We present comprehensive geochemical compositions and rheological properties of mantle peridotites from the Zhongba ophiolite. The geochemical dataset includes major element compositions of whole rock, as well as major and trace elements of olivine, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, and spinel. Water contents of olivine and pyroxenes are also provided. In addition, electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) data includes calculated stress and detailed profiles. Analytical methods and supplementary figures are included to clearly present the dataset.
This dataset is supplemental to the paper Wiesman et al. (In prep) and contains data on the density of dislocations and their stress fields in olivine from laboratory experiments to examine transient creep in olivine. The data were used to characterize the microstructural evolution that occurs during transient creep in olivine. These results can be used to test and calibrate microphysical models for transient creep that will be used to describe how Earth’s mantle responds to changes in stress caused by earthquakes and as melting glaciers. Data are provided in a zip folder and include: • Mechanical data from each experiment: ten .txt files of raw data, ten .txt files of processed data • Measurements of lattice orientation via EBSD: ten .ctf files of large area EBSD maps and ten .ctf files of regions mapped with HR-EBSD • Densities of geometrically necessary dislocations from the HR-EBSD analysis – ten .txt files of processed data • Residual stress heterogeneity also determined from HR-EBSD analysis – 20 .txt files of processes data • Forescatter electron images of decorated dislocations – 49 .tiff files and 49 .png files of decorated dislocations, 44 .pngs of counted dislocations, and one .txt file documenting the counted dislocations Data types and sample numbers are also indicated in the file names. Files are organized into folders by sample. Data types and sample numbers are also indicated in the file names. A full description is available in the data description file.
The data-set contains nine apatite fission-track data from samples collected at strategic locations to constrain the age of deformation along an ideal transect crossing the main Apennine watershed (from the north-eastern margin of the Casentino Basin to the Romagna Apennines. Apatite grains for fission-track analysis were separated from ~5 kg bulk samples. Four of them were collected from the Falterona Sandstones (Chattian-Aquitanian) and five in the Marnoso- Arenacea For-mation (Burdigalian-Tortonian). Apatite grains were separated using standard heavy liquids and a mag-netic technique.
In this dataset we provide top-view photos and perspective photos (to create topographic data, i.e. Digital Elevation Models, DEMs) documenting analogue model deformation. For more details on modelling setup, experimental series Wang et al. (2021), to which this dataset is supplementary material. For details on analogue materials refer to Del Ventisette et al., 2019, Maestrelli et al. (2020). The analogue modelling experiments were carried out at the TOOLab (Tectonic Modelling Laboratory) of the Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources of the National Research Council of Italy, Italy, and the Department of Earth Sciences of the University of Florence. The laboratory work that produced these data was supported by the European Plate Observing System (EPOS) and by the Joint Research Unit (JRU) EPOS Italia. Additional analysis, following the original work, was supported by the “Monitoring Earth’s Evolution and Tectonics” (MEET) project
In the southern Central Andes (~32°S), subduction of the Nazca oceanic plate beneath the South American continental plate becomes horizontal. The growth of the Altiplano-Puna Plateau is covalently related to the southward migration of the flat subduction, but the role of subduction geometry and the plate strength on current and long-term deformation of the Andes remains poorly explored. This study takes a data-driven approach of integrating the previous structural and thermal model of the lithosphere of the southern central Andes into a 3D geodynamic model to explore the different parameters contributing to the localization of deformation. We simulate visco-plastic deformation using the geodynamic code ASPECT. The repository includes parameter files and input files for the reference model (S1) and the following alternative simulations: a series of models with variation in friction at the subduction interface (S2a-d), a series of models with variation in sedimentary strength (S3a-d), a series that studies the effect of topography (S4), and a series that studies the effect of plate velocities. In addition, a readme file gives all the instructions to run them.
This dataset includes the results of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) of one experiment on subduction megathrust earthquakes (with interacting asperities) performed at the Laboratory of Experimental Tectonics (LET) Univ. Roma Tre in the framework of AspSync, the Marie Curie project (grant agreement 658034; https://aspsync.wordpress.com). Detailed descriptions of the experiments and monitoring techniques can be found in Corbi et al. (2017). This data set is from one experiment characterized by the presence of a 7 cm wide barrier separating two asperities with equal size, geometry and friction. Here we provide PIV data relative to a 16.3 min long interval during which the experiment produces 138 analog earthquakes with an average recurrence time of 7 s. The PIV analysis yields quantitative information about the velocity field characterizing two consecutive frames, measured in this case at the model surface. For a detailed description of the experimental procedure, set-up and materials used, please refer to the article of Corbi et al. (2017) paragraph 2. This data set has been used for: a) studying velocity variations (Fig. 2 in Corbi et al., 2021) and rupture patterns (Fig. 3a, b in Corbi et al., 2021) occurring during the velocity peak of one of the two asperities (aka trigger).
Fatbox - Fault Analysis Toolbox is a python module for the extraction and analysis of faults (and fractures) in raster data. We often observer faults in 2-D or 3-D raster data (e.g. geological maps, numerical models or seismic volumes), yet the extraction of these structures still requires large amounts of our time. The aim of this module is to reduce this time by providing a set of functions, which can perform many of the steps required for the extraction and analysis of fault systems. The basic idea of the module is to describe fault systems as graphs (or networks) consisting of nodes and edges, which allows us to define faults as components, i.e. sets of nodes connected by edges, of a graph. Nodes, which are not connected through edges, thus belong to different components (faults).
This dataset provides mechanical test data for quartz sand (“MAM1ST-300”, Sibelco, Mol, Belgium), gypsum powder (plaster; “Goldband”, Knauf), kaolin clay powder, garnet sand, and mixtures of quartz sand and gypsum powder, used at the Analogue Laboratory of the Department of Geography at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium, for simulating brittle rocks in the upper crust (Poppe et al., 2019). The measured properties are density ρ, tensile strength T0, shear strength σ, obtained by density measurements, ring-shear tests (RST; at Helmholtz Centre Potsdam GFZ, Germany), direct shear tests, traction tests (at University of Maine, Le Mans, France) and extension tests. The obtained tensile strengths and shear strengths reconstruct two-dimensional failure envelopes for each material. By fitting linear Coulomb and non-linear combined Griffith failure criteria to the characterised failure envelopes (Jaeger et al., 2007), the internal friction coefficient µC, Coulomb cohesion CC and Griffith cohesion CG are obtained. The influence of the material emplacement technique has been investigated in Poppe et al. (2021) to which this data set is supplementary, by repeat characterisation of the above physical parameters under three emplacement conditions, i.e. sieving, pouring (non-dried state) and compaction after pouring (oven-dried state). We find that densities of the materials and mixtures range from ~1600 kg.m³ (sieved) and ~1700 kg.m³ (compacted) for pure quartz sand to ~600 kg.m³ (poured) to ~900 kg.m³ (compacted) for pure plaster. Tensile strengths range from ~166 Pa (sand) to ~425 Pa (plaster). Velocity ring-shear tests on a 90 wt% quartz sand – 10 wt% plaster mixture show a minor shear rate-weakening of <2% per ten-fold increase in shear velocity. The materials show a behavior ranging from Mohr-Coulomb behavior for the materials with coarser grain size (sands) to combined Griffith-Mohr-Coulomb behavior for the powder materials (plaster, kaolin), with the sand-plaster mixtures occupying a spectrum between both end-members. Peak friction coefficients range from ~0.5 (sand) to ~0.6 (plaster) with a maximum of ~0.9 (80:20 wt% sand:plaster), peak Coulomb cohesions range from 13 Pa (sand) to 248 Pa (plaster), peak Griffith cohesions range from ~10 Pa (sand) to ~425 Pa (plaster).
This dataset includes particle image correlation data from 26 experiments performed with Foamquake, a novel analog seismotectonic model reproducing the megathrust seismic cycle. The seismotectonic model has been monitored by the means of a high-resolution top-view monitoring camera. The dataset presented here represents the particle image velocimetry surface velocity field extracted during the experimental model through the cross-correlation between consecutive images. This dataset is supplementary to Mastella et al. (2021) where detailed descriptions of models and experimental results can be found.
This data set includes the results of digital image correlation of one experiment on subduction megathrust earthquakes with interacting asperities performed at the Laboratory of Experimental Tectonics (LET) Univ. Roma Tre in the framework of AspSync, the Marie Curie project (grant agreement 658034) lead by F. Corbi in 2016-2017. Detailed descriptions of the experiments and monitoring techniques can be found in Corbi et al. (2017 and 2019) to which this data set is supplementary material.We here provide Digital Image Correlation (DIC) data relative to a 7 min long interval during which the experiment produces 40 seismic cycles with average duration of about 10.5 s (see Figure S1 in Corbi et al., 2019). The DIC analysis yields quantitative about the velocity field characterizing two consecutive frames, measured in this case at the model surface. For a detailed description of the experimental procedure, set-up and materials used, please refer to the article of Corbi et al. (2017) paragraph 2. This data set has been used for: a) studying the correlation between apparent slip-deficit maps and earthquake slip pattern (see Corbi et al., 2019; paragraph 4); and b) as input for the Machine Learning investigation (see Corbi et al., 2019; paragraph 5).Further technical information about the methods, data products and matlab scripts is proviced in the data description file. The list of files explains the file and folder structure of the data set.
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