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XRF logging data from Nussloch loess cores

The Nussloch Drilling Campaign (NUSS) involved drilling three loess sediment cores (85 mm in diameter) on April 21-25, 2019, on top of a loess hill at 49.31°N, 8.73°E, at an altitude of 215 m, close to the most recently described outcrop at the Nussloch reference site in Germany. Downhole logging was performed in the three drilling holes. Core S2, which has the most complete stratigraphy compared to previously published profiles, was analyzed using XRF core scanning. The name of the samples is given as NUSS for Nussloch, S2 for core S2, and C1-C11 for the subcore numbers. Depth is expressed in meters from the topsoil to the lowest level reached during drilling. The XRF data consists of the following elements: Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Br, Rb, Sr, Zr, and Pb, in counts. These raw data counts are followed by the following ratios: Ca/Sr, Rb/Sr, Rb/K, Fe/Al, Fe/Mn, Si/Al, Ti/Al, Ti/Zr, Zr/Rb, and Ca/Al. Measurements were conducted every 1 cm from the top of the sub-cores. The measurements were performed with a resolution of 5mm on the AVAATECH Core Scanner at the EDYTEM laboratory in Chambéry in June 2015. This investigation aimed to conduct a comprehensive coring to acquire a sedimentary archive to ensure the preservation of this distinctive Nussloch record for future research projects.

Downhole logging data from Nussloch loess cores

The Nussloch Drilling Campaign (NUSS) involved drilling three loess sediment cores (85 mm in diameter) on April 21-25, 2019, on top of a loess hill at 49.31°N, 8.73°E, at an altitude of 215 m, close to the most recently described outcrop at the Nussloch reference site in Germany. Downhole logging was performed in the three drilling holes. This investigation aimed to conduct a comprehensive coring to acquire a sedimentary archive and perform logging measurements using Gamma Ray technology. The goal was to ensure the preservation of this distinctive Nussloch record for future research projects. Measurements of natural gamma radioactivity (gamma ray, GR) in counts per second (cps) were conducted in situ using an Antares spectral gamma slimline sonde. These results are expressed in terms of shale volume (Vsh). Vsh represents the fraction or percentage of the bulk rock volume that is composed of shale or clay minerals. This fraction is in most cases derived from downhole geophysical measurements of the natural gamma radioactivity of the penetrated formation. The measurements of natural gamma radioactivity (Gamma Ray - GR) in counts per second (cps). Vsh is computed choosing traditionally from logs and core data both a minimum and maximum value for clay content. These values are often denoted as GRmin for the host formation without clay, and GRmax when the formation is entirely made of clays, yielding a first order linear model with : Vsh = (GR- GRmin) / (GRmax-GRmin). To derive an estimate for clay content Vsh, these GR boundaries were chosen as 150 and 950 cps, respectively.

Impact of elevated nitrogen inut on the biogeochemistry and productivity of tropical forests (NITROF) - Effects of enhanced N deposition on productivity and structure of a tropical montane rainforest in Panama

Nitrogen deposition in tropical areas is projected to increase rapidly in the next decades due to increase in N fertilizer use, fossil fuel consumption and biomass burning. As tropical forest ecosystems cover about 17 percent of the land surface and are responsible for about 40 percent of net primary production, even small changes in N (and consequently C) cycling can have global consequences. Until now studies an consequences of enhanced N input in tropical forest ecosystems have been very limited and even very rarely addressed its deleterious effects to the environment. There is undoubtedly a huge discrepancy between the expected increase in N deposition in the tropics and the present knowledge an how tropical forest ecosystems will react to this extra input of reactive N. Our research aims at quantifying the changes in processes of N retention (plant growth, biotic and abiotic N immobilization in the soil) and losses (gaseous N losses, nitrification, denitrification, leaching of different forms of dissolved N). Implementation of policy and management tools, like the international trading of carbon credits under the Kyoto Protocol, need researches that allow us to better understand the consequences of environmental change (N deposition) an forest productivity. Our research will have important implications for predicting future responses of forest C cycle to changes in N deposition, and for the role of N deposition in tropical forests to affect potential feedback mechanisms of CO2 fertilization and climate change.

Fachtagung: AUFSTAND - fuer eine lebenswerte Zukunft. Oekologische Kinderrechte: Bestandsaufnahme - Ermutigung - Wege zum Handeln

Einrichtung eines Modellstudienganges 'Internationales und interdisziplinaeres Umweltmanagement in Zukunftsmaerkten'

Ruhr 2010. Ein Diskurs ueber Zukunftsperspektiven im Ruhrgebiet

Starkregenereignisse im Mittelmeergebiet: Der Einfluss der Ensemble-basierenden Assimilation von thermodynamischen Profilen auf die Analysen und Vorhersagen des prä-konvektiven Zustands, der Auslösung von Konvektion und der probabilistischen, quantitativen Niederschlagsvorhersage

Am Projekt Water vapour Lidar Network Assimilation (WaLiNeAs) sind mehrere Forschungsinstitute in ganz Europa beteiligt. Ihr Fachwissen wird kombiniert, um einen Einblick in das Potenzial eines Netzwerks thermodynamischer Lidar-Systeme für die probabilistische quantitative Niederschlagsvorhersage (PrQPF) von Starkniederschlagsereignissen (HPEs) im Mittelmeerraum zu gewinnen. Das Beobachtungsnetz WaLiNeAs wird ab Anfang September 2022 für drei Monate aufgebaut und betrieben.Dieser Vorschlag zielt darauf ab, sich dem einzigartigen WaLiNeAs-Projekt anzuschließen und mit seinem Forschungsteam in Bezug auf die Durchführung thermodynamischer Messungen mit dem Atmospheric Raman Temperature and Humidity Sounder (ARTHUS) des Instituts für Physik und Meteorologie (IPM) an der Universität Hohenheim zusammenzuarbeiten. Darüber hinaus werden die WaLiNeAs-Messungen für hochqualitative Datenassimilationsstudien in Bezug auf ihren Einfluss auf die Vorhersage der präkonvektiven Umgebung, der Auslösung von hochreichender Konvektion und der HPEs eingesetzt.Das übergeordnete Ziel dieses Antrags ist es, die folgenden Hypothesen zu untersuchen:Eine genauere Darstellung der präkonvektiven Umgebung im Mittelmeer durch ein Netzwerk thermodynamischer Raman-Lidar-Systeme wird zu 1) einer genaueren Initialisierung und Simulation der präkonvektiven Umgebung sowie der Auslösung von Konvektion sowie 2) zu einer Verbesserung der PrQPF führen.Während der WaLiNeAs-Kampagne werden sechs autonome Wasserdampf-Raman-Lidar-Systeme für kontinuierliche Messungen während der intensiven Beobachtungsperioden (IOPs) eingesetzt. Alle ihre Daten werden in Echtzeit gesammelt, verbreitet und überwacht.Insbesondere werden wir unsere Hypothesen beantworten, indem wir die folgenden Forschungsziele erreichen: I) Entwurf eines effizienten regionalen, hybriden, Ensemble-basierten Kurzfrist-Wettervorhersagesystems für HPEs im Mittelmeerraum auf der Grundlage des WRF-NOAHMP-Modellsystems, II ) Untersuchung der Verbesserung der Vorhersagefähigkeit in Bezug auf die Auslösung von Konvektion und PrQPF durch Datenassimilation von Temperatur- und Feuchtigkeitsprofilen aus dem WaLiNeAs-Lidar-Netzwerk, und III) Analyse der ARTHUS-Daten und Ableitung von Feuchtigkeits- und Temperaturstatistiken während des Experiments.Diese Forschungsziele werden den Weg für zukünftige Datenassimilationsstrategien und das Verständnis der Bedeutung und Dichte thermodynamischer Lidar-Netzwerke für die Kurzfristvorhersage von Extremereignissen ebnen. Dieses wird eine gemeinsame Anstrengung von Wissenschaftlern des Laboratoire atmosphères, milieux, observations spatiales (LATMOS), des Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques (CNRM) in Frankreich und der National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in den USA sein.

Probability Assessment of Spill Flow Emissions

Real time control will get more important to reduce CSO emissions. Most of the already existing real time control strategies minimize spill flows from the viewpoint of volume minimization. For receiving water the reduction of emissions is much more important. Measured waste water data and probabilistic approach of these data are the focal points in this research. With an UV-VIS spectrometer installed in a swimming pontoon absorption is measured directly and constant. Based on absorption measurements waste water time series curves of COD, TSS and nitrate are shown. A forecast of CSO emissions and the adjustment of ANN for the control system will be the next step included for this project. By statistical evaluation of rain and measured waste water data as well as forecast of CSO emissions with ANN, spill loads can be reduced. The results of this research are basis for future real time control of CSOs in Graz (Austria).

Economic Growth and Climate Change in Africa

Supported by UNEP, UNECA and the African Development Bank (AfDB), the Economic Growth and Climate Change in Africa research evaluates how GDP forecasts would be affected under future climate change scenarios, using statistically established climate analogues. The research analyses how climate impacts are transmitted from the microeconomic to the macroeconomic levels. In addition, the research also focuses on the relation between future climate change and poverty risks in Africa. To better inform the policy debate on adaptation to limit the adverse impacts of climate change on development, the research also estimates future adaptation costs in 10 different regions in Africa in two different warming scenarios. Finally, it assesses the development and economic opportunities arising from implementing adaptation and mitigation options in African countries.

Frueherkennung von Forschungsluecken / Beurteilung zukuenftiger Umweltbelastungsrisiken

Welches sind beim Setzen von Prioritaeten Kriterien zur Erkennung wichtiger zukuenftiger Risiken? Welche pragmatischen Ansaetze sind sinnvoll? Erfahrungen der W.H.O., der E.P.A., der National Academy of Sciences und der DFG-Senatskommission zur Pruefung gesundheitsschaedlicher Arbeitsstoffe.

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