Geltungsbereiche der rechtskräftigen Bebauungspläne und Satzungen inkl. Änderungen für die Stadt Vechta.
Ziel: Erstellung einer Datengrundlage zur schweinekategorie-spezifischen und raeumlich differenzierten Produktion an Menge und Gehalt im Wirtschaftsduenger des Landkreises Vechta, verfahrenstechnologische und oekonomische Analyse, Berechnung und Bewertung des potentiellen Naehrstoffreduktionsvermoegens beim Einsatz vorhandener Guelleaufbereitungstechnologien fuer innerbetrieblichen und/oder regionalen Einsatz, Entwicklung des oekonomisch-optimierten regionalen Verfahrenstechnologiekonzeptes (RVK). Methoden: Auswertung von Landnutzungskarten und landwirtschaftlicher Statistiken, Analyse und Bewertung vorhandener Untersuchungen zur oekonomischen und technologischen Bewertung von Guelleaufbereitungstechnologien, Analyse des Naehrstoffreduktionspotentials vorhandener Guelleaufbereitungsanlagen im innerbetrieblichen und regionalen Einsatz, oekonomische Analyse und Bewertung, oekonomische und technologische Bewertung von Guelletransportkosten und des Vermarktungspotentials von Guelleaufbereitungsprodukten.
Water is an intrinsic component of ecosystems acting as a key agent of lateral transport for particulate and dissolved nutrients, forcing energy transfers, triggering erosion, and driving biodiversity patterns. Given the drastic impact of land use and climate change on any of these components and the vulnerability of Ecuadorian ecosystems with regard to this global change, indicators are required that not merely describe the structural condition of ecosystems, but rather capture the functional relations and processes. This project aims at investigating a set of such functional indicators from the fields of hydrology and biogeochemistry. In particular we will investigate (1) flow regime and timing, (2) nutrient cycling and flux rates, and (3) sediment fluxes as likely indicators. For assessing flow regime and timing we will concentrate on studying stable water isotopes to estimate mean transit time distributions that are likely to be impacted by changes in rainfall patterns and land use. Hysteresis loops of nitrate concentrations and calculated flux rates will be used as functional indicators for nutrient fluxes, most likely to be altered by changes in temperature as well as by land use and management. Finally, sediment fluxes will be measured to indicate surface runoff contribution to total discharge, mainly influenced by intensity of rainfall as well as land use. Monitoring of (1) will be based on intensive sampling campaigns of stable water isotopes in stream water and precipitation, while for (2) and (3) we plan to install automatic, high temporal-resolution field analytical instruments. Based on the data obtained by this intensive, bust cost effective monitoring, we will develop the functional indicators. This also provides a solid database for process-based model development. Models that are able to simulate these indicators are needed to enable projections into the future and to investigate the resilience of Ecuadorian landscape to global change. For the intended model set up we will couple the Catchment Modeling Framework, the biogeochemical LandscapeDNDC model and semi-empirical models for aquatic diversity. Global change scenarios will then be analyzed to capture the likely reaction of functional indicators. Finally, we will contribute to the written guidelines for developing a comprehensive monitoring program for biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Right from the beginning we will cooperate with four SENESCYT companion projects and three local non-university partners to ensure that the developed monitoring program will be appreciated by locals and stakeholders. Monitoring and modelling will focus on all three research areas in the Páramo (Cajas National Park), the dry forest (Reserva Laipuna) and the tropical montane cloud forest (Reserva Biologica San Francisco).
Glendonites are pseudomorphs after the mineral ikaite (CaCO3 x 6H2O) and composed of calcite (CaCO3). In the past, they have been used as a paleo-thermometer because the primary mineral ikaite, according to observations and experiments, seems to be formed at temperatures near freezing, high alkalinity and high phosphate concentrations in marine sediments. An enigmatic occurrence of the largest glendonites known world-wide, in the Early Eocene Fur Formation of northwestern Denmark offers the unique possibility to shed more light on the actual mechanism and controlling parameters of ikaite formation. Right in the aftermath of the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum, a time known for its global pertubation in the global carbon cycle, the formation of authigenic calcium carbonate concretions start in the Fur Formation. In a specific stratigraphic interval inbetween these concretions, the glendonites can be found. We will investigate if termperature changes or changes in geochemical parameters of the Danish Basin caused the sudden formation of ikaite during a time interval that was based on known paleoclimatic reconstructions (semi tropic) not favorable for ikaite formation.
We study population biology and life histories of DSE. Dark septate root endophytes (DSE) are ubiquitous fungal tree root colonizers in temperate and boreal conifer forest ecosystems. The supposedly asexual Phialocephala fortinii was identified as the main component of these DSE but constitutes a species complex in its own right. Species in this complex are morphologically indistinguishable with one exceptition; Acephala applanata was described as a new species which is characterized by the absence of aerial mycelium and slow growth rate. Application of biological, phylogenetic and population genetic species concepts will allow to discriminate additional species. The experimental programme is multi-disciplinary in approach, utilizing classical mycological and molecular genetic techniques.
Im Stromsektor stellen Herkunftsnachweise (HKN) das etablierte Nachweisinstrument dar, um die erneuerbare Eigenschaft von Strom nachzuverfolgen und einzelnen Verbrauchenden zuzuordnen. Welche Akteure HKN entwerten und Konten mit entsprechenden Rechten in HKN - Registern führen können, ist EU-weit nicht einheitlich geregelt. In Deutschland ist die Entwertung von HKN nur durch Elektrizitätsversorgungsunternehmen im Rahmen der Stromkennzeichnung zulässig, während in mehreren anderen europäischen Staaten auch eine HKN-Entwertung durch Letztverbrauchende oder spezialisierte Dienstleister etabliert ist. Ziel des vom Umweltbundesamt beauftragten Gutachtens ist es zu klären, welche Implikationen die Einführung eines Unternehmensentwertungsrechts (UN-ER) in Deutschland für den Strom-HKN-Markt hätte. Im Fokus steht die HKN-Entwertung zur Kennzeichnung des durch eingekauften Strom abgedeckten Stromverbrauchs (Scope 2 im Rahmen der Klimabilanzierung). Hierfür werden drei Analyseansätze kombiniert. Den Hintergrund bildet eine Kurzanalyse des europäischen und deutschen HKN-Markts sowie eine Auswertung zur HKN-Entwertungspraxis in Mitgliedsländern der Association of Issuing Bodies. Um mögliche Auswirkungen auf den HKN-Markt zu quantifizieren, wurde eine Szenarienmodellierung durchgeführt. Motive, die Unternehmen mit der Nutzung eines HKN-Entwertungsrechts verbinden, wurden mittelsStakeholderinterviews erforscht. Auf Basis dieser Analysen wird untersucht, welche Auswirkungen auf die Verfügbarkeit und Preise von HKN zu erwarten wären, und welche Nutzenwirkungen sich mit Blick auf die Energiewende erwarten lassen. Im Ergebnis könnte ein UN-ER zu einer organisatorischen Weiterentwicklung des HKN-Markts und einer effizienterenGestaltung von Nachweisprozessen beitragen. Eine energiewendeförderliche Wirkung kann sich insbesondere durch Nachfrageimpulse für eine qualitative Differenzierung des HKN- bzw. Ökostrommarkts ergeben. Allerdings ist eine Abwägung erforderlich gegenüber den Kosten der technischen und operativen Umsetzung, die im Rahmen der Studie nicht untersucht wurden.
In my Phd-study, I examine the resource conflict over industrial logging in the South Moresby area on Haida Gwaii (former Queen Charlotte Islands) from 1974 to 1993. On this remote archipelago on British Columbias west-coast, a fierce dispute over logging practices, land rights, Aboriginal land claims and environmental issues had emerged in the face of devastating logging practices were not only threatening to destroy large parts of Moresby Island but also resulted in the destruction of salmon streams. The two major natural resources available on the islands were at stake during the 'war in the woods.' Together with environmentalist, the Haida First Nation successfully fought for the preservation of Gwaii Haanas (South Moresby Island) with blockades, protests, environmental campaigns, lobbying and legal action. The area is now protected as the 'Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve.-' Using a cultural approach combining aspects of 'storytelling,' the 'cultural memory' and 'actor-network-theory' (ANT), the core question arises whether the (Western) dualisms between 'nature' and 'culture' and between 'fact' and 'fiction' should be dissolved. Latour argues that such dualisms and even the separation between the human and non-human world (i.e., the world of things) do not exist. Assmann claims that we do not necessarily remember what has really happened', but what was repeatedly told us to have happened. Along with Thomas King, J. Edward Chamberlin and William Cronon, I stress the point that stories - fictitious or based on facts - do matter. The effect of stories on the way we understand our past, might often be more important than that of 'hard' facts: Stories shape both a societys concept of the past and its present identity. Canada, with its heterogeneous population, is a particularly interesting place to conduct research about different concepts of 'nature' and culture'. Analyzing the different stories that evolved around South Moresby, and taking into account diverging messages of native and non-native stories, offers a new perspective on similar resource conflicts that continue to exist and arise all over the world.
Studying resource-scarce areas in South Asia and East Africa, this research project seeks to identify new livelihood strategies for groups vulnerable to exclusion, particularly strategies that diminish reliance on natural resources. Special attention is given to the governing institutional context in order to reveal ways of supporting equity-effective institutions. We thereby ask the following guiding questions: How the livelihoods are secured at present, and what is the situation specifically of food security? What kind of alternative livelihood options (including options to secure food) do exist in these contexts, or are being fostered by development interventions? Who has access to these opportunities (i.e. is included), and who not (i.e. is excluded)? What are the institutional processes that produce these exclusions or inclusion? And how could equity-effectiveness of the institutional context be supported? Finally - looking into the future, which scenarios of impacts of climate change on livelihood security (food production etc.) exist? Which impacts could these processes have onto the already contested field of securing livelihoods; and which policies are necessary to cope with this? Our in-depth study of the changing patterns of livelihood strategies and identification of enabling livelihood options for marginal communities in the face of resource and food scarcity and social conflicts - especially beyond the (presently dominant) focus on natural resources - contributes to a comprehensive understanding of social conflicts and processes of exclusion and inclusion of certain social groups in the marginal areas, and reveals avenues for alternative livelihood options and support structures. These insights will then be used for a 'research informed constructive dialogue' with concerned stakeholders and practitioners to find ways of improving existing practices by using transdisciplinary approach. Case studies: Transnational Land Deals and Local Livelihoods in Tanzania (Martina Locher) In recent years there has been a rapid growth in the number of investors from Western, Asian and Gulf countries acquiring large shares of agricultural land in poorer countries, in order to plant food or biofuel crops, for forestry plantations and many other purposes. The strong increase of such investments triggered a lively debate on their impacts in host countries. Supporters claim that they entail new income opportunities, improved technologies and infrastructure in rural areas. Critics draw attention to violations of (formal and informal) land rights held by local people, decreasing access to and degradation of natural resources, and ultimately increased food insecurity in the respective areas. In sub-Saharan Africa, a hotspot region for foreign investment, the rush for foreign land happens in a context of unstable farming existences. Population growth and climate change lead to increased pressure on natural resources. usw.
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