms and processors for the generation of value-added products from the atmospheric Copernicus missions Sentinel-5 Precursor, Sentinel-4, and Sentinel-5, (b) cloud-based (re)processing systems, (c) improved data discovery and access technologies as well as server-side analytics for the users, and (d) data visualization services.

Sentinel-5P TROPOMI – Cloud Fraction (CF), Level 3 – Global

Global Cloud Fraction (CF). Clouds play a crucial role in the Earth's climate system and have significant effects on trace gas retrievals. The radiometric cloud fraction is retrieved from the UV using the OCRA algorithm. Daily observations are binned onto a regular latitude-longitude grid. The TROPOMI instrument aboard the SENTINEL-5P space craft is a nadir-viewing, imaging spectrometer covering wavelength bands between the ultraviolet and the shortwave infra-red. TROPOMI's purpose is to measure atmospheric properties and constituents. It is contributing to monitoring air quality and providing critical information to services and decision makers. The instrument uses passive remote sensing techniques by measuring the Top Of Atmosphere (TOA) solar radiation reflected by and radiated from the earth and its atmosphere. The four spectrometers of TROPOMI cover the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS), Near Infra-Red (NIR) and Short Wavelength Infra-Red (SWIR) domains of the electromagnetic spectrum, allowing operational retrieval of the following trace gas constituents: Ozone (O3), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Formaldehyde (HCHO), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Methane (CH4). Within the INPULS project, innovative algorithms and processors for the generation of Level 3 and Level 4 products, improved data discovery and access technologies as well as server-side analytics for the users are developed.

Sentinel-5P TROPOMI – Cloud-Top Height (CTH), Level 3 – Global

Global Cloud-Top Height (CTH) as derived from the Sentinel-5P/TROPOMI instrument. Clouds play a crucial role in the Earth's climate system and have significant effects on trace gas retrievals. The cloud-top height is retrieved from the O2-A band using the ROCINN algorithm. Daily observations are binned onto a regular latitude-longitude grid. The TROPOMI instrument aboard the SENTINEL-5P space craft is a nadir-viewing, imaging spectrometer covering wavelength bands between the ultraviolet and the shortwave infra-red. TROPOMI's purpose is to measure atmospheric properties and constituents. It is contributing to monitoring air quality and providing critical information to services and decision makers. The instrument uses passive remote sensing techniques by measuring the Top Of Atmosphere (TOA) solar radiation reflected by and radiated from the earth and its atmosphere. The four spectrometers of TROPOMI cover the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS), Near Infra-Red (NIR) and Short Wavelength Infra-Red (SWIR) domains of the electromagnetic spectrum, allowing operational retrieval of the following trace gas constituents: Ozone (O3), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Formaldehyde (HCHO), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Methane (CH4). Within the INPULS project, innovative algorithms and processors for the generation of Level 3 and Level 4 products, improved data discovery and access technologies as well as server-side analytics for the users are developed.

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