Das Projekt "WarmWorld - 'Modul 2 Faster', Teilprojekt 7: Atlas-Unterstützung für unstrukturierte Modellgitter" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts.
Nach Angaben der NASA war 2013 mit einer globalen Durchschnittstemperatur von 14,6 Grad Celsius – gemeinsam mit 2009 und 2006 – das siebtwärmste jemals gemessene Jahr seit 1880. Die Daten, die auf Studien und Auswertungen des Goddard-Instituts für Weltraumforschung (Giss) in New York beruhen, bestätigten den Trend der globalen Klimaerwärmung, teilte die Nasa mit. Die US-Wetterbehörde NOAA bezeichnet 2013 sogar als das viertwärmste Jahr seit Beginn der Aufzeichnungen.
Das Projekt "Geosounder Requirements Consolidation Study" wird/wurde gefördert durch: European Space Agency, European Space Research and Technology Centre. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Universität Hamburg, Fachbereich Erdsystemwissenschaften, Meteorologisches Institut.A continuous observation of the atmosphere and its components is an important endeavour. For example, such observations can be valuable to improve the representation of clouds in global circulation models. The Geosounder project addresses the demands potential users have on such an atmospheric dataset and explores the potential of a microwave radiometer in a stationary orbit: - Which resolution in space and time should the data have for an optimal useability? - Which set of frequencies contains the maximum information about the atmosphere? - How much can we learn about the humidity and ice water content of the atmosphere? Within the group Radiation and Remote Sensing at the Meteorological Institute of University of Hamburg we explore the information content of different sets of frequencies with regard to ice clouds, especially their ice water content, but also their microphysical properties such as particle sizes. The project is a joint effort of the French Centre National de Recherches Meteorologiques (CNRM) and the University of Hamburg, the main coordination of the project lies with the Laboratoire d'Etudes en Geophysique et Oceonographie Spatiales (CNRM-LEGOS).
Das Projekt "TIGER NET - EO Supporting Integrated Water Resource Management in Africa - TIGERNET" wird/wurde gefördert durch: European Space Agency, Frascati, European Space Research Institute. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Technische Universität Wien, Department für Geodäsie und Geoinformation, Forschungsgruppe Photogrammetrie und Fernerkundung (E122).
Das Projekt "Assessment of satellite constellations for monitoring the variations in earth s gravity field" wird/wurde gefördert durch: European Space Agency, European Space Research and Technology Centre. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Universität Stuttgart, Geodätisches Institut.More than a decade has passed since the launch of the GRACE satellite mission. Although designed for a nominal mission lifetime of 5 years, it still provides valuable science data. An eventual systems failure and, thus, mission termination is expected any time soon, though. Despite a relative low spatial and temporal resolution, the monthly gravity fields have proved an invaluable and novel parameter set in several geoscience disciplines, allowing new research venues in the study of Global Change phenomena. The hydrological cycle is now subject to quantification at continental scales; the state of the cryosphere, particularly ice sheet melting over Greenland and Antarctica, can be monitored; and steric effects of sea-level change have become separable from non-steric ones. The enormous success of the mission has driven the need for continuation of monitoring mass changes in the Earth system. Indeed, a GRACE Follow-On (GFO) mission has been approved for launch in August 2017. Like its predecessor it will consist of two satellites flying en echelon with intersatellite K-Band ranging as the main gravitational sensor. Despite a number of planned technological improvements, including a laser link as demonstrator, GFO will mostly be based on GRACE heritage. Given a similar orbit configuration and a similar systems setup, the quality of eventual gravity field products can be expected to be in the same range as the current GRACE products. To guarantee the continuation of such successful gravity field time series ESA has embarked several years ago on a long term strategy for future gravity field satellite missions, both in terms of technology development and in terms of consolidating the user community. Scientists from academia and industry held a workshop on The Future of Satellite Gravimetry at ESTEC premises, 12-13 April 2007, (RD-9). Similar workshops have been organized by other organizations, e.g. the joint GGOS/IGCP565 workshop Towards a Roadmap for Future Satellite Gravity Missions in Graz, September 30 - October 2, 2009. ESA furthermore played a key role in consolidating the international user community by funding a series of study projects, cf. (RD-1) to (RD-5). Similar projects have been funded and conducted at national level, e.g. the German BMBF-funded Geotechnologies III project Concepts for future gravity field satellite missions (PI: N. Sneeuw). These studies, together with GRACE experience, have provided a clear understanding of the current limitations of a GRACE-type mission. In particular the limitations in sampling and sensitivity of a single pair of satellites with in-orbit in-line sensitivity are well documented. At the same time, these studies have shown the design options and a roadmap towards a next generation gravity field mission.
Das Projekt "ESA Climate Change Initiative Soil Moisture CCI" wird/wurde gefördert durch: European Space Agency, Frascati, European Space Research Institute. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Technische Universität Wien, Department für Geodäsie und Geoinformation, Forschungsgruppe Photogrammetrie und Fernerkundung (E122).The objective of the project is to produce the most complete and most consistent global essential climate variable (ECV) soil moisture data record based on active and passive microwave sensors. The project focuses on C-band scatterometers (ERS-1/2 scatterometer, METOP Advanced Scatterometer) and multi-frequency radiometers (SMMR, SSM/I, TMI, AMSR-E, Windsat), but also considers the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission, Synthetic Aperture Radars (SARs) and radar altimeters at a later stage.The project will establish an ECV production system for surface soil moisture data, and addresses the five cardinal requirements of ESAs CCI programme. The CCI Soil Moisture project will also establish links to the Climate Research Community including Group on Earth Observation (GEO), Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) and the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP)The consortium consists of seven organisations from five ESA member states eligible for funding through the Strategic Initiative (StrIn), namely Austria, Switzerland, Ireland, Norway and Finland. Additionally, one university from The Netherlands is included in the consortium because of its crucial expertise in deriving soil moisture from passive instruments.
Das Projekt "Enhanced Resolution ERS-2 Scatterometer Soil Moisture Product" wird/wurde gefördert durch: European Space Agency, Frascati, European Space Research Institute. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Technische Universität Wien, Institut für Photogrammetrie und Fernerkundung (IPF).The objective of this study is to generate an enhanced resolution surface soil moisture data set based on 25 km resolution ERS-2 SCAT data processed with the Advanced Scatterometer Processing System ASPS. The specifications and format of the ERS-2 product shall be the same as for the METOP Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) surface soil moisture product operationally produced by EUMETSAT. The ERS-2 SCAT product shall be produced at G-Pod (Grid Processing on Demand) using the latest software und model parameter data base to be delivered by the Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien). To meet the project requirements following software adaptations and research topics need to be addressed: New data input/output interfaces; Assessment of the impact of the new backscatter product on the soil moisture retrieval considering the improved spatial resolution and the degraded Kp value; New quality control procedures; Version control. The main output of the project will be the orbit files (in BUFR and/or EPS format) generated with WARPNRT at G-Pod. Nevertheless, some users may also be interested in the time series data produced with WARP at TU Wien. Therefore both data products, orbit files and time series, will be made available to users.
Das Projekt "ESA Alanis Methane" wird/wurde gefördert durch: European Space Agency, Frascati, European Space Research Institute. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Technische Universität Wien, Institut für Photogrammetrie und Fernerkundung (IPF).ALANIS Methane is a research project to produce and use a suite of relevant earth observation (EO) derived information to validate and improve one of the next generation land-surface models and thus reduce current uncertainties in wetland-related CH4 emissions. The project focus is on Northern Eurasia.
Das Projekt "Soil moisture for hydrometeorologic applications in the SADC region" wird/wurde gefördert durch: European Space Agency, Frascati, European Space Research Institute. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Technische Universität Wien, Institut für Photogrammetrie und Fernerkundung (IPF).The objective of SHARE is to enable operational soil moisture services for the region of the Southern African Development Community (SADC). The soil moisture information system will build on synergies between medium and coarse resolution radar sensors, to resolve temporal and spatial dynamics. The long-term vision of SHARE is to supply soil moisture information for the entire African continent, at a resolution of 1 km, run by African partners, posted on the web, freely accessible to all. Specifically SHARE will: - Build up the capacity and competence in African institutions to use and disseminate medium and coarse resolution soil moisture products derived from radar sensors.- Provide an experimental soil moisture indicator based on ENVISAT ASAR Global Mode data for a one year period for the SADC region.- Derive a downscaling layer based on ENVISAT ASAR Global Mode data which will allow to interpret coarse resolution soil moisture information at 1 km resolution.
Das Projekt "GMES Sentinel-1 Soil Moisture Algorithm Development" wird/wurde gefördert durch: European Space Agency, European Space Research and Technology Centre. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Technische Universität Wien, Institut für Photogrammetrie und Fernerkundung (IPF).The European Space Agency is currently developing Sentinel-1, a constellation of two polar-orbiting C-band radar satellites for operational Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) applications. The Sentinel-1 mission is designed for continuous and operational monitoring. The goal is to map the European land mass once every four days in Interferometric Wide Swath (IWS) mode, and the global land surface at least once every 12 days. Such a high temporal sampling rate is expected to be very useful for monitoring soil moisture and other dynamic hydrologic process variables. The objective of this activity is to develop, verify and validate a prototype processor for an operational global Sentinel-1 soil moisture service based on single (HH or VV) and dual polarised (HH+HV or VV+VH) IWS mode data. To meet the requirements from operational soil moisture data users, products must be delivered within 3 hours from observations in all cases. If the IWS acquisition is within the coverage of a receiving station, product delivery time shall be reduced to 1 hour and for special cases to 10 minutes. This means that the processing of the IWS soil moisture product shall only take a few minutes, requiring a very efficient algorithm/software solution. This project shall demonstrate that such a global Sentinel-1 soil moisture service is feasible and scientifically mature.
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