Introduction: In Malaysia, excessive nutrients from livestock waste management systems are currently released to the environment. Particularly, large amounts of manure from intensive pig production areas are being excreted daily and are not being fully utilised. Alternatively, the excess manure can be applied as an organic fertiliser source in neighbouring cropping systems on the small landholdings of the pig farms to improve soil fertility so that its nutrients will be available for crop uptake instead of being discharged into water streams. Thus, there is a need for better tools to analyse the present situation, to evaluate and monitor alternative livestock production systems and manure management scenarios, and to support farmers in the proper management of manure and fertiliser application. Such tools are essential to quantify, and assess nutrient fluxes, manure quality and content, manure storage and application rate to the land as well as its environmental effects. Several computer models of animal waste management systems to assist producers and authorities are now available. However, it is felt that more development is needed to adopt such models to the humid tropics and conditions of Malaysia and other developing countries in the region. Objectives: The aim is to develop a novel model to evaluate nutrient emission scenarios and the impact of livestock waste at the landscape or regional level in humid tropics. The study will link and improve existing models to evaluate emission of N to the atmosphere, and leaching of nutrients to groundwater and surface water. The simulation outputs of the models will be integrated with a GIS spatial analysis to model the distribution of nutrient emission, leaching and appropriate manure application on neighbouring crop lands and as an information and decision support tool for the relevant users.
The project aims at achieving a better understanding of the processes that drive or limit the response of grassland systems in a world of increasing atmospheric pCO2. We will test the hypothesis that the previously shown increase in below-ground allocation of C under elevated pCO2 provides the necessary energy excess and will stimulate free-living N2 fixers in a low N grassland environment. The project thus aims at assessing the occurrence and importance of free-living N2 fixers under elevated pCO2 and identify the associated microbial communities involved in order to better understand ecosystems response and sustainability of grassland systems. This project had the last opportunity to obtain soil samples from a grassland ecosystem adapted to long-term (10 year) elevated atmospheric pCO2 as the Swiss FACE experiment. The project aims to identify the relevant components of free-living diazotrophs of the microbial community using 15N stable isotope - DNA probing.
Das Geoportal Hamburg ist das zentrale Kartenportal der Stadt Hamburg. Es enthält alle verfügbaren Geodaten der Hamburger Verwaltung in der stets aktuellen Version. Die Daten werden hierbei durch die einzelnen Fachbehörden gepflegt und über die Urban Data Platform, der zentralen Datendrehscheibe der Stadt veröffentlicht. Es stehen so mehr als 500 Datensätze verschiedener Kategorien zur Verfügung sowie zahlreiche Werkzeuge zum Suchen, Zeichnen, Messen oder Drucken. Die technische Basis des Geoportals ist die Opensource-Software „Masterportal“ die vom Landesbetreib Geoinformation und Vermessung entwickelt und von zahlreichen anderen Städten und Kommunen genutzt und in Zusammenarbeit gepflegt und weiterentwickelt wird.
Dieser WebMapService (WMS) stellt die meisten der im Hamburger Liegenschaftskataster vorkommenden, heute zum Teil historischen, Bezugssysteme und deren zugehörige Abbildungen für Kartenwerke dar. Zzt. sind folgende Gitternetze verfügbar (Bezugssystem mit Abbildung): * DHDN mit GK Maßeinheit Meter Bezugsmaßstab 1: 1000 * ETRS89 mit UTM Maßeinheit Meter Bezugsmaßstab 1: 1000 * Lokales System Hamburg mit Ebenenabbildung In den Maßeinheiten Meter und Fuß und den Bezugsmaßstäben 1: 200, 250, 500, 1000, 4000 Zur genaueren Beschreibung der Daten und Datenverantwortung nutzen Sie bitte den Verweis zur Datensatzbeschreibung.
Das Ziel des Forschungsvorhabens besteht darin, die unterschiedlichen Demokratiemuster (patterns of democracy) sowie die Leistungsbilanzen von politischen Systemen (policy performance) in 10 mittel- und osteuropäischen Ländern im Zeitraum von 1995 bis 2005 empirisch zu identifizieren und analytisch zu verbinden. Theoretisch gehen wir dabei von der 'institutions do matter'-Annahme aus. In Weiterentwicklung des Ansatzes von Arend Lijphart (1999) schlagen wir ein dreidimensionales Demokratiemodel vor, das institutionelle wie akteursbezogene Strukturmerkmale verbindet. Demokratische Systeme sind institutionell durch zwei Dimensionen definiert: das Wahlsystem (elektorale Entscheidungsregel) und das Regierungssystem, hier definiert als die Vetomacht außerparlamentarischer Institutionen gegenüber Regierung und Parlament (legislative Entscheidungsregel). Da Politiken nicht allein in institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen entstehen, sondern in diesen von Akteuren beschlossen und umgesetzt werden, untersucht die dritte Dimension die Akteurskonstellation in Regierung und Parlament. Die durch diese drei Dimensionen definierten Demokratiemuster werden mit policy-Mustern in den Politikfeldern Wirtschaft, Soziales und Umwelt in Beziehung gesetzt. Empirisch soll der Einfluss der Demokratiemuster auf die Leistungsbilanz von politischen Systemen vor dem Hintergrund der historischen Entwicklungen (legacies) und der internationalen Einbindung der einzelnen mittel- und osteuropäischen Länder erklärt werden. Insofern werden die traditionellen Analysen über Politikperformanz in westlichen Ländern um die für Mittel- und Osteuropa bedeutenden Fragen 'does history matter' bzw. 'does globalization matter' ergänzt. Methodisch basiert das Forschungsvorhaben auf der Anwendung der makro-quantitativen Vielländeranalyse (Aggregatdatenanalyse). Eingang in die Analyse finden jene Länder der Mittel- und Osteuropa, die empirisch vergleichbar sind (most similar systems design).
Project summary: The Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory (HRL) in south Sweden is a 3.6 km long and up to 500 m deep tunnel devoted to the exploration of the deep biosphere within continental granitic rocks. Here, a number of deep groundwater seepage sites and associated ponds are accessible, which both exhibit an enormous diversity of aerobic and anaerobic, mainly chemolithotrophic microorganisms. This window into microbiology of the deep biosphere may serve as a model system for the interaction of microbiological processes and mineral precipitation within the continental vein systems. Central part of the project is a multidisciplinary analysis of biodiversity, structure and physiological effects of this chemolithotrophic system to establish specific signatures for tracing deep biosphere communities in continental settings. Several proxies will be used as a basis for modelling of biomass fluxes in the upper continental crust. Vein minerals, as potential archives for fossil deep biospheres, will be investigated to test the application of the results for interpretation of the fossil record.
The PATCA Project will help Kyrgyzstan (KG) and Tajikistan (TJ) to meet the requirements of a number of ratified international conventions, most importantly the Biodiversity Convention as well as the respective Biodiversity Action Plans of KG and TJ and the national Environment Action Plans of KG and TJ through the establishment of the PATCA. Overall Objective: The primary goals of PATCA are not only the preservation of the biodiversity of the region but also the improvement of the livelihood of the local population whilst at the same time protecting and safeguarding the traditions and unique historical-cultural heritage developed over centuries of survival in this harsh environment. Purpose: To assist the Governments of KG & TJ in establishment and management of PATCA through: - Technical Assistance (TA) to: national park system in KG (State Agency on Environment Protection & Forestry) & TJ (State Committee for Environment & Forestry); and, Tajik (Pamir) National Park (TJ) & Alai National Park (KG) - Production of PATCA Management Plan (MP). Project Expected Outputs: - the legal establishment and practical operation of PATCA (within PNP and ANP) including development and official approval of PATCA interstate cooperation agreement between KG and TJ - PATCA management plan development, approval and commencement of implementation - Identification of necessary equipment and training in use of an appropriate equipment. Target Groups: The project is expected to result in a wide variety of beneficiaries, especially when taking into account the long-term implications for sustainable development of communities in the PATCA area. In more direct terms the main beneficiaries of the project are as follows: - The State Agency on Environment Protection and Forestry under Government of the Kyrgyz Republic and the State Committee of Environment Conservation and Forestry of Tajikistan through establishment of the PATCA and in more broad terms, support with development, equipment and establishment of the PATCA management plan; - Local Governments - Villages and local population in the two countries - Tour operators - Environmental NGOs - Teachers, educational establishments and major stakeholder groups - Scientists through research possibilities in a poor researched area and training of new methods, establishment of data base - The public at large through increased awareness on and improved protection and safeguarding of the regions biological heritage. The end-beneficiaries of this project will be the population in and around the PATCA, and all concerned with biodiversity conservation in this and the surrounding area. Prime Contractor: AGRECO G.E.I.E., Bruxelles, BE.
The pattern of environmental governance is changing as national governments are under stress from new political agents. In addition to the traditional nation state centered policy-making system, including international cooperation, political power is also exercised on the trans-national and local levels of society. A simultaneous movement of political power is also exercised on the trans-national and local levels of government and downward to local communities. Sub national units such as local governments, civic organisations and even loosely constructed networks introduce their own environmental policies. Global sustainability problems are created by the interaction of all societal levels, and a new politics of sustainability involving local, national, regional as well as global efforts must be implemented to solve these problems. National governments have responsed to this situation by introducing programs promoting ecological modernisation as well as new policy instruments that involve communities and other actors. The Baltic Sea Region (BSR) is an area of special concern both from an environmental point-of-view as well as from a governance point-of-view. The sea itself is highly vulnerable to pollution. At the same time the region is an ideal setting for the research because it has introduced several new fora for sustainable decision making, while showing considerable strength in existing administrative and political structures. The main objectives for this project are: Module 1. to deepen understanding of the origins, development and operation of traditional environmental governance in the BSR