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Discursive fragmentation of the international forest regime complex: Towards a better understanding of multi-level forest policy discourses

This subproject aims to analyze the fragmentation of forest policy at both an international and national level for the selected countries, employing a discourse analysis approach. It is split into two sub-subprojects (SSPs). 'SSPa' conducts an analysis of discursive genealogies of forest policy in Germany, Sweden, and the US. 'SSPb' investigates the history of forest related discourses in three global environmental policy processes (UNFF, CBD, and UNFCCC). In doing so, both SSPs follow a three step procedure: In the first work package, relevant literature is reviewed and a theoretical and analytical framework is developed. In the second work package, empirical data (mostly formal and informal policy documents) are gathered and analyzed. In the third work package, emphasis is placed on the role of political 'elites' in the creation of fragmented forest policy discourses at different levels; in-depth interviews with policy stakeholders and experts add another perspective to the analysis in this work package. The project is expected to develop a new understanding not only of the fragmentation of multi-level and multi-sector forest policy discourses, but also of the way in which 'discourse elites' interact with and within these discourses. The results of the work packages will be published in peer reviewed journals and discussed with policy stakeholders and scientists in conferences and workshops.

Maps resulting from Spatial Prioritisation carried out for iAtlantic - Systematic Conservation Planning reported in D5.3 and included in MS25

This data publication contains maps resulting from spatial prioritisations conducted for the iAtlantic D5.3 report on Systematic Conservation Planning of the wider Atlantic Ocean based on results generated by the iAtlantic project. The maps were produced using the prioritizr R package (Hanson et al. 2023), which identifies priority areas for achieving specific conservation goals while minimising costs. The various prioritisations were developed to address multiple research questions related to: (1) identifying priority areas for conservation and restoration, (2) transboundary conservation, (3) climate-smart conservation planning, and (4) protecting 30% of the Atlantic Ocean, including 10% under strict protection. The results are organised into subfolders based on the research questions addressed and further categorised into data-rich and data-poor regions, along with aggregate results for each region. Further, the results are organised into subfolders representing multiple scenarios executed using various cost layers, including area-based, Global Fishing Watch (GFW, 2023) benthic, GFW total fishing, Global Fisheries Landings (GFL, Watson 2019) v4.0 benthic, and GFL v4.0 total landings. Each map filename provides descriptive information about the executed scenario.

Seawater carbonate chemistry and behavioural trait expression of polar invertebrates

Here, we examine the ecosystem ramifications of changes in sediment-dwelling invertebrate bioturbation behaviour—a key process mediating nutrient cycling—associated with nearfuture environmental conditions (+ 1.5 °C, 550 ppm [pCO2]) for species from polar regions experiencing rapid rates of climate change. This dataset is included in the OA-ICC data compilation maintained in the framework of the IAEA Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (see https://oa-icc.ipsl.fr). Original data were downloaded from Polar Data Centre (see Source) by the OA-ICC data curator. In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2024) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2024-07-11.

Die vertikale Dimension des Naturschutzes: Ein kostengünstiger Plan zur Einbeziehung unterirdischer Ökosysteme in die Biodiversitäts- und Klimaschutzagenden nach 2020

Subterrane Ökosysteme beherbergen eine breite Vielfalt spezialisierter und endemischer Organismen, die einen einzigartigen Bruchteil der globalen Vielfalt ausmachen. Darüber hinaus leisten sie entscheidende Beiträge der Natur für die Menschen – insbesondere die Bereitstellung von Trinkwasser für mehr als die Hälfte der Weltbevölkerung. Diese unsichtbaren Ökosysteme werden jedoch bei den Biodiversitäts- und Klimaschutzzielen für die Zeit nach 2020 übersehen. Nur 6,9 % der bekannten subterranen Ökosysteme überschneiden sich mit dem ´Netzwerk von Schutzgebieten. Zwei Haupthindernisse sind für diesen Mangel an Schutz verantwortlich. Erstens bleiben subterrane Biodiversitätsmuster weitgehend unkartiert. Zweitens fehlt uns ein mechanistisches Verständnis der Reaktion subterraner Arten auf vom Menschen verursachte Störungen. Das DarCo-Projekt zielt darauf ab, subterrane Biodiversität in ganz Europa zu kartieren und einen expliziten Plan zur Einbeziehung subterraner Ökosysteme in die Biodiversitätsstrategie der Europäischen Union (EU) für 2030 zu entwickeln. Zu diesem Zweck haben wir ein multidisziplinäres Team führender Wissenschaftler in subterraner Biologie und Makroökologie zusammengestellt und Naturschutz aus einem breiten Spektrum europäischer Länder. Das Projekt gliedert sich in drei Arbeitspakete, die der direkten Forschung gewidmet sind (WP2-4), plus ein viertes (WP5), das darauf abzielt, die Verbreitung der Ergebnisse und das Engagement der Interessengruppen für die praktische Umsetzung des Naturschutzes zu maximieren. Zunächst werden wir durch die Zusammenstellung bestehender Datenbanken und die Nutzung eines kapillaren Netzwerks internationaler Mitarbeiter Verbreitungsdaten, Merkmale und Phylogenien für alle wichtigen subterranen Tiergruppen sammeln, einschließlich Krebstiere, Mollusken, Insekten und Wirbeltiere (WP2). Diese Daten werden dazu dienen, die Reaktionen von Arten auf menschliche Bedrohungen mithilfe der hierarchischen Modellierung von Artengemeinschaften (WP3) vorherzusagen. Die Vorhersagen der Modelle zur Veränderung der biologischen Vielfalt werden die Grundlage für eine erste dynamische Kartierung des subterranen Lebens in Europa bilden. Durch die Verschneidung von Karten von Diversitätsmustern, Bedrohungen und Schutzgebieten werden wir einen Plan zum Schutz der subterranen Biodiversität entwerfen, der das aktuelle EU-Netzwerk von Schutzgebieten (Natura 2000) ergänzt und gleichzeitig klimabedingte Veränderungen in subterranen Ökoregionen berücksichtigt (WP4). Schließlich versuchen wir durch gezielte Aktivitäten in WP5, das gesellschaftliche Bewusstsein für subterrane Ökosysteme zu schärfen und Interessengruppen einzuladen, die subterrane Biodiversität in multilaterale Vereinbarungen einzubeziehen. In Übereinstimmung mit dem europäischen Plan S werden wir alle Daten offen und wiederverwendbar machen, indem wir eine zentralisierte und offene Datenbank zum subterranen Leben entwickeln – die Subterranean Biodiversity Platform.

Einrichtung eines laenderuebergreifenden Pool-Systems fuer Mehrwegverpackungen zur Schonung der Umwelt

Das internationale Pool-System fuer Mehrwegfischtransportverpackungen ist aufgebaut und etabliert sich zunehmend im Markt. 1996 konnten ueber 1,6 Mio. Vermietungen von Mehrwegboxen erzielt werden. Zur Zeit wird noch an der Entwicklung einer massgeschneiderten EDV-Loesung fuer unser internationales Mehrwegsystem gearbeitet.

Forschergruppe (FOR) 1598: From Catchments as Organised Systems to Models based on Dynamic Functional Units (CAOS)

Within phase 2 of the CAOS research unit we will work towards a holistic framework to explore how spatial organization alongside with spatial heterogeneity controls terrestrial water and energy cycles in intermediate scale catchments. 'Holistic' means for us to link the 'how' to the 'why' by drawing from generic understanding of landscape formation and biotic controls on processes and structures as well as to rely on exemplary experimental learning in a hypothesis and theory based manner. This also implies treatment of soil, vegetation and atmosphere as coupled system rather than a linear combination of different compartments. To jointly work towards this goal we propose 7 projects which will closely cooperate within two overarching work packages:WP1: Linking hydrological similarity with landscape structure across scalesWP2: Searching for appropriate catchment models and organizing principles. Within WP1 we will further refine the existing stratified multi-method and multi-sensor setup to search for functional entities in the Attert and, if they exist, to learn in an exemplary manner which structural features control functional characteristics. This essentially includes identification of suitable metrics to discriminate functional and structural similarity from data as well as identification of useful quantitative descriptors for the rather fuzzy term 'hydrological function'. Overall we aim to synthesize a protocol to decide 'where to assess which data for what reasons' for characterizing hydrological functioning across a scale range of four orders of magnitude.Within WP2 we will foster our distillery of parsimonious and nevertheless physically consistent model structures which rely on observable quantities and make use of symmetries in the landscape to simplify the governing model equations in a hypothesis based manner. To this end we will compare concurring model structures (among those the CAOS model) and work towards a framework for an objective model inter comparison with special emphasis on a) the added value of different data/information sources and b) on consistency of predictions with respect to distributed dynamics and integral flows. Additionally, we aim in WP2 at linking the 'how' to the 'why' by synthesizing testable hypotheses that could explain whether spatial organization has evolved in accordance with candidate organizing principles. Ecology, fluvial geomorphology and thermodynamics offer a large set of candidate organizing principles for this issue. Based on our recent work we will focus especially on thermodynamic limits and optimality principles like maximum entropy production, explore their value for uncalibrated hydrological predictions and work out the necessary requirements on data and models for testing these principles. We put special emphasis on a possible experimental falsification of these candidate principles; also in close collaboration with the B2-Landscape Evolution Observatory in Tucson, Arizona.

Mehrwegfaehige Gefahrgutverpackungen

BHKW-Wärmespeicher mit makrogekapselter PCM-Schüttung

Blockheizkraftwerke (BHKW) eignen sich besonders für dezentrale Strom- und Wärmekonzepte und bilden eine effiziente Regelenergiequelle für virtuelle Kraftwerke. Es ist daher notwendig, die Erzeugung von Strom und Wärme durch geeignete Speichersysteme im Tageslastgang weitestgehend zu entkoppeln. Latentwärmespeicher (LWS) ermöglichen im Vergleich zu Wasserspeicher höhere Speicherdichten, kommen aber aufgrund hoher Kosten bislang kaum zum Einsatz. Für kompakte Systemlösungen aus Klein-BHKW und Speicher wären jedoch höhere Speicherdichten jedoch wünschenswert. Zielstellung des Projektes ist daher die Untersuchung von Makroverkapselungen für Latentspeichermedien (PCM) auf der Basis von Beutelverpackungen, mit denen die Speicherkosten reduziert werden können. Durch eine modulare Bauweise des Speichers wird zudem eine Anpassung an verschiedene Anwendungsfälle ermöglicht.

Geochemical parameters in peat depth profiles from ombrotrophic bogs in North and Central Europe. Drebbersches Moor, Germany

This dataset contains geochemical variables measured in six depth profiles from ombrotrophic peatlands in North and Central Europe. Peat cores were taken during the spring and summer of 2022 from Amtsvenn (AV1), Germany; Drebbersches Moor (DM1), Germany; Fochteloër Veen (FV1), the Netherlands; Bagno Kusowo (KR1), Poland; Pichlmaier Moor (PI1), Austria and Pürgschachen Moor (PM1), Austria. The cores AV1, DM1 and KR1 were taken using a Wardenaar sampler (Royal Eijkelkamp, Giesbeek, the Netherlands) and had diameter of 10 cm. The cores FV1, PM1 and PI1 had an 8 cm diameter and were obtained using an Instorf sampler (Royal Eijkelkamp, Giesbeek, the Netherlands). The cores FV1, DM1 and KR1 were 100 cm, core AV1 was 95 cm, core PI1 was 85 cm and core PM1 was 200 cm. The cores were subsampeled in 1 cm (AV1, DM1, KR1, FV1) and 2 cm (PI1, PM1) sections. The subsamples were milled after freeze drying in a ballmill using tungen carbide accesoires. X-Ray Fluorescence (WD-XRF; ZSX Primus II, Rigaku, Tokyo, Japan) was used to determine Al (μg g-1), As (μg g-1), Ba (μg g-1), Br (μg g-1), Ca (g g-1), Cl (μg g-1), Cr (μg g-1), Cu (μg g-1), Fe (g g-1), K (g g-1), Mg (μg g-1), Mn (μg g-1), Na (μg g-1), P (μg g-1), Pb (μg g-1), Rb (μg g-1), S (μg g-1), Si (μg g-1), Sr (μg g-1), Ti (μg g-1) and Zn (μg g-1). These data were processed and calibrated using the iloekxrf package (Teickner & Knorr, 2024) in R. C, N and their stable isotopes were determined using an elemental analyser linked to an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (EA-3000, Eurovector, Pavia, Italy & Nu Horizon, Nu Instruments, Wrexham, UK). C and N were given in units g g-1 and stable isotopes were given as δ13C and δ15N for stable isotopes of C and N, respectively. Raw data C, N and stable isotope data were calibrated with certified standard and blank effects were corrected with the ilokeirms package (Teickner & Knorr, 2024). Using Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-MIR) (Agilent Cary 670 FTIR spectromter, Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, Ca, USA) humification indices (HI) were determined. Spectra were recorded from 600 cm-1 to 4000 cm-1 with a resolution of 2 cm-1 and baselines corrected with the ir package (Teickner, 2025) to estimate relative peack heights. The HI (no unit) for each sample was calculated by taking the ratio of intensities at 1630 cm-1 to the intensities at 1090 cm-1. Bulk densities (g cm-3) were estimated from FT-MIR data (Teickner et al., in preparation).

REVEALS reconstruction of past vegetation cover with optimized RPP values for European samples

This data set presents the reconstructed vegetation cover for 1451 European sites based on harmonized pollen data from the data set LegacyPollen 2.0 and optimized RPP values. Sugita's REVEALS model (2007) was applied to all pollen records using REVEALSinR from the DISQOVER package (Theuerkauf et al. 2016). Pollen counts were translated into vegetation cover by taking into account taxon-specific pollen productivity and fall speed. Additionally, relevant source areas of pollen were also calculated using the aforementioned taxon-specific parameters and a gaussian plume model for deposition and dispersal and forest cover was reconstructed. In this optimized reconstruction, relative pollen productivity estimates for the ten most common taxa were first optimized by using reconstructed tree cover from modern pollen samples and LANDSAT remotely sensed tree cover (Sexton et al. 2013) for Europe. Values for non-optimized taxa for relative pollen productivity and fall speed were taken from the synthesis from Wiezcorek and Herzschuh (2020). The average values from all Northern Hemisphere values were used where taxon-specific continental values were not available. We present tables with optimized reconstructed vegetation cover for all records in Europe. As further details we list a table with the taxon-specific parameters used and a list of parameters adjusted in the default version of REVEALSinR.

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