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Chemical analysis of explosive chemicals in water, sediments, and mussels (Mytilus spp.) from three shipwrecks from World War I and II in the North Sea

This dataset contains the results of chemical analyses of water, sediment, and marine bivalves (Mytilus spp.) for residues of submerged munitions, which were taken during various field excursions to three wrecks from the First and Second World Wars in the North Sea: KW58 (Belgium), SMS Mainz (Germany), and UC30. Water and sediments were collected using CTD rosette water samplers and Van Veen sediment grabs (SMS Mainz), or by divers (KW58 and UC30). The mussels for mussel monitoring were collected near the island of Sylt (Germany) and exposed in cages on the wrecks for several weeks. Samples were frozen immediately on board and transferred to the lab for examination. All samples were analyzed for the explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and its two primary metabolites, 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene and 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene, using gas chromatography tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS).

Aerober Abbau von Pikrinsäure (2,4,6-Trinitrophenol) durch Gram-positive Bakterien: Initiale Reaktionen der reduktiven Denitrierung und Ringöffnung

Die Verwendung von Pikrinsäure (2,4,6-Trinitrophenol) als Sprengstoff hat zu bedeutenden Umweltbelastungen geführt. Die Toxizität der Pikrinsäure (PA) und dessen mutagenes Reduktionsprodukt 2-Amino-4,6-Dinitrophenol schafft ein wirtschaftliches Interesse, die großen Mengen an PA in Altlasten und Abwasserströmen mikrobiologisch zu entfernen. Die Basis für die geplanten Arbeiten sind Bakterien der Gattungen Nocardioides und Rhodococcus, die über Reduktion des aromatischen Ringes und Bildung eines Hydrid-Meisenheimer (H-Pikrat) Komplexes PA als alleinige Stickstoffquelle verwenden. Zwei Enzyme aus Nocardioides simplex übertragen H von NADPH auf PA unter Bildung des H-Pikrat Komplexes. Teile der für den PA-Abbau vermeintlichen genetischen Information aus Rhodococcus opacus HL PM-1 wurden mit der Differential-Display-Technik gefunden. Ziel ist es, die Gene und Genfunktionen des gesamten PA-Abbauweges zu identifizieren und zu charakterisieren, sowie die biochemischen Kenntnisse zu vertiefen. Dies ist entscheidend für die Entwicklung von Systemen zur Entfernung von PA und für die Erschließung von neuartigen Degradationssystemen für TNT.

In-situ soil moisture and -temperature time series measurements during SwabianMOSES campaign 2021

As part of the hydro-meteorological measurement campaign SwabianMOSES 2021 time-domain transmission soil moisture sensors and temperature sensors with custom-made logger systems were used to measure time series of these soil state variables. The aim of these investigations was to provide data on physical soil properties used in a cross-disciplinary approach for a better understanding of hydro-meteorological extremes (such as high precipitation events and droughts). Each measurement site consisted of sensors at three depths with two sensors each. Logger systems were installed at six different observation sites which were distributed across the whole campaign target area in the vicinity of the Swabian Jura in Germany. Decisions on the specific installation depths were made during the installation at the respective sites based on the constitution of the local soil profiles. Installation protocols with a brief soil profile description and photos are part of this dataset. The dataset contains the values of location and time (UTC), soil temperature (in °C), relative permittivity and soil moisture (in % vol) derived from permittivity. Determination of soil moisture was done using the formula of Topp et al. (1980). As sensors, the SMT100 soil moisture sensor with integrated temperature measurement were used. All sensors were installed within the upper 50cm below ground. The exact depths for each sensor are listed in the comments.

Uptake, potential biotransformation and depuration of TNT in exposed blue mussels (Mytilus edulis L.)

The uptake, potential biotransformation and depuration time of dissolved TNT in mussels were investigated by two laboratory experiments using common blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) originating from the Island of Sylt/German North Sea. The first experiment was conducted in July 2020 and the second in February 2022 in the laboratory of the Alfred Wegener Institute, Bremerhaven. Mussels were exposed to different TNT concentrations over defined periods of time (first experiment: 48 hours exposure to 4 different TNT concentrations; 0 mg/l, 0.625 mg/l, 1.25 mg/l and 2.5 mg/l, second experiment: 24 hours exposure to 0 mg/l and 5 mg/l deuterated TNT) followed by recovery phase in clean artificial seawater (first experiment: 60 hours recovery, second experiment: 12 hours recovery). Aquaria water and mussel tissues were sampled from both exposure and recovery phases and analysed for TNT and its metabolites for treatment and control groups. The analysis of TNT and its metabolites 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (2-ADNT), 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4-ADNT) and 2,4-diamino-6-nitrotoluene (2,4-DANT) were conducted by using GC-MS/MS techniques.

Grundwassermessstelle DEGM_DEMV_16450006: Poseritz UP

Stammdaten und Analysedaten zu den Grundwassermessstellen im EUA-Messnetz: Messtelle DEGM_DEMV_16450006 (Poseritz UP)

Grundwassermessstelle DEGM_DEMV_16450005: Poseritz OP

Stammdaten und Analysedaten zu den Grundwassermessstellen im EUA-Messnetz: Messtelle DEGM_DEMV_16450005 (Poseritz OP)

Grundwassermessstelle DEGM_DEMV_21420002: Lelkendorf OP

Stammdaten und Analysedaten zu den Grundwassermessstellen im EUA-Messnetz: Messtelle DEGM_DEMV_21420002 (Lelkendorf OP)

In-situ soil moisture and -temperature time series, point measurements and cosmic-ray neutron rover surveys during SwabianMOSES campaign 2023

As part of the hydro-meteorological measurement campaign SwabianMOSES 2023 time-domain transmission (TDT) soil moisture sensors and temperature sensors with custom-made logger systems were used to measure time series of these soil state variables. In addition, a stationary cosmic-ray neutron sensor was deployed at the KITcube site near Villingen-Schwenningen to provide continuous soil moisture data for an area of between 10 and 20 hectares. For mapping the spatial distribution of soil moisture, several mobile CRNS campaigns have been conducted with a car across the Lindach catchment and beyond before and after prospective rain events. During these mobile CRNS measurements, in-situ soil moisture measurements were conducted, using a handheld time-domain reflectometry soil moisture sensor. The aim of these investigations was to provide data on physical soil properties used in a cross-disciplinary approach for a better understanding of hydro-meteorological extremes (such as high precipitation events and droughts). Regarding the TDT-sensors, each measurement site consisted of sensors at three depths with two sensors each. Logger systems were installed at six different observation sites which were distributed across the whole campaign target area in the vicinity of the Swabian Jura in Germany. Decisions on the specific installation depths were made during the installation at the respective sites based on the constitution of the local soil profiles. Installation protocols with a brief soil profile description and photos are part of this dataset. The dataset contains the values of location and time (UTC), soil temperature (in °C), relative permittivity and soil moisture (in % vol) derived from permittivity. Determination of soil moisture was done using the formula of Topp et al. (1980). As sensors, the SMT100 soil moisture sensor with integrated temperature measurement were used. All sensors were installed within the upper 50cm below ground. The exact depths for each sensor are listed in the comments.

Grundwassermessstelle DEGM_DEMV_24430103: Kraase OP

Stammdaten und Analysedaten zu den Grundwassermessstellen im EUA-Messnetz: Messtelle DEGM_DEMV_24430103 (Kraase OP)

Grundwassermessstelle DEGM_DEMV_25510102: Bergholz OP

Stammdaten und Analysedaten zu den Grundwassermessstellen im EUA-Messnetz: Messtelle DEGM_DEMV_25510102 (Bergholz OP)

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