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Size-frequency data of Macoma balthica from Rönnebank, Baltic Sea, in June 2023

In the framework of research on impacts of trawling in the western Baltic Sea (DAM pilot mission MGF Baltic Sea), we investigated the population structure of the benthic key species Macoma balthica by measuring shell length to provide the size-frequency distribution in the marine protected area of Rönnebank in the Southern Baltic Sea from June 2023. We obtained samples using vanVeen grabs inside the marine protected areas and reference areas nearby.

Chlorophyll depth profiles from 2020-2024, Western Baltic, Germany

In the framework of research on impacts of trawling in the western Baltic Sea (DAM pilot mission MGF Baltic Sea), we measured the depth distribution of chlorophyll-a in order to study bioturbation in three marine protected areas of the Western and Southern Baltic Sea from 2020 – 2024. The marine protected areas are Fehmarnbelt, Oderbank and Rönnebank. We obtained samples using multiple corer inside the marine protected areas and reference areas nearby. During an in situ otter trawling experiment near Heiligendamm, core scuba divers additionally took targeted core samples from trawl track furrows, mounds, the ground net impacted area and control sites.

Size-frequency data of Mya arenaria from Oderbank, Baltic Sea, in June 2021

In the framework of research on impacts of trawling in the western Baltic Sea (DAM pilot mission MGF Baltic Sea), we investigated the population structure of the benthic key species Mya arenaria by measuring shell length to provide the size-frequency distribution in the marine protected area of Oderbank in the Southern Baltic Sea from June 2021. We obtained samples using vanVeen grabs inside the marine protected areas and reference areas nearby.

Size-frequency data of Macoma balthica from Oderbank, Baltic Sea, in June 2021

In the framework of research on impacts of trawling in the western Baltic Sea (DAM pilot mission MGF Baltic Sea), we investigated the population structure of the benthic key species Macoma balthica by measuring shell length to provide the size-frequency distribution in the marine protected area of Oderbank in the Southern Baltic Sea from June 2021. We obtained samples using vanVeen grabs inside the marine protected areas and reference areas nearby.

Size-frequency data of Arctica islandia from Fehmarnbelt, Baltic Sea, in June 2020

In the framework of research on impacts of trawling in the western Baltic Sea (DAM pilot mission MGF Baltic Sea), we investigated the population structure of the benthic key species Arctica islandica by measuring shell length to provide the size-frequency distribution in the marine protected area of Fehmarnbelt in the Western Baltic Sea from June 2020. We obtained samples using vanVeen grabs inside the marine protected areas and reference areas nearby.

Einfluß der Mikro- und Makrobioturbation durch Bodentiere auf die Stabilisierung der organischen Substanz in Ackerböden

Ziel des Projektes ist es, den Einfluß der Makro- und Mikrobioturbation durch sog. soil engineers (Lumbriciden, Enchytraeiden, Collembolen) auf die Stabilisierung der organischen Substanz in Ackerböden zu untersuchen. Dafür sollen Freiland- und Laborexperimente mit Böden aus dem Dauerdüngungsversuch in Halle durchgeführt werden. Methodische Grundlage ist die Analyse der natürlichen 13C-Verteilung im Vergleich von Kohlenstoff aus C3- und aus C4-Pflanzen. Dadurch wird eine Differentialanalyse der Wirkung von Bodentieren auf die Stabilität von C-Komponenten unterschiedlichen Alters möglich. Düngungsvarianten sollen genutzt werden, um die Abhängigkeit der Wirkung der Tiere vom Nährstoffstatus des Bodens zu quantifizieren. Zusätzlich sollen Feldexperimente zur gezielten Steuerung der Bodenfauna durch Managementmaßnahmen durchgeführt werden. Neben Grobfraktionierungen werden chemische und physikalische Feinfraktionierungen vorgenommen. Durch die Bestimmung der 13CVerteilung ermöglichen die bodenmikrobiologischen Parameter 'Biomasse' und 'Mineralisationsleistung' eine Quantifizierung der mikrobiellen Nutzung unterschiedlicher C-Quellen. Weitere Parameter sind: Funktionelle Diversität der Bakterien, Nematoden Maturity Index, Mikroarthropoden. Langfristig ist die Einbeziehung von bodenzoologischen Steuergrößen in ein Modell zum Umsatz der organischen Bodensubstanz geplant.

Stimulation des mikrobiellen Stickstoffkreislaufs in aquatischen Sedimenten durch bioturbierende Makroinvertebraten

Bioturbierende Makroinvertebraten können den mikrobiellen Stickstoffkreislauf in aquatischen Sedimenten vermutlich erheblich stimulieren. Vor dem Hintergrund der hohen Belastung limnischer und brackiger Ökosysteme mit Nitrat und Ammonium kommt diesem Phänomen eine überaus wichtige ökosystemare Funktion als Senke für anorganische Stickstoffverbindungen zu. Der eigentliche Ort der stimulierten mikrobiellen Stoffumsetzungen, das Ökosystemkompartiment 'Wohnröhre' (gemeinsames Habitat von Makroinvertebraten und Mikroorganismen) ist in bisherigen Studien fast immer ausgeklammert worden, so dass keine Details über das quantitative Ausmaß der dort stattfindenden Prozesse bekannt sind. Daher soll die mikrobielle Lebensgemeinschaft der Wohnröhren bioturbierender Makroinvertebraten erstmals mit moderner Methodik auf (1) struktureller Ebene (Fluoreszuenzin-situ-Hybridisierung und Mikroautoradiografie) und (2) funktioneller Ebene (Mikrosensorentechnik) in Labor- und Freilandexperimenten untersucht werden.

Zostera marina seedling emergence count in field experiments, Kiel, Germany (2023)

Seed-based seagrass restoration is expanding globally, to speed up the slow natural recolonization success of Zostera marina meadows. This study aimed to find practical guidelines to enhance seed-based restoration efforts in the German Baltic Sea, and other regions. To this end, parallel field and laboratory experiments were conducted, to examine the effects of six biotic and abiotic factors on seedling emergence (germination) over time. Seeds were collected by snorkelers from two sites (Falckenstein, Kiekut) in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany between July and August 2022. In the field, located in Kiel, Germany, 62 plots (50 x 50 cm) were sown with 100 seeds each of different seed coat colours (mixed from both sites) at three sowing time points (February, March, April 2023). Seedling and Arenicola marina mounds were counted biweekly from April until August 2023. Kiel Fjord temperature and salinity were taken from (Hiebenthal et. al., 2023).

Zostera marina seedling emergence count in laboratory experiments, Kiel, Germany (2023)

Seed-based seagrass restoration is expanding globally, to speed up the slow natural recolonization success of Zostera marina meadows. This study aimed to find practical guidelines to enhance seed-based restoration efforts in the German Baltic Sea, and other regions. To this end, parallel field and laboratory experiments were conducted, to examine the effects of six biotic and abiotic factors on seedling emergence (germination) over time. Seeds were collected by snorkelers from two sites (Falckenstein, Kiekut) in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany between July and August 2022. In the laboratory, 12 aquaria containing six boxes each, were sown with 100 seeds of one of three seed coat colours (grey, dark, light ) from both seed origin sites. Aquaria were subjected to one of four treatments: two temperatures (5 ºC , 10 ºC ) and two salinities (5 psu , 18-20 psu). Seedling counts and aquaria salinity and temperature were monitored five days a week from March 8th, to June 1st 2023.

Zostera marina seedling emergence count under varying salinity, temperature, seed colour, sowing time & Arenicola marina bioturbation in field & lab experiments, Kiel, Germany (2023)

Seed-based seagrass restoration is expanding globally, to speed up the slow natural recolonization success of Zostera marina meadows. This study aimed to find practical guidelines to enhance seed-based restoration efforts in the German Baltic Sea, and other regions. To this end, parallel field and laboratory experiments were conducted, to examine the effects of six biotic and abiotic factors on seedling emergence (germination) over time. Seeds were collected by snorkelers from two sites (Falckenstein, Kiekut) in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany between July and August 2022. In the laboratory, 12 aquaria containing six boxes each, were sown with 100 seeds of one of three seed coat colours (grey, dark, light ) from both seed origin sites. Aquaria were subjected to one of four treatments: two temperatures (5 ºC , 10 ºC ) and two salinities (5 psu , 18-20 psu). Seedling counts and aquaria salinity and temperature were monitored five days a week from March 8th, to June 1st 2023. In the field, located in Kiel, Germany, 62 plots (50 x 50 cm) were sown with 100 seeds each of different seed coat colours (mixed from both sites) at three sowing time points (February, March, April 2023). Seedling and Arenicola marina mounds were counted biweekly from April until August 2023. Kiel Fjord temperature and salinity were taken from (Hiebenthal et. al., 2023).

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