This dataset contains ESRI shapefiles of mapped glacial landforms, i.e., initial cirques, cirques, moraines, and moraine crests in the region formerly occupied by the former Haslach glacier in the southern Black Forest (48° N, 8° E WGS 1984), south-west Germany. The last glaciation maximum ice extent of the former Haslach glacier, inferred from ice-marginal moraines, is also provided. Geomorphological mapping was undertaken for the selection of suitable sites for beryllium-10 surface exposure dating of moraine-boulder surfaces for the establishment of a regional glacier chronology. The mapping of glacial landforms in the region formerly occupied by the former Haslach glacier in the southern Black Forest involved the interpretation of derivatives of the high-resolution DGM1 digital elevation model (xy-resolution: 1 m) of the State Agency for Geoinformation and Land Development (LGL) of the state of Baden-Württemberg, freely available at: https://opengeodata.lgl-bw.de/#/(sidenav:product/3) (last access: 6 February 2025), coupled with extensive field campaigns in 2020-2022 CE. To achieve the greatest possible accuracy during the mapping of glacial landforms, exposures were inspected, if available. The shapefiles can be opened with open-source geographic information system software. The coordinate reference system of the shapefiles is EPSG 25832: ETRS89 / UTM Zone 32N (https://epsg.io/25832, last access: 6 February 2025).
This data set presents the reconstructed vegetation cover for 2773 sites based on harmonized pollen data from the data set LegacyPollen 2.0 (https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.965907). 1040 sites are located in North America, 1287 in Europe, and 446 in Asia. Sugita's REVEALS model (2007) was applied to all pollen records using REVEALSinR from the DISQOVER package (Theuerkauf et al. 2016). Pollen counts were translated into vegetation cover by accounting for taxon-specific pollen productivity and fall speed. Additionally, relevant source areas of pollen were calculated using the aforementioned taxon-specific parameters and a Gaussian plume model for deposition and dispersal. Values for relative pollen productivity and fall speed from the synthesis from Wiezcorek and Herzschuh (2010) were updated with recent studies used to reconstruct vegetation cover. The average values from all Northern Hemisphere values were used where taxon-specific continental values were unavailable. As REVEALS was conceived to reconstruct vegetation from large lakes, only records originating from large lakes (>= 50h) are marked as "valid as site" in the dataset. Reconstructions from other records can be used when spatially averaging several together. An example script to do so is provided on Zenodo (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12800290). Reconstructed tree cover was validated using modern Landsat remote sensing forest cover. Reconstructed tree cover has much lower errors than the original arboreal pollen percentages. Reconstructions of individual taxa are more uncertain. We present tables with reconstructed vegetation cover for all continents with original parameters. As further details, we list a table with the taxon-specific parameters used, metadata for all records, and a list of parameters adjusted in the default version of REVEALSinR.
Fragmentation of the natural environment has contributed to major biodiversity loss in South East Asia. Reptiles represent a significant biomass and occupy important functions in our ecosystem. However, these organisms are highly sensitive to relatively minor changes in temperature and habitat alteration. In this study we will investigate the effects of habitat fragmentation and potentially climate change on agamids at several sites in Southeast Asia. We will identify the species richness of agamids, their habitat use, and their diet. By using morphometrics, we aim to correlate morphology and habitat use and diet to explore the ecological niches these lizards occupy. We will also test for microhabitat preferences and optima to understand the ecological impacts on these species caused by forest fragmentation. We hope to use this approach to lay the foundations for macro-ecological modelling proving insights into future distributions and the impact of habitat connectivity.
An zwei Beispielen sollen im Rahmen der Vorstudie regionalplanerische Verfahren und Instrumente zur Mengensteuerung der Flächeninanspruchnahme weiter entwickelt werden. Der interkommunale Austausch von Flächen bzw. Flächenausweisungsrechten soll dabei als Option mit einbezogen werden. Ausgangslage: Nach wie vor sind verstärkte Anstrengungen auf allen Ebenen notwendig, um das 30 ha-Ziel der Bundesregierung bis 2020 zu erreichen. Da die Angebotsplanung der Kommunen eine wichtige Grundlage der Inanspruchnahme von Flächen ist, kommt der Regionalplanung eine wichtige Rolle bei der Begrenzung der Flächeninanspruchnahme für Siedlungsflächen (Wohnbauflächen, gewerblich-industrielle Flächen) zu. Genehmigte Regionalpläne bilden mit ihren Grundsätzen oder Zielen Planungsgrundlagen für die Gemeinden, die im Rahmen ihrer kommunalen Bauleitplanung bei der Abwägung zu berücksichtigen oder strikt zu beachten sind. Gleichzeitig sind bundesweit in allen Regionalplänen Hinweise auf den interkommunalen Austausch oder die interkommunale Zusammenarbeit enthalten. Erste Gespräche mit verschiedenen Regionalplanungsbehörden zeigten, dass der vorgesehene interkommunale Austausch konkreter Flächen in der Regel auf kommunale Vorbehalte stößt und der Vor- und Nachteilsausgleich unauflösbar zu sein scheint. Daher soll der Fokus des Modellvorhabens auch auf andere Instrumente der Regionalplanung (positiv-allokative und negativ-restriktive Standortsteuerung, Mengensteuerung durch Flächenkontingente oder Siedlungsdichten, Steuerung der Eigenentwicklung) erweitert werden. In diesem Zusammenhang werden auch die Verfahren zur Flächenbedarfsermittlung und zur Setzung von Mengenzielen sowie vorhandene Monitoringansätze betrachtet. Die Vorstudie soll die Hauptstudie inhaltlich, methodisch und organisatorisch vorbereiten. Dazu werden die Instrumente der Mengensteuerung in zwei Beispielregionen weiter entwickelt und ihre Übertragbarkeit auf andere Regionalplanungsregionen diskutiert. Erst in der Hauptstudie sollen die entwickelten Instrumente in Modellregionen erprobt und untersucht werden.
This project focuses on the long-term stability (or otherwise) of vegetation, based on a series of multi-proxy records in southern South America. We will build a network of sites suitable for high-resolution reconstructions of changes in vegetation since the Last Glacial Maximum, and use these to test a null hypothesis that changes in vegetation over the past 14,000 years are driven by internal dynamics rather than external forcing factors. The extent to which the null hypothesis can be falsified will reveal the degree to which we can expect to be able to predict how vegetation is affected by external events, including future climate change. The southern fringes of the South American landmass provide a rare opportunity to examine the development of moorland vegetation with sparse tree cover in a wet, cool temperate climate of the Southern Hemisphere. We present a record of changes in vegetation over the past 17,000 years, from a lake in extreme southern Chile (Isla Santa Inés, Magallanes region, 53°38.97S; 72°25.24W; Fontana, Bennett 2012: The Holocene), where human influence on vegetation is negligible. The western archipelago of Tierra del Fuego remained treeless for most of the Lateglacial period. Nothofagus may have survived the last glacial maximum at the eastern edge of the Magellan glaciers from where it spread southwestwards and established in the region at around 10,500 cal. yr BP. Nothofagus antarctica was likely the earlier colonizing tree in the western islands, followed shortly after by Nothofagus betuloides. At 9000 cal. yr BP moorland communities expanded at the expense of Nothofagus woodland. Simultaneously, Nothofagus species shifted to dominance of the evergreen Nothofagus betuloides and the Magellanic rain forest established in the region. Rapid and drastic vegetation changes occurred at 5200 cal. yr BP, after the Mt Burney MB2 eruption, including the expansion and establishment of Pilgerodendron uviferum and the development of mixed Nothofagus-Pilgerodendron-Drimys woodland. Scattered populations of Nothofagus, as they occur today in westernmost Tierra del Fuego may be a good analogue for Nothofagus populations during the Lateglacial in eastern sites. Climate, dispersal barriers and/or fire disturbance may have played a role controlling the postglacial spread of Nothofagus. Climate change during the Lateglacial and early Holocene was a prerequisite for the expansion of Nothofagus populations and may have controlled it at many sites in Tierra del Fuego. The delayed arrival at the site, with respect to the Holocene warming, may be due to dispersal barriers and/or fire disturbance at eastern sites, reducing the size of the source populations. The retreat of Nothofagus woodland after 9000 cal. yr BP may be due to competitive interactions with bog communities. Volcanic disturbance had a positive influence on the expansion of Pilgerodendron uviferum and facilitated the development of mixed Nothofagus-Pilgerodendron-Drimys woodland.
This data set presents the reconstructed vegetation cover for 446 Asian sites based on harmonized pollen data from the data set LegacyPollen 2.0. Sugita's REVEALS model (2007) was applied to all pollen records using REVEALSinR from the DISQOVER package (Theuerkauf et al. 2016). Pollen counts were translated into vegetation cover by accounting for taxon-specific pollen productivity and fall speed. Additionally, relevant source areas of pollen were calculated using the aforementioned taxon-specific parameters and a Gaussian plume model for deposition and dispersal. Values for relative pollen productivity and fall speed from the synthesis from Wiezcorek and Herzschuh (2010) were updated with recent studies used to reconstruct vegetation cover. The average values from all Northern Hemisphere values were used where taxon-specific continental values were unavailable. As REVEALS was conceived to reconstruct vegetation from large lakes, only records originating from large lakes (>= 50h) are marked as "valid as site" in the dataset. Reconstructions from other records can be used when spatially averaging several together. An example script to do so is provided on Zenodo (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12800290). Reconstructed tree cover was validated using modern Landsat remote sensing forest cover. Reconstructed tree cover has much lower errors than the original arboreal pollen percentages. Reconstructions of individual taxa are more uncertain. We present tables with reconstructed vegetation cover for all continents with original parameters. As further details, we list a table with the taxon-specific parameters used, metadata for all records, and a list of parameters adjusted in the default version of REVEALSinR.
PhytOakmeter (www.phytoakmeter.de) is a field platform using the Quercus robur oak clone DF159 outplanted since 2010. This platform is used to monitor the impact of climate change and land use management on the "soil - plant - interactor" complex. Sites from PhytOakmeter are located either in forest or grassland habitats and represent a wide range of environmental contexts with specific stressors. All sites are equipped with loggers measuring air and soil temperature and soil moisture. Soil cores have been collected to analyze their chemical and physical characteristic. The DKr plot in Kreinitz (Germany) started in 2010 with 12 oak trees outplanted yearly between 2010 and 2019 over two 11m x 15m grassland plots. Soil temperature and soil moisture were measured between 2016 and 2025, and soil chemistry was assessed yearly in the root-affected zone of trees aged between one and five years. Soil porosity and texture were evaluated in 2020. The bundled publication is supplemented by recorded precipitation and weather data from an automatic weather station located on site.
Das geplante IWRM-Forschungsprojekt 'Dong Nai River Basin' Phase II in Vietnam ist ein Joint-Venture Projekt mehrer Partner aus Deutschland die, in enger Kooperation mit Partnern in Vietnam, das Prinzip IWRM im Projektgebiet 'Dong Nai River Basin' in Vietnam in allen seinen Aspekten bearbeiten. Das Dong Nai Flusseinzugsgebiet liegt im Süden des Landes und ist mit einer Fläche von ca. 35.000 km2 eines der drei größten Flusseinzugsgebiete in Vietnam. Im Gegensatz zu den zwei anderen großen Gebieten, den Deltagebieten des Mekong und des Roten Flusses, liegt das Dong Nai Gebiet zum Großteil auf Vietnamesischem Territorium. Aufgrund der schnellen volkswirtschaftlichen Entwicklung im Dong Nai Gebiet wird das Ressourcen-Management immer stärker durch umwelttechnische Probleme beeinträchtigt. Seit dem Jahr 2010 wird unser System bestehend aus GW-Base® und GW-Web® bei dem CWRPI-Hanoi und der HCMC-CWRPI-Division 'Süd-Vietnam' genutzt. In 15 ausgewählten Grund- und Oberflächenwasser Messstellen wurden Multiparameter Datenlogger installiert und in Betrieb genommen. Alle Messpunkte wurden im Bezug auf Erreichbarkeit, Sicherheit, sowie GPRS-Netzabdeckung ausgewählt. Da dieses Pilotprojekt Teil einer Machbarkeitsstudie für diese Art von Messstellen in Vietnam ist, standen hydrologische Aspekte für die Wahl der Messpunktstandorte nicht im Vordergrund. Um die Nachhaltigkeit dieses Monitoringsystems zu gewährleisten wurde ansässiges Personal im Umgang mit Hard- und Software geschult.
Scientists from the Palestinian authority, Israel and Germany, all involved in different aspects of analytical research, have joined in order to conduct an environmental study, which aims to understand the fate of selected contaminants in a model ecosystem. For this purpose, two typical terrestrial sites in the Middle East, one in the Palestinian authority and the other in Israel, have been selected, comprising a partially polluted area and a natural reserve as a reference. In these areas, the fate (chemical and physical transformations) of typical pollutants such as heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd, Fe), metalloids (As, Sn, Sb), organic dyes and air contaminants (O3, NOx, SO2) will be studied. This will also involve the determination of all the environmental conditions for the chemical transformation, which should shed some light on the dynamics of the ecosystems. At the same time novel inexpensive sensors and analytical procedures will be developed, which are necessary for the analysis of contaminants in this area. The goals will be accomplished by combined efforts of all partners.
Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for living organisms. Whereas agriculture avoids P-limitation of primary production through continuous application of P fertilizers, forest ecosystems have developed highly efficient strategies to adapt to low P supply. A main hypothesis of the SPP 1685 is that P depletion of soils drives forest ecosystems from P acquiring system (efficient mobilization of P from the mineral phase) to P recycling systems (highly efficient cycling of P). Regarding P fluxes in soils and from soil to streamwater, this leads to the assumption that recycling systems may have developed strategies to minimize P losses. Further, not only the quantity but also the chemistry (P forms) of transported or accumulated P will differ between the ecosystems. In our project, we will therefore experimentally test the relevance of the two contrasting hypothetical nutritional strategies for P transport processes through the soil and into streamwater. As transport processes will occur especially during heavy rainfall events, when preferential flow pathways (PFPs) are connected, we will focus on identifying those subsurface transport paths. The chemical P fractionation in PFPs will be analyzed to draw conclusions on P accumulation and transport mechanism in soils differing in their availability of mineral bound P (SPP core sites). The second approach is an intensive streamwater monitoring to detect P losses from soil to water. The understanding of P transport processes and P fluxes at small catchment scale is fundamental for estimating the P exports of forest soils into streams. With a hydrological model we will simulate soil water fluxes and estimate P export fluxes for the different ecosystems based on these simulations.
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