The dataset is composed of Neo HySpex (VNIR & SWIR) and Telops Hyper-Cam (LWIR) hyperspectral imagery acquired during the MOSES GFZ/FUB/UFZ airborne campaign on August 8th, 2020 over the test area Oschersleben covering parts of the Bode catchment in the northern foreland of the Harz Mountain, Central Germany. The study area covers an ecological transect including three TERENO climate stations/flux towers ranging from forest sites (Hohes Holz) to lowland meadows (Grosses Bruch) to intensively used agricultural land (Hordorf). The survey was conducted within the frame of the Helmholtz program MOSES (Modular Observation Solutions for Earth Systems) heatwave event chain, which overall objective is to monitor heat extremes and drought events. In particular, the 2020 MOSES heatwave campaign over the Oschersleben test site aimed at an GFZ/UFZ intercalibration comparison measurements between different hyperspectral instruments flown on same day with different platforms and altitude, and test impact of different workflows on resulting data. This publication contains the GFZ VNIR-SWIR-LWIR hyperspectral dataset. It includes 1) 17 HySpex cloud-free flight lines already mosaicked in orthorectified reflectance, covering the VNIR to SWIR wavelength regions (0.4-2.5 µm) with 408 spectral bands, and 2) a composite of Hyper-Cam 1956 frames processed to surface temperature and spectral emissivity covering the LWIR (7.7 – 11.7 µm) in 125 bands. The dataset also includes Level 2A EnMAP-like reflectance imagery simulated using the end-to-end Simulation tool (EeteS). Associated field data and UFZ hyperspectral data are included in related publications of this campaign.