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Element concentrations from two benthic chambers and the ambient bottom water during an in-situ incubation experiment in July 2025

The dataset contains major and trace element concentrations measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) from water samples collected during a 16-day in-situ incubation experiment in the Baltic Sea (2025-07-12 to 2025-07-29). Samples were collected using an automated glass-syringe sampler deployed within two benthic chambers of a Biogeochemical Observatory (BIGO, Sommer et al., 2009) at 54° 34.432' N, 10° 10.776' E, at 22 m water depth. In one chamber, 29 g of fine calcite powder were added to the bottom water to assess the potential of enhanced benthic calcite weathering as an ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) strategy. Seven samples per chamber and from the ambient bottom water were analyzed to trace elemental changes associated with calcite dissolution.

Nutrient concentrations from two benthic chambers and the ambient bottom water during an in-situ incubation experiment in July 2025

The dataset contains dissolved nutrient concentrations from water samples collected during a 16-day in-situ incubation experiment in the Baltic Sea (2025-07-12 to 2025-07-29). Samples were collected using an automated glass-syringe sampler deployed within two benthic chambers of a Biogeochemical Observatory (BIGO, Sommer et al., 2009) at 54° 34.432' N, 10° 10.776' E, at 22 m water depth. In one chamber, 29 g of fine calcite powder were added to the bottom water as part of an enhanced benthic calcite weathering experiment. Seven samples per chamber and from the ambient bottom water were analyzed to assess potential nutrient fluxes associated with the calcite addition and benthic biogeochemical processes.

Mytilus edulis growth rates from a three-month mesocosm experiment, Sylt, 2022

This dataset contains individual-level measurements of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis collected during a controlled mesocosm experiment at Sylt, Germany. Data were collected over a three-month period from 2 April 2022 to 27 June 2022. The experiment comprised twelve mesocosms, with four maintained at ambient temperature, four maintained at +1.5°C above ambient, and four at +3 °C above ambient. Observations include shell length, shell-length growth rates, and multiple biomass fractions, including total wet weight, wet tissue mass weight, shell-free dry weight, and ash-free dry weight, from which weight-based growth rates were calculated. All measurements were obtained using standard, traceable laboratory and field instruments. The dataset documents individual-level growth responses of M. edulis under controlled warming conditions and provides a reproducible resource for studies on physiological responses of coastal bivalves to temperature changes.

Alkalinity concentrations from two benthic chambers and the ambient bottom water during an in-situ incubation experiment in July 2025

The dataset contains total alkalinity measurements from water samples collected during a 16-day in-situ incubation experiment in the Baltic Sea (2025-07-12 to 2025-07-29). Samples were collected using an automated glass-syringe sampler deployed within two benthic chambers of a Biogeochemical Observatory (BIGO, Sommer et al., 2009) at 54° 34.432' N, 10° 10.776' E, at 22 m water depth. In one chamber, 29 g of fine calcite powder were added to the bottom water. Seven samples per chamber and from the ambient bottom water were taken to monitor alkalinity changes resulting from calcite dissolution, providing a direct measure of the ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE)

Dezernat 400 Wasseranalytik, Luftschadstoffe, spezielle organische Analytik

Das Dezernat 400 ist eine Organisationseinheit der Abteilung Gemeinschaftslabor für Umweltanalytik im LUNG. Hier werden chemische Untersuchungen von Wasserproben in Fließgewässer, Seen, Grundwasser und Abwasser auf bis zu 33 verschiedene Inhaltsstoffe folgender Kriteriengruppen: - Sauerstoffhaushalt und organisatorische Belastung - Pflanznährstoffe - Versalzung - Schwermetalle - Halogenorganika (Summe) vorgenommen.

Project OTC-Genomics: Environmental and microbial time series data from the Warnow estuary and the Baltic Sea coast

Estuaries and coasts are characterized by ecological dynamics that bridge the boundary between habitats, such as fresh and marine water bodies or the open sea and the land. Because of this, these ecosystems harbor ecosystem functions that shaped human history. At the same time, they display distinct dynamics on large and small temporal and spatial scales, impeding their study. Within the framework of the OTC-Genomics project, we compiled a data set describing the community composition as well as abiotic state of an estuary and the coastal region close to it with unprecedented spatio-temporal resolution. We sampled fifteen locations in a weekly to twice weekly rhythm for a year across the Warnow river estuary and the Baltic Sea coast. From those samples, we measured temperature, salinity, and the concentrations of Chlorophyll a, phosphate, nitrate, and nitrite (physico-chemical data); we sequenced the 16S and 18S rRNA gene to explore taxonomic community composition (sequencing data and bioinformatic processing workflow); we quantified cell abundances via flow cytometry (flow cytometry data); and we measured organic trace substances in the water (organic pollutants data). Processed data products are further available on figshare.

Continuous thermosalinograph oceanography along RV ALKOR cruise track AL644

Underway temperature and salinity data was collected along the cruise track with a SBE21 thermosalinograph (TSG) together with a SBE38 Thermometer. Both systems worked throughout the cruise. While temperature is taken at the water inlet in about 4 m depth, salinity is calculated within the interior TSG from conductivity and interior temperature. No temperature validation was performed. Salinity was validated with independent water samples taken at the water inlet. For details to all processing steps see Data Processing Report.

Oxygen consumption rate, organic carbon and grain size data for intertidal sediments and oxygen concentration of pore waters data of Spiekeroog Island North Beach, May 2022 to April 2023

The permeable sandy sediments of beach aquifers receive a high input of electron acceptors, such as oxygen (O2), as well as fresh organic matter through seawater infiltration, driving the biogeochemical turnover in the subterranean estuary. Here, we experimentally determined seasonal sedimentary O2 consumption rates of intertidal sediments along a transect in the seawater infiltration zone at Spiekeroog Island North Beach, Germany, and present the data together with measurements of organic carbon and grain sizes, oxygen concentration of pore waters and beach topography. The samples were taken down to 1 m depth during two-monthly sampling campaigns from May 2022 to April 2023. Preliminary investigations of O2 consumption rates took place in in March, June and August 2017. Sediment and porewater sampling procedures were carried out as described by Massmann et al. (2023). O2 consumption rates were determined in slurry incubations of the retrieved sediments using gas tight vials (Labco Exetainer® 12 ml) equipped with O2 sensor spots (Pyroscience, OXSP5). Incubations were carried out in the dark at in situ temperatures, and vials were mounted on a rotating wheel to mimic porewater advection. The sediment's total organic carbon content was determined in a CS analyser (Eltra CS 800). Additionally, the fine fraction of the sediment was washed out and the organic carbon content of the fine sediments was measured in a CHNSO analyser (Hekatech Euro EA). The grain size distribution of the sediments was detemined using dynamic image analysis (Sympatec QICPIC). The O2 concentration in the pore water along the transect was measured immediately after the sample was taken using a flow-through oxygen optode (Pyroscience, OXFTC). The data was collected to investigate the impact of seasonal inputs and filtration efficiency on the O2 consumption during seawater infiltration into the permeable sands of beach aquifers.

Carbonate chemistry speciation of the 2023 KOSMOS Helgoland experiment on the effects of ocean alkalinity enhancement on pelagic foodwebs

This dataset contains carbonate chemistry speciation data of the 2023 KOSMOS mesocosm study on Helgoland, Germany. This study tested the effects of ocean alkalinity enhancement simulating lime additions on pelagic ecosystem functioning during a spring bloom. Carbonate chemistry speciation (fCO2, pHT, calcium carbonate saturation state) was generally calculated from measurements of total alkalinity (TA) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in depth-integrated water samples. There were 12 mesocosms in total and in 6 of them an alkalinity gradient of up to +1250 umol/kg was established in steps of 250 umol/kg. In the remaining 6 the same amount of alkalinity was added only to the upper portion of the mesocosms, resulting in twice the alkalinity increase there, before being mixed in after 48 hours. The two treatments simulated the immediate dilution of TA after ship deployment as well as a delayed one from a point source.

Updated global compilation of coccolithophore calcification measurements from unperturbed water samples including ancillary data

This database expands the Poulton et al., 2018 (doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.888182) database of pelagic calcium carbonate (CP) rate measurements from isotopic tracer uptake in incubated discrete water samples, as discussed in Daniels et al., 2018 (doi:10.5194/essd-10-1859-2018), and accompanies Marsh et al. (in prep.). The database now includes more CP (new data n = 400; complete database n = 3165), net primary production rate (PP) (new data n = 399; complete database n = 3150), total coccolithophore cell counts (new data n = 240; complete database n = 1512), and Emiliania huxleyi cell counts (new data n = 27; complete database n = 612). This expanded database maintains the record of data, including the principal investigator, expedition, OS region, doi reference (where available), collection date and year, sample ID, latitude, longitude, sampling and light depth, and method of measuring CP. We further expand the Poulton et al. (2018) data collection by including ancillary and environmental data, including: optical depth (OD, n = 3165), pHtotal (hereinafter referred to as pHT, n = 398), temperature (n = 1160), salinity (n = 1161), and the concentrations of chlorophyll a (n = 1363), NOx (NO3 or the sum of NO3 + NO2, n = 1161), silicic acid (Si(OH)4, n= 1156), phosphate (PO4, n = 1232), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC, n = 318), total alkalinity (TA, n = 307), bicarbonate ion concentration (n = 349), and carbonate ion concentration (n = 352). All data was matched to CP, sample bottle identifiers (Niskin bottle numbers), and/or sampling depth values. This global database (81 °N - 64 °S, 132 °E - 174 °W) now covers expeditions and upper ocean measurements (0 - 193 m) from 1989 to 2024. Global in-situ geolocated data spanning time is valuable for modelling, satellite algorithms, and capturing calcium carbonate production in the global ocean. This expanded database, including the environmental, nutrient, chlorophyll a, and carbonate chemistry data, also allows for analysis of factors influencing calcium carbonate production on a global scale. This data amalgamation contributes to understanding the biogeochemistry of the oceans, global carbon cycle, and ocean acidification.

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