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Total suspended matter, particulate organic matter and particulate inorganic matter from discrete water samples during RV MARIA S MERIAN cruise MSM129/1

This dataset was collected during the cruise MSM129/1 with RV MARIA S. MERIAN from Warnemünde, Germany to St. John's, Canada. It contains suspended particulate matter, particulate organic matter and particulate inorganic matter measurements [mg/l] from water samples collected from the seawater supply (Reinseewassersystem, RSWS) to calibrate the turbidity data of the RSWS system. The outflow of a PocketFerrybox that was connected to the seawater supply in the hangar was used for sampling. It takes a substantial amount of time for the water to reach the hanger from the intake point. The time delay between the sensor readings of the RSWS and the PocketFerrybox was determined and the timestamps of the water sampling were adjusted accordingly. Given latitute and longitude refer to this corrected timestamp. The original time of water sampling in the hangar is given as an additional column with the comment time of sampling. To obtain suspended particulate matter concentrations, water samples were filtered onboard through 0.7 μm pore size, glass fiber filters (Whatmann GF/F, 47 mm) under low vacuum. Filters were frozen immediately at -80 °C until gravimetric analysis in the laboratory at ICBM, Wilhelmshaven according to IOCCG recommendations.

Hydrographic parameters, dissolved CH4, atmospheric CH4 and CO2 along the river Elbe, August 2020

In August 2020 the research vessel Albis investigated the river Elbe from Schmielka towards Geesthacht. Basic hydrographic parameters were measured continuously, with a portable ferryBox. Dissolved methane was continuously determined with a degassing unit and a Greenhouse Gas Analyzer from LosGatosResearch. Atmospheric CH4 and CO2 was determined with a Licor system.

Water chemistry of Lagrangian samplings of Inland Elbe 2024 (MOSES Hydrological Extremes)

Within the framework of MOSES (Modular Observation Solutions for Earth Systems) and ElbeXtreme, we performed three longitudinal sampling campaigns in the Elbe catchment in 2024. The campaigns covered the German freshwater part, the tidal Elbe river, and the German Bight. Here we present the results of the freshwater river where the sampling was conducted in a Langrangian way according to flow velocity. Physico-chemical and biological parameters were measured along the Elbe from bridges between Bad Schandau (km 12, Czech-German border) and Lauenburg (km 570, close to Hamburg). A particular scientific focus was on (1) nutrients and eutrophication, (2) composition of dissolved organic matter measured by high-resolution mass spectrometry, (3) greenhouse gas measurements, and (4) micropollutants. This was done during a winter flood event in January, a summer drought in July, and a second smaller flood in September 2024.

Copernicus-Auswertung für die Ostsee (WMS)

Dieser Darstellungs-Dienst (WMS) der Marinen Dateninfrastruktur Deutschland (MDI-DE) stellt Copernicus-Daten für die Ostsee zur Verfügung. Die Daten wurden für den Zeitraum 2022-2024 aggregiert (gemittelt) sowie zeitvariant ausgewertet und können u.a. für das MSRL Reporting genutzt werden. Bereitgestellte Parameter sind: Cyanobakterien, Trübung, Salinität, Temperatur und Azidität. Die Daten werden über unterschiedliche Zeiträume (täglich, monatlich, saisonal, 2-wöchentlich, MSRL-abgestimmt Jul-Aug) aggregiert, repräsentiert durch statistische Kennziffern.

Copernicus-Daten für die Ostsee (2022-2025)

Die Marine Dateninfrastruktur Deutschland (MDI-DE) stellt Copernicus-Daten für die Ostsee zur Verfügung. Die Daten wurden für den Zeitraum 2022-2024 aggregiert (gemittelt) sowie zeitvariant ausgewertet und können u.a. für das MSRL Reporting genutzt werden. Bereitgestellte Parameter sind: Cyanobakterien, Trübung, Salinität, Temperatur und Azidität. Die Daten werden über unterschiedliche Zeiträume (täglich, monatlich, saisonal, 2-wöchentlich, MSRL-abgestimmt Jul-Aug) aggregiert, repräsentiert durch statistische Kennziffern.

Export von organischem Kohlenstoff aus Islands Gletschern: Quantifizierung, Herkunft und Kohlenstoffflüsse in Gletscherbächen

Gletscher sind bedeutende Speicher organischen Kohlenstoffs (OC) und tragen zum Kohlenstofffluss vom Festland zum Meer bei. Aufgrund des Klimawandels wird eine Intensivierung dieser Flüsse erwartet. Der Export von OC aus Gletschern wurde weltweit in verschiedenen Regionen quantifiziert, trotzdem liegen keine vergleichbaren Daten für Island vor, obwohl sich dort die größte europäische außerpolare Eiskappe befindet. Um die globalen Prognosen der glazialen Kohlenstofffreisetzung zu verbessern, ist es das Ziel dieses Pilotprojektes, den Export von gelöstem und partikulärem organischen Kohlenstoff (DOC, POC) aus Islands Gletschern erstmalig zu quantifizieren und neue Kooperationen mit isländischen Wissenschaftler/innen für gemeinsame zukünftige Forschungsprojekte aufzubauen. Hierzu werden 4 Feldkampagnen zu unterschiedlichen Jahreszeiten sowie Treffen mit isländischen Kollegen/innen durchgeführt. In jeder Feldkampagne werden von 23 Gletschern der Eiskappen Vatnajökull, Langjökull, Hofsjökull, Myrdalsjökull und Snaeellsjökull Eisproben entnommen, um die biogeochemische Diversität des glazialen OC zu charakterisieren sowie dessen Export in Verbindung mit Massenbilanzen zu quantifizieren. In Gletscherbächen werden Wasserproben entnommen, um den Austrag von OC direkt am Gletschertor zu bestimmen sowie die Kohlenstoffflüsse entlang von 6 Gletscherbächen mit unterschiedlicher Länge (2 km bis 130 km) beginnend am Gletschertor bis zur Mündung zu untersuchen. Wie sich der Gletscherrückgang langfristig auf ein Gletscherbachökosystem auswirkt, wird durch die taxonomische Bestimmung von Makroinvertebraten im Vergleich zur Bestimmung von Prof. Gíslason aus dem Jahre 1997 beurteilt. Gleichzeitig werden in diesem Gletscherbach Wasserproben zum eDNA-Barcoding entnommen, um eine rasche und gering invasive Methode zur laufenden Beobachtung des zukünftigen Einflusses der Gletscherrückgang zu entwickeln. Vor Ort werden Wassertemperatur, elektr. Leitfähigkeit, pH-Wert, gelöster Sauerstoff, Trübung und Chlorophyll alpha gemessen. Innovative Labormethoden (HPLC, DNA-Barcoding, Picarro, GC, TOC) werden zur Analyse des OC im Eis und Wasser (DOC, DIC, POC, Fluoreszenz, Absorption), der Nährstoffe (P-PO4, N-NO3, N-NO2, N-NH4), stabiler Isotope (18O, 2H), Chlorophyll alpha, CO2 und aquatischen Organismen eingesetzt. Die Anwendung statistischer Methoden (Faktorenanalyse, Hauptkomponentenanalyse) basierend auf Anregungs- und Emissionsmatrizen erlauben die Quellen des OC im Gletschereis sowie -schmelzwasser zu bestimmen und die räumliche Vielfalt des OC zu erklären. Das gewonnene Wissen wird zur Verbesserung globaler Prognosen glazialer Kohlenstofffreisetzung beitragen sowie einen intensiven Einblick in das glaziale Ökosystem geben. Für die antragstellenden Nachwuchswissenschaftler/innen entstehen vielversprechende Kooperationen mit isländischen Wissenschaftlern/innen, fokussierend auf die zeitlichen sowie räuml. Aspekte der glazialen Kohlenstoffflüsse sowie das Ökosystem Gletscher

Wirkungen von SO2 bzw. Schwermetallen auf pflanzenphysiologische Vorgaenge und auf die Zelle

Bearbeitete Teilfragen innerhalb des Gesamtprojektes: Physiologische Erklaerung des 'Truebungstests' nach Haertel als Diagnosemethode fuer Abgasschaeden an Koniferen. Das Verhalten der Borke in verunreinigter Luft (inkl. Stadtluftguete). Veraenderung der Enzymausstattung unter dem Einfluss von SO2 und Einfluss auf Schwefelstoffwechsel. Pigmentanalysen an immissionsgeschaedigten Pflanzen. Holzanatomische Veraenderungen in SO2-haltiger Luft (in Industriegebieten). Permeabilitaetsuntersuchungen an Pflanzenzellen nach SO2- bzw. Vitalfaerbungen an geschaedigten Pflanzenzellen.

Seasonal nutrient dynamics in the Elbe estuary

In this publication, we investigated the spatial and temporal distribution of nutrients in the Elbe estuary, Northern Germany, in 2022. In seasonal transect cruises, physicochemical parameters were measured continuously along a transect from the North Sea (53.98°N 8.36°E) to the port of Oortkaten in the upstream Elbe River (53.46°N 10.06°E). The study focus was set on the interplay of eutrophication and in-stream nutrient regeneration. At ~40 stations along the estuary, we measured the concentration of dissolved nutrients (nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, phosphate, silicate) and nitrate dual stable isotope signatures (δ15N-NO3, δ18O-NO3) as well as characteristics of suspended particulate matter (δ15N-SPM, chlorophyll a concentration and C/N ratio).

Continuous optical chlorophyll-a and turbidity data along RV MARIA S. MERIAN cruise MSM129/1

Underway optical chlorophyll-a and turbidity data were collected along the cruise track with Sea-Bird Scientific ECO FLNTU sensors installed within two autonomous measurement containers, as part of the "Reinseewassersystem" (RSWS). The containers measure alternatingly. While one container is measuring, the other one is being cleaned. The boxes switched generally every 12 hours. The water inlet for the RSWS is at about 6.5 m below sea surface. Observed chlorophyll-a and turbidity data were both quality controlled. Analysis of the chlorophyll-a and turbidity data during parallel operation of the sensors in the two boxes showed significant differences between the sensors. The sensors were aligned resulting in consistent chlorophyll-a and turbidity time series. The corrected chlorophyll-a data were calibrated based on chlorophyll-a values from discrete water samples taken from a RSWS water outlet in the hangar. Samples were frozen and measured fluorometrically in the lab. The time series was separated into two sections, coastal and open ocean, which were calibrated independently. The turbidity time series was also compared to suspended particulate matter from water samples, however, correlation was low and therefore the comparison not used for calibrating turbidity. The calibrated chlorophyll-a time series and corrected turbidity time series were compared against Globcolour CHL1 and TSM products, respectively. Details on all quality control steps, the calibration, and the comparison with satellite data can be found in the data processing report. The data set user should keep in mind that some parts of the time series are likely affected by non-photochemical quenching, see data processing report. It was out of the scope of the quality control to flag or correct non-photochemical quenching. The resulting data set contains the original data and corresponding quality flags achieved by the quality control algorithm as well as the calibrated chlorophyll-a and corrected turbidity data with corresponding quality flags. The data source is given through the name of the active container. The data set contains data during transit time and station work. We recommend to use ship's speed to filter for only transit data.

Continuous optical chlorophyll-a and turbidity data along RV SONNE cruise SO285

Underway optical chlorophyll-a and turbidity data were collected along the cruise track with Sea-Bird Scientific ECO FLNTU sensors installed within two autonomous measurement systems, called self-cleaning monitoring boxes (SMBs). The SMBs measure alternatingly. While one box is measuring, the other one is being cleaned. The water inlet for the SMBs is at about 4 m below sea surface. Observed chlorophyll-a and turbidity data were both quality controlled and the chlorophyll-a data was additionally calibrated using chlorophyll-a reference data from discrete water samples taken from the CTD water sampler at 10 m depth. Sample chlorophyll-a was determined spectrophotometrically following Jeffrey and Humphrey (1975) as in EPA Method 446. Note that the ship crossed various biogeochemical provinces leading to high variability in the data and, additionally, non-photochemical quenching effects can be observed making it difficult to robustly calibrate the data. A comparison of the calibrated chlorophyll-a with satellite data using the GlobColour CHL1 and CHL2 products is additionally provided. Details on all quality control steps, the calibration, and the comparison with satellite data can be found in the data processing report. The resulting data set contains the original data, the calibrated data (in case of chlorophyll-a) and corresponding quality flags achieved by the quality control algorithm. The data source is given through the name of the active SMB. The data set contains data during transit time and station work. We recommend to use ship's speed to filter for only transit data.

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