The annual glacier mass balance of Hallstätter Gletscher in Austria is measured since 1.10.2006 with the direct glaciological method in the fixed date system (1.10. to 30. 09. of the following year). The accumulation of snow is measured by determination of the water equivalent in 6 snow pits, the ice ablation is measured with 15 stakes drilled into the ice. Results are the annual net mass balance in kg, the total accumulation and ablation, the glacier area and the portions of the area which are subject to ablation and accumulation, the elevation of the equilibrium line and the specific mass balance in kg/m² (= mm w.e.). The accumulation during the winter is determined by the 1 May. The project is funded by the Federal Government of Upper Austria. The measurements are carried out the Institute for Interdisciplinary Mountain Research of the Austrian Academy of Sciences and the company Blue Sky in Gmunden, Austria.
Video transects were done using the A.IKANBILISTM hovering autonomous underwater vehicle (HAUV) of the company BeeX (https://beex.sg/a-ikanbilis/), which flew over the reefs along predefined transects at a depth of 0.5m above seabed and at a speed of 1 m s-1. From the dive videos of the HAUV, SBIs were extracted every second. Each SBI features two parallel laser lines 30 cm away from each other. The camera used was a GoPro, the videos and pictures were taken perpendicularly to the seabed. The seabed images provide insights into the general composition of key species, higher systematic groups and ecological guilds. The images contain information on how benthic species are associated to each other. Transect files include individual images, whereas metadata of each image includes diving depth, date/time of transect. Geographical coordinates and time of individual images is unavailable, images have a resolution of 300dpi and a size of 9 to 13 MB.
The impacts of climate change pose one of the main challenges for agriculture in Central Europe. In particular, an increase of extreme and compound extreme climate events is expected to strongly impact economic revenues and the provision of ecosystem services by agroecosystems. A highly relevant, still open question is how grassland farming systems can cope best with these climate risks to adapt to climate change. A prominently discussed economic instrument to relieve income risks is the formal insurance, but natural and social insurances are newly under discussion as well. Natural insurances include specific grassland management practises such as maintaining species-rich grasslands. Social insurances, in our terminology, comprise all forms of societal support for farmers’ climate risk management. This includes in particular arrangements of community-supported agriculture that reduce income risks for farmers, or payments for ecosystem services if their design takes risk into account. Formal, natural and social insurances may be substitutes or complements, and affect farmer behaviour in different ways. Thus, policy support for any of the three forms of insurance will have effects on the others, which need to be understood. InsuranceGrass takes an innovative interdisciplinary view and assesses formal, natural and social insurances: on how to cope best with impacts of climate extremes on grasslands, integrating social and natural sciences perspectives and feedbacks between them. Based on this holistic analysis, InsuranceGrass will provide recommendations for policy and insurance design to ensure effective risk-coping of farmers and to enhance sustainable grassland farming, considering economic, environmental and social aspects. Impacts of extreme and compound extreme events on the provision of ecosystem services (e.g. magnitude and quality of yield, climate regulation via carbon sequestration, plant diversity) by permanent grasslands in Germany and Switzerland are quantified based on long-term observations and field experiments. Cutting-edge model-based approaches will be based on behavioural theories and empirically calibrated. With the help of social-ecological modelling, InsuranceGrass explicitly incorporates feedbacks between farmers’ and households’ decision, grassland management options, and ecosystem service provision in a dynamic manner. The contributions of different insurance types are developed, discussed and evaluated jointly with different groups of stakeholders (i.e., farmers, insurance companies, public administration). A scientifically sound and holistic assessment of the role of formal, natural, and social insurances for the sustainability of grassland farming under extreme events requires both disciplinary excellence and seamless interdisciplinary collaboration. InsuranceGrass brings together four groups from Zürich and Leipzig, with unique disciplinary expertise and a track record of successful collaboration.
The annual glacier mass balance of Hallstätter Gletscher in Austria is measured since 1.10.2006 with the direct glaciological method in the fixed date system (1.10. to 30. 09. of the following year). The accumulation of snow is measured by determination of the water equivalent in 6 snow pits, the ice ablation is measured with 15 stakes drilled into the ice. Results are the annual net mass balance in kg, the total accumulation and ablation, the glacier area and the portions of the area which are subject to ablation and accumulation, the elevation of the equilibrium line and the specific mass balance in kg/m² (= mm w.e.). The accumulation during the winter is determined by the 1 May. The project is funded by the Federal Government of Upper Austria. The measurements are carried out the Institute for Interdisciplinary Mountain Research of the Austrian Academy of Sciences and the company Blue Sky in Gmunden, Austria.
The annual glacier mass balance of Hallstätter Gletscher in Austria is measured since 1.10.2006 with the direct glaciological method in the fixed date system (1.10. to 30. 09. of the following year). The accumulation of snow is measured by determination of the water equivalent in 6 snow pits, the ice ablation is measured with 15 stakes drilled into the ice. Results are the annual net mass balance in kg, the total accumulation and ablation, the glacier area and the portions of the area which are subject to ablation and accumulation, the elevation of the equilibrium line and the specific mass balance in kg/m² (= mm w.e.). The accumulation during the winter is determined by the 1 May. The project is funded by the Federal Government of Upper Austria. The measurements are carried out the Institute for Interdisciplinary Mountain Research of the Austrian Academy of Sciences and the company Blue Sky in Gmunden, Austria.
Berichte der Behörden und Ämter über Zuwendungen in Form von Sponsoring, Spenden und mäzenatischen Schenkungen. Sie beinhalten die von den Behörden und Ämtern sowie den direkten hamburgischen Mehrheitsbeteiligungen (öffentlichen Unternehmen) aus ihrem Zuständigkeitsbereich angenommenen privaten Zuwendungen in Form von Sponsoring, Spenden und mäzenatischen Schenkungen ab 5.000 Euro im Einzelwert und die von bestimmten hamburgischen Mehrheitsbeteiligungen aus ihrem Zuständigkeitsbereich geleisteten Spenden und spendenähnlichen Zuwendungen ab 2.500 Euro im Einzelwert.
The annual glacier mass balance of Hallstätter Gletscher in Austria is measured since 2006-10-01 with the direct glaciological method in the fixed date system (1st October to 30th September of the following year). The accumulation of snow is measured by determination of the water equivalent in 6 snow pits, the ice ablation is measured with 15 stakes drilled into the ice. Results are the annual net mass balance in kg, the total accumulation and ablation, the glacier area and the portions of the area which are subject to ablation and accumulation, the elevation of the equilibrium line and the specific mass balance in kg/m**2 (= mm w.e.). The accumulation during the winter is determined by the 1st May. The project is funded by the Amt der Oberösterreichischen Landesregierung and the Energie AG. The measurements are carried out by the Institute for Interdisciplinary Mountain Research (http://www.mountainresearch.at/index.php/en/) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences and the company Blue Sky in Gmunden, Austria. New data will be added every year.
This is the metadata for the EU Emission Trading System (EU ETS). EU ETS aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions cost-effectively by setting a cap on the total amount of emissions from covered sectors. These sectors include power and heat generation, energy-intensive industries aviation and shipping within the European Economic Area. Under the system, companies receive or purchase emission allowances, each permitting the release of one tonne of CO₂ or equivalent gases. Businesses can trade these allowances, creating a financial incentive to reduce emissions. If a company emits less than its allowance, it can sell the surplus; if it exceeds the cap, it must buy more or face penalties. The cap is reduced annually, ensuring a steady decline in emissions over time. The system has gone through several phases, with the current Phase 4 running from 2021 to 2030. It also supports innovation and investment in low-carbon technologies through dedicated funds. Overall, the EU ETS plays a key role in helping the EU reach its climate neutrality goal by 2050. Data about the EU emission trading system (ETS). The EU ETS data viewer provides aggregated data on emissions and allowances, by country, sector and year. The data mainly comes from the Union Registry. Additional information on auctioning and scope corrections is included.
Ecofys conducted a study on the impact of the European Directive on Energy Performance of Buildings. The study was carried out for EURIMA (the European Insulation Manufacturers Association) and EuroACE (the European Alliance of Companies for Energy Efficiency in Buildings). The findings are presented in this report.
Additional reporting obligations in the area of energy efficiency' is a dataset reported by EU Member States and Contracting Parties of the Energy Community under the Governance Regulation. The dataset includes information on reasons why energy consumption is stable or growing per sector, floor area of government buildings not meeting energy performance requirements, number of energy audits carried out in large companies, applied national primary energy factor for electricity, number and floor area of new and renovated nearly zero-energy buildings (NZEB), and internet links to lists/interfaces of energy services.
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