This dataset compiles a harmonised inventory of historical landslide events as well as their reported impacts in the Mainz Basin between 70 AD and 2011, derived from an extensive survey of archival along with documentary sources. Documentary material was gathered from regional and national libraries, historical societies, institutional repositories, hard‑to‑access collections, additionally complemented by structured interviews with long‑term residents, local authorities, farmers including vineyard owners. Textual, cartographic and documentary sources were systematically catalogued, critically evaluated for reliability as well as dating accuracy. All events were georeferenced wherever possible, then integrated into a common GIS framework. The resulting database consists of an event table, in which each row represents an interpreted landslide event with associated attributes, in addition to a corresponding spatial dataset including point. To handle large text corpora from heterogeneous archival materials, AI‑assisted tools (NotebookLM, customised Gemini‑based workflows) were employed to support document standardisation, information extraction along with the application of predefined classification criteria, with all automatically generated outputs being checked and refined by the authors. The dataset provides a reproducible, source‑based reconstruction of the chronology, distribution and impacts of historical landslides in the Mainz Basin. The data is intended as a basis for subsequent geomorphological, temporal and statistical analyses, as well as for integration with additional thematic layers such as lithology, topography, land cover and climate.