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Light effects on the vertical positioning of the freshwater jellyfish (Craspedacusta sowerbii Lankester, 1880)

We experimentally manipulated the presence of light and light intensity (F = 36.7 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹; D = 0 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹; L = 4.8 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹; M = 21.4 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹) and tested their effects on the vertical positioning of the freshwater jellyfish (Craspedacusta sowerbii) medusae. For the experiments, approximately 100 C. sowerbii medusae were collected in August 2017 in two lakes (Haager Weiher and Leitner Weiher) in Bavaria, Germany. Testing was carried out at Seeon Limnological Station in close vicinity to the collection site. The experimental columns were 7.4 cm in diameter and 170 cm high and were marked with horizontal lines every 5 cm for visual position estimation. Four replicates run in parallel. One C. sowerbii medusa was used in each experimental column. Data cover three light treatments, each run twice: 1) 16:8 h full light (F)–dark (D) light intensity cycles (nF = 716, nD = 428), 2) 16:8 h full light (F)–full dark (D) light intensity cycles complemented with low (L) and medium (M) light intensities (nF = 96, nM = 96, nL = 48, nD = 288), and 3) altered light intensities in approximately 2-hour periods randomly among dark, low, medium, and full light intensities (nF = 96, nM = 76, nL = 72, nD = 336). Results show that light alone was sufficient to trigger a vertical position change of jellyfish towards the water surface, especially high light.

Umweltvorstellungen und ihre Verdinglichungen; Medizinische Topographien als Quelle für die interdisziplinäre Umweltgeschichte: Städtische Umwelten und ihre Wahrnehmung im Spiegel medizinischer Topographien des 18. und 19. Jahrhunderts

Im 18. und 19. Jahrhundert nehmen die medizinischen Topographien, manchmal auch hygienische oder sanitäre Ortsbeschreibungen genannt, einen wichtigen Platz in der zeitgenössischen Medizinalliteratur ein: Veranlasst durch Verwaltungsvorschriften ('medicinische Policey') oder auch Preisfragen wissenschaftlicher Akademien verfassten Ärzte detaillierte Beschreibungen der Gebiete, in denen sie tätig waren, mit dem Anspruch, alles zu erfassen und zu schildern, was als die Gesundheit der EinwohnerInnen beeinflussend betrachtet wurde - Klimadaten, Wasser- und Luftanalysen sowie demografischen Statistiken haben dort ebenso ihren Platz wie Erörterungen zu städtebaulichen Gegebenheiten oder zu Ernährung und Lebensweise der EinwohnerInnen. Diese Berichte sollten dazu dienen, den zuständigen Behörden einen Maßnahmenkatalog an die Hand zu geben, um die hygienischen Bedingungen in den Städten zu verbessern, wandten sich aber auch in aufklärerischer Absicht an die Bevölkerung. Bisher wurden solche Ortsbeschreibungen vor allem unter medizinhistorischen und volkskundlichen Aspekten als Quellen genutzt. In diesem Projekt sollen medizinische Topographien von großen deutschen Städten unter einer umweltgeschichtlichen Perspektive ausgewertet werden, um die Wahrnehmungs- und Umgehensweisen der Autoren bezüglich ihrer Umwelt, sowohl der naturalen als auch der anthropogen gestalteten, herauszuarbeiten.

Virusnachweis aus Oberflächengewässern

Goals: A laboratory method for detection of enteropathogenic Viruses (e.g. Adenovirus) from surface (bathing) waters was established and five sampling sites monitored. The project aims at finding infectious routes in epidemiological cases. ; Approaches: A glasswool filtration column was used (similar to the method used in the EU-Virobathe project) to concentrate viruses from surface waters. The column was eluated by a pH-shift. The eluate was flockulated and virusparticles further concentrated by centifugation. Afterwards a Realtime-PCR was conducted for detection.; Results: A laboratory method for detection of Adenovirus in surface waters was established. The detection limit is around 10000 Virusparticles per 10 l. Recovery rates vary strongly. They seem to depend on suspended particles and other unknown factors. A mean recovery rate of 30 Prozent was achieved.

Untersuchungen ueber die Folgen der geplanten Donauumleitung zum Ausgleich der Wasserentnahme bei Leipheim

Mittels vegetationskundlicher Methoden (Vegetationskartierung, Dauerflaechen-Einzelkartierung) wird die Vegetation und deren Veraenderung durch die Wasserspiegelabsenkung der Radolphzeller Aach in den Naturschutzgebieten Weitenried und Hausener Aachried untersucht.

Mineralien, Spurenelemente und toxische Schwermetalle in Trinkwasser Deutschlands

Moeglichkeiten zur Bestimmung des Trophiezustandes eines Gewaessers durch Algenkulturen

Entwicklung einer Methode zur Bestimmung des Trophiegrades sowie der Primaerproduktion natuerlicher Waesser anhand ausgewaehlter Algenkulturen. Wasserproben suedniedersaechsicher Gewaessersysteme werden nach Autoklavieren auf ihre Primaerproduktivitaet mittels synchroner Algenkulturen geprueft und die Ergebnisse in Beziehung zur chemischen Wasseranalyse gesetzt.

Coastal Atmosphere & Sea Time Series (CoASTS) and Bio-Optical mapping of Marine optical Properties (BiOMaP): the water hyperspectral absorption coefficients

The CoASTS-BiOMaP data set of hyperspectral absorption coefficients, complementary to the bio-optical data set accessible at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.971945, were determined from laboratory analysis of discrete water samples collected at approximately 1 m depth during the Coastal Atmosphere & Sea Time Series (CoASTS) and the Bio-Optical mapping of Marine optical Properties (BiOMaP) measurement programs. The dataset, resulting from the collaboration between the Marine Optical Laboratory of the Joint Research Center (JRC) and a number of European national institutions, comprises absorption coefficients of pigmented and non-pigmented particles in the 400-750 nm interval, and those by colored dissolved organic matter in the 350-680 nm interval, provided with 3 nm spectral resolution at 2 nm increment. All coefficients were determined applying identical sampling, laboratory, processing and quality control methods, regardless of the measurement program or geographic areas. A few spectra of absorption coefficients for pigmented particles exhibit some unrealistic negative values beyond approximately 500 nm explained by limits of the measurement methodology in the presence of a low concentration of particles largely associated with sampling in oligotrophic waters. These spectra were not excluded from the data set expecting their application can be still relevant once the absorption coefficients are corrected for their background in the near-infrared. Overall, the data set comprises absorption spectra from 2549 stations. Of these, 634 stations refer to 125 CoASTS field campaigns performed from October 1998 up to March 2016 on-board the Acqua Alta Oceanographic Tower (AAOT) in the northern Adriatic Sea representing moderate optically complex waters with properties largely determined by phytoplankton, as well as diverse concentrations of suspended particulate matter (SPM) and of coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM). The remaining 1915 stations are from 36 BiOMaP oceanographic campaigns performed between July 2000 and May 2022 in various European marine regions: the Baltic Sea with waters dominated by a high concentration of CDOM; the Adriatic Sea, Black Sea, North Sea (comprising the English Channel), Ligurian Sea, Iberian Shelf and the Greenland Sea, exhibiting a variety of optically complex waters determined by diverse concentrations of CDOM and SPM; the Eastern and Western Mediterranean oligotrophic and mesotrophic Seas.

Identifizierung und quantitative Bestimmung von organischen Schadstoffen in Oberflaechengewaessern (Sicherung der Trinkwasserversorgung)

Gewinnung von analytischen Daten ueber die Schadstoffbelastung von Oberflaechengewaessern in Zusammenhang mit der Sicherung der Trinkwasserversorgung und zur Verbesserung der Wasseraufbereitungstechnologie durch Identifizierung und quantitative Bestimmung organischer Mikroverunreinigungen. Selektive quantitative Analyse von Schadstoffen, die Heteroelemente enthalten (z.B. F, Cl, Br, N, P, S) durch spezifische Detektoren (Mikrowellenplasmadetektor). Dadurch besteht die Moeglichkeit, gezielt spezielle Substanzklassen von hygienischer und toxikologischer Bedeutung zu analysieren.

Dissolved methane concentrations of water samples from the North Sea during ALKOR cruise AL575 (27 June 2022 - 13 July 2022)

Water sampling was conducted during AL575 cruise in the North Sea by using Niskin Bottles attached to CTD/Water sampler rosette and ROV (Haeckel and Schmidt, 2024). To detect methane anomalies in the water column derived from seafloor gas emissions the recovered water samples were processed by using headspace gas sampling and subsequent gas chromatographic analysis. Based on measured methane concentrations of headspace gas in (micro-atm) the dissolved methane concentrations in water were calculated (nmol l-1).

Surface water parameters (pH, specific conductivity, salinity, nutrients, oxygen, sulfate and chloride concentrations, DOC/DIC) (Table 4)

Surface water parameters were measured in parallel to the gas measurements and soil coring for microbial analyses. Most surface water variables (pH, specific conductivity, salinity, nutrients, oxygen, sulfate and chloride concentrations, DOC/DIC) were measured in-situ using a multiparameter digital water quality meter or taken to the laboratory as water samples for further analysis. While surface water analysis was only conducted in the drainage ditch before rewetting, it was done along the entire transect after rewetting.

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