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Seawater carbonate chemistry and behavioural trait expression of polar invertebrates

Here, we examine the ecosystem ramifications of changes in sediment-dwelling invertebrate bioturbation behaviour—a key process mediating nutrient cycling—associated with nearfuture environmental conditions (+ 1.5 °C, 550 ppm [pCO2]) for species from polar regions experiencing rapid rates of climate change. This dataset is included in the OA-ICC data compilation maintained in the framework of the IAEA Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (see https://oa-icc.ipsl.fr). Original data were downloaded from Polar Data Centre (see Source) by the OA-ICC data curator. In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2024) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2024-07-11.

Maps resulting from Spatial Prioritisation carried out for iAtlantic - Systematic Conservation Planning reported in D5.3 and included in MS25

This data publication contains maps resulting from spatial prioritisations conducted for the iAtlantic D5.3 report on Systematic Conservation Planning of the wider Atlantic Ocean based on results generated by the iAtlantic project. The maps were produced using the prioritizr R package (Hanson et al. 2023), which identifies priority areas for achieving specific conservation goals while minimising costs. The various prioritisations were developed to address multiple research questions related to: (1) identifying priority areas for conservation and restoration, (2) transboundary conservation, (3) climate-smart conservation planning, and (4) protecting 30% of the Atlantic Ocean, including 10% under strict protection. The results are organised into subfolders based on the research questions addressed and further categorised into data-rich and data-poor regions, along with aggregate results for each region. Further, the results are organised into subfolders representing multiple scenarios executed using various cost layers, including area-based, Global Fishing Watch (GFW, 2023) benthic, GFW total fishing, Global Fisheries Landings (GFL, Watson 2019) v4.0 benthic, and GFL v4.0 total landings. Each map filename provides descriptive information about the executed scenario.

Geochemical parameters in peat depth profiles from ombrotrophic bogs in North and Central Europe. Drebbersches Moor, Germany

This dataset contains geochemical variables measured in six depth profiles from ombrotrophic peatlands in North and Central Europe. Peat cores were taken during the spring and summer of 2022 from Amtsvenn (AV1), Germany; Drebbersches Moor (DM1), Germany; Fochteloër Veen (FV1), the Netherlands; Bagno Kusowo (KR1), Poland; Pichlmaier Moor (PI1), Austria and Pürgschachen Moor (PM1), Austria. The cores AV1, DM1 and KR1 were taken using a Wardenaar sampler (Royal Eijkelkamp, Giesbeek, the Netherlands) and had diameter of 10 cm. The cores FV1, PM1 and PI1 had an 8 cm diameter and were obtained using an Instorf sampler (Royal Eijkelkamp, Giesbeek, the Netherlands). The cores FV1, DM1 and KR1 were 100 cm, core AV1 was 95 cm, core PI1 was 85 cm and core PM1 was 200 cm. The cores were subsampeled in 1 cm (AV1, DM1, KR1, FV1) and 2 cm (PI1, PM1) sections. The subsamples were milled after freeze drying in a ballmill using tungen carbide accesoires. X-Ray Fluorescence (WD-XRF; ZSX Primus II, Rigaku, Tokyo, Japan) was used to determine Al (μg g-1), As (μg g-1), Ba (μg g-1), Br (μg g-1), Ca (g g-1), Cl (μg g-1), Cr (μg g-1), Cu (μg g-1), Fe (g g-1), K (g g-1), Mg (μg g-1), Mn (μg g-1), Na (μg g-1), P (μg g-1), Pb (μg g-1), Rb (μg g-1), S (μg g-1), Si (μg g-1), Sr (μg g-1), Ti (μg g-1) and Zn (μg g-1). These data were processed and calibrated using the iloekxrf package (Teickner & Knorr, 2024) in R. C, N and their stable isotopes were determined using an elemental analyser linked to an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (EA-3000, Eurovector, Pavia, Italy & Nu Horizon, Nu Instruments, Wrexham, UK). C and N were given in units g g-1 and stable isotopes were given as δ13C and δ15N for stable isotopes of C and N, respectively. Raw data C, N and stable isotope data were calibrated with certified standard and blank effects were corrected with the ilokeirms package (Teickner & Knorr, 2024). Using Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-MIR) (Agilent Cary 670 FTIR spectromter, Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, Ca, USA) humification indices (HI) were determined. Spectra were recorded from 600 cm-1 to 4000 cm-1 with a resolution of 2 cm-1 and baselines corrected with the ir package (Teickner, 2025) to estimate relative peack heights. The HI (no unit) for each sample was calculated by taking the ratio of intensities at 1630 cm-1 to the intensities at 1090 cm-1. Bulk densities (g cm-3) were estimated from FT-MIR data (Teickner et al., in preparation).

Geochemical parameters in peat depth profiles from ombrotrophic bogs in North and Central Europe. Pürgschachen Moor, Austria

This dataset contains geochemical variables measured in six depth profiles from ombrotrophic peatlands in North and Central Europe. Peat cores were taken during the spring and summer of 2022 from Amtsvenn (AV1), Germany; Drebbersches Moor (DM1), Germany; Fochteloër Veen (FV1), the Netherlands; Bagno Kusowo (KR1), Poland; Pichlmaier Moor (PI1), Austria and Pürgschachen Moor (PM1), Austria. The cores AV1, DM1 and KR1 were taken using a Wardenaar sampler (Royal Eijkelkamp, Giesbeek, the Netherlands) and had diameter of 10 cm. The cores FV1, PM1 and PI1 had an 8 cm diameter and were obtained using an Instorf sampler (Royal Eijkelkamp, Giesbeek, the Netherlands). The cores FV1, DM1 and KR1 were 100 cm, core AV1 was 95 cm, core PI1 was 85 cm and core PM1 was 200 cm. The cores were subsampeled in 1 cm (AV1, DM1, KR1, FV1) and 2 cm (PI1, PM1) sections. The subsamples were milled after freeze drying in a ballmill using tungen carbide accesoires. X-Ray Fluorescence (WD-XRF; ZSX Primus II, Rigaku, Tokyo, Japan) was used to determine Al (μg g-1), As (μg g-1), Ba (μg g-1), Br (μg g-1), Ca (g g-1), Cl (μg g-1), Cr (μg g-1), Cu (μg g-1), Fe (g g-1), K (g g-1), Mg (μg g-1), Mn (μg g-1), Na (μg g-1), P (μg g-1), Pb (μg g-1), Rb (μg g-1), S (μg g-1), Si (μg g-1), Sr (μg g-1), Ti (μg g-1) and Zn (μg g-1). These data were processed and calibrated using the iloekxrf package (Teickner & Knorr, 2024) in R. C, N and their stable isotopes were determined using an elemental analyser linked to an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (EA-3000, Eurovector, Pavia, Italy & Nu Horizon, Nu Instruments, Wrexham, UK). C and N were given in units g g-1 and stable isotopes were given as δ13C and δ15N for stable isotopes of C and N, respectively. Raw data C, N and stable isotope data were calibrated with certified standard and blank effects were corrected with the ilokeirms package (Teickner & Knorr, 2024). Using Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-MIR) (Agilent Cary 670 FTIR spectromter, Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, Ca, USA) humification indices (HI) were determined. Spectra were recorded from 600 cm-1 to 4000 cm-1 with a resolution of 2 cm-1 and baselines corrected with the ir package (Teickner, 2025) to estimate relative peack heights. The HI (no unit) for each sample was calculated by taking the ratio of intensities at 1630 cm-1 to the intensities at 1090 cm-1. Bulk densities (g cm-3) were estimated from FT-MIR data (Teickner et al., in preparation).

Unified Airborne Active and Passive Microwave Measurements over Arctic Sea Ice and Ocean during the HALO-(AC)³ Campaign in Spring 2022 (v2.7)

The Halo Microwave Package (HAMP), deployed onboard the High Altitude and LOng range research aircraft (HALO), performed measurements over the Arctic ocean and sea-ice during the HALO-(AC)³ campaign in March and April 2022. After the transfer flight (RF01) from Oberpfaffenhofen (Germany), 17 research flight (RF) days started from Kiruna, Sweden and heading northwards to the Fram Strait and central Arctic. Here, HAMP measurements were taken in different weather conditions comprising high impact synoptic events such as warm air intrusions, atmospheric rivers, cold air outbreaks or polar lows. We provide a dataset of active and passive microwave HAMP measurements, i.e. from the cloud and precipitation radar and the radiometers respectively. The radar operates at a frequency of 35 GHz while the microwave radiometer measurements comprise 25 channels in the frequency range between 22 and 190 GHz. Our dataset delivers time-series of brightness temperatures from the radiometers, and the radar reflectivity factor and linear depolarization ratio from the radar in a unified format. The unified and processed dataset provides the post-calibrated and quality-controlled measurements from both devices in a collocated temporal 1 Hz resolution applicable for joint analysis. An adherent surface mask distinguishes between three predominant overpassed surface types (land, sea, and sea-ice). The radar measurements are further unified in a vertical grid having 30 m resolution. Our unified dataset allows for wide-spread analysis of evolving arctic cloud and moisture properties over the remote Arctic ocean.

Physical oceanography during RV MARIA S. MERIAN cruise MSM123

Physical oceanography data was acquired by a ship-based Seabird SBE911plus CTD-Rosette system onboard RV MARIA S. MERIAN during research cruise MSM123. The CTD system is comprised of a Seabird SBE911plus including dual respectively redundant sensor and pump packages. The SBE11plus Deck Unit remains on board in a laboratory and supplies on one hand power to the SBE9plus underwater unit, on the other hand data telemetry between the SBE9plus and a measurement PC. The SBE9plus underwater unit itself holds a pressure sensor and is interfacing with dual SEB3 temperature, SBE4 conductivity and SBE43 oxygen sensors, as well as two SBE5 pumps to provide a pumped water supply past each sensor. The system also carries an optical FLNTU sensor to measure a combination of back-scattering, turbidity, and chlorophyll-a. To quantify the photo-synthetically active radiation a PAR sensor is installed as well.

Energieeffizienteres Recyclingverfahren von Altpapier

Die Papierfabrik Palm GmbH & Co. KG, mit Unternehmenssitz in Aalen (Baden-Württemberg), plant Wellpappenrohpapier aus Altpapier zukünftig äußerst energieeffizient bei hoher Qualität herzustellen. Im Vergleich zu konventioneller Technik wird der Energieverbrauch mit einer neuen Technologie um 27 Prozent reduziert. Das Pilotprojekt wird aus dem Umweltinnovationsprogramm mit über 770.000 Euro gefördert. Wellpappenrohpapiere, die das Ausgangsprodukt für Verpackungen sind, werden in einem ständig optimierten Recyclingprozess zu 100 Prozent aus verschiedenen Sorten Altpapier hergestellt. Dabei kommt es vor, dass auch noch wertvolle verwertbare Fasern gemeinsam mit den im Altpapier vorhandenen Störstoffen aussortiert werden und dem Prozess verloren gehen. Daher ist es sinnvoll, die Auflöseaggregate den jeweiligen Festigkeitseigenschaften der verwendeten Altpapiere anzupassen. Mit einer neuartigen Zerfaserungstechnologie für Altpapier soll das bei der Papierfabrik Palm umgesetzt werden. Ziel des innovativen Projektes ist es, die Faserausbeute bei geringerem Energieeinsatz auf nahezu 100 Prozent zu erhöhen. Die technische Lösung hinter dem optimierten Recyclingprozess ist das 'Green Pulping Concept', bei dem zwei Pulpingtechnologien miteinander verknüpft werden. Bei einer jährlichen Produktionsmenge von 750.000 Tonnen Wellpappenrohpapiere kann das Familienunternehmen so 7.440 Megawattstunden Energie einsparen und als Folge dessen den Ausstoß von CO2-Emissionen um 2.403 Tonnen verringern. Bedingt durch die hohe Festigkeit des aufbereiteten Papiers werden zudem weniger chemische Additive eingesetzt und das Kreislaufwasser wird entlastet. Die innovative Technologie ist grundsätzlich auch auf andere Papierfabriken übertragbar, sodass ein Multiplikatoreffekt für die gesamte Branche möglich ist. Mit dem Umweltinnovationsprogramm wird die erstmalige, großtechnische Anwendung einer innovativen Technologie gefördert. Das Vorhaben muss über den Stand der Technik hinausgehen und sollte Demonstrationscharakter haben.

Vorhersage der Stabilität von Lebensgemeinschaften aus dem Beitrag einzelner Arten zu Resistenz, Resilienz und Erholung

Ökologische Stabilität ist der Schlüssel zur Vorhersage der Folgen von Umweltveränderungen, denn sie umfasst Aspekte der Antwort auf verschiedene Störungsszenarien, zum Beispiel die Fähigkeit, Veränderungen zu widerstehen, diese zu absorbieren oder sich von ihnen zu erholen. Die wichtigsten Fortschritte bei der wissenschaftlichen Bewertung der ökologischen Stabilität in jüngster Zeit ergaben sich aus i) der Anerkennung der mehrdimensionalen Natur der Stabilität, ii) der Unterscheidung zwischen der Stabilität funktioneller Eigenschaften eines Ökosystems und der Stabilität der Zusammensetzung der Gemeinschaft und iii) der Erkenntnis der Bedeutung der räumlichen Dynamik für das Verständnis der lokalen Stabilitätseigenschaften. Trotz dieser Fortschritte wird unser Verständnis der Stabilität (und ihrer Verwendung in den Ökologie- und Umweltwissenschaften) immer noch durch unsere Unfähigkeit behindert, die Stabilität der Gemeinschaft anhand artspezifischer Leistungen und Merkmale vorherzusagen. Das Verständnis der Beiträge der Arten zur Stabilität ist das Hauptziel dieses Projektantrages. Wir werden Metriken verfeinern und testen, die die Reaktionen der Arten auf sich ändernde Umgebungen erfassen, und diese Metriken verwenden, um die Stabilität von Lebensgemeinschaften anhand der Leistung einzelner Arten vorherzusagen und die vorhergesagte Stabilität mit der beobachteten zu vergleichen. Die Arbeit ist in vier Arbeitspakete unterteilt, die Simulationen und Datenanalyse (WP 1) kombinieren mit drei experimentellen Arbeitspaketen zunehmender Komplexität (WP2-4). Die Metaanalyse in WP 1 verwendet kürzlich entwickelte Methoden zur Zerlegung von Stabilität, um Arten zu identifizieren, die zur Stabilität oder Verwundbarkeit in verschiedenen Arten von Ökosystemen und Organismen beitragen. Für die Experimente werden marine Planktongemeinschaften unterschiedlichen Trends und Temperaturschwankungen ausgesetzt sein. Diese Experimente werden von einem Bottom-up-Ansatz ausgehen, bei dem Arten mit bekannten Reaktionen zu Artenpaaren und Zusammenstellungen mit geringer Diversität kombiniert werden, wobei die erwartete mit der beobachteten Stabilität verglichen wird (WP 2). In WP 3 werden wir mithilfe eines Metacommunity-Setups testen, wie die Vorhersagbarkeit von Stabilitätsaspekten wie Resistenz, Resilienz, Erholungsfähigkeit und zeitliche Stabilität von der Konnektivität im Raum abhängt. Schließlich werden wir Mesokosmen verwenden, um zu testen, ob dieselben Merkmale die Stabilität der Phytoplanktongemeinschaft in Abwesenheit oder Gegenwart eines generalistischen Zooplankton-Verbrauchers beeinflussen.

Sachstand über gefährliche Stoffe in Produkten aus Massenkunststoffen und Ableitung von Anforderungen an Rezyklate

Um das Ziel der Stärkung des Kunststoffrecyclings im Sinne der zirkulären Ökonomie zu erreichen, ist es notwendig, die Kenntnis über Additive, gefährliche Stoffe (eingestuft gemäß CLP-Verordnung oder SHVC nach REACH) und Degradationsprodukte in Kunststoffen sowie über Kontaminationen in Kunststoffabfällen zu vertiefen. Das Vorhaben soll an die Ergebnisse des Berichtes UM 19 34 5080 anknüpfen und die Frage des Gehaltes an gefährlichen Stoffen und der Rezyklatqualität für Produkte aus Massenkunststoffen wie Haushaltswaren, Sport/Spiel/Freizeit, Möbel, Landwirtschaft und Verpackungen untersuchen. Ziele des Vorhabens sind: 1) Gesamtüberblick über die Verwendung von gefährlichen Stoffen in Kunststoffen, welche üblicherweise für die betrachteten Anwendungen zum Einsatz kommen, 2) Identifizierung und Entwicklung von Verfahren zur Identifikation und Quantifizierung gefährlicher Stoffe zur Beurteilung des Aufbereitungserfolges und 3) Ableitung von Anforderungen an Kunststoffrezyklate für ausgewählte Einsatzbereiche.

EU Climate Policy Tracker

The EU Climate Policy Tracker (EU CPT) presents up-to-date developments in climate and energy policies in the EU-27. Although government policy is the single most influential driver behind the fight against climate change, there is limited information about the status of the policies that influence increases or decreases in emissions. The EU Climate Policy Tracker (EU CPT) is intended to bridge this gap. The project holds two references in focus at the same time: a 2050 goal of near total decarbonisation, and our current policy trajectory. A uniquely developed scoring method, modelled on appliance efficiency labels (A-G), gives an indication of how Member States are doing compared to a low-carbon policy package. This results in aggregated scores, supported with a rich background of information, for all Member States, at EU level, and for different economic sectors. The project is intended to be a resource for those seeking information, a means of sharing best practice, and a way of holding policymakers to account. In 2011 we updated our initial rating from November 2010. The findings of 2010 showed that the average score across the EU was an E, indicating that the level of effort needed to treble to be on track to reach the 2050 vision. Looking at the developments in 2011, we can see that there has been considerable activity in many countries, though the overall scoring has generally remained constant: positive actions are counteracted by negative developments or budget cuts. The EU CPT is a joint project by Ecofys and WWF. The project is funded by the European Climate Foundation. Visit the EU Climate Policy Tracker on: www.climatepolicytracker.eu.

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