The dataset contains sedimentation velocity measurements for 22 morphologically diverse macroalgae species (n = 49), the seagrass Zostera marina (n = 3), and plastic particles of four distinct shapes (n = 16). Each sample was measured at least five times, with some measured up to seven times. Detailed morphological descriptions and images are available in the corresponding paper. Samples with a SampleID starting with "K" were collected in January 2023 from the Kiel Fjord, Germany (between Strande and Bülk light house, 54°26'57.4N 10°11'37.6E). U. gigantea was collected in June 2024 in Yerseke, Netherlands (51°30'09.0N, 4°02'39.7E). All other samples were collected in June 2024 at the same site from the Kiel Fjord as in 2023, as well as two additional locations (Schilksee, 54°25'16.3N 10°10'43.1E and Mönkeberg, 54°21'20.92N 10°10'41.97E). Sedimentation velocity measurements were conducted in plastic cylinders, allowing particles to sink 15 cm to reach their terminal sinking velocity before starting the measurements. The sinking time was recorded using a stopwatch, and sedimentation velocity was calculated by dividing the sinking distance by the elapsed time. Test with varying cylinder heights showed no significant differences in results. Macrophyte species measured: Fucus vesiculosus, Fucus serratus, Saccharina latissima, Gracilaria vermiculophylla, Ceramium virgatum, Vertebrata fucoides, Polysiphonia stricta, Spermothamnion repens, Ahnfeltia plicata, Furcellaria lumbricalis, Coccotylus truncatus, Delesseria sanguinea, Cladophora flexuosa, Cladophora sp., Rhodomela confervoides, Pyropia leucosticta, Ulva clathrata, Ulva linza, Kornmannia leptoderma, Bryopsis hypnoides, Acrosiphonia centralis, Ulva gigantea, and Zostera marina. The plastic particles include eight circular pieces of foil (disks), three table tennis balls, two plastic nets, and three rubber bands. The foil disks were cut to different diameters and some were punched with different numbers of small holes. The name of the foil circles indicates both their diameter and perforation level. For example, "Disk 40-1" had a diameter of 40 mm and was unpunched, where "1" denotes unpunched, "2" partially punched, and "3" heavily punched, "4" extremely heavily punched. The three tennis balls shared identical dimensions but had different mass densities due to the different level of replacement of air with seawater and glass beads in the tennis ball.
This dataset presents the raw data of an experimental series of analogue models performed to investigate the influence of inherited brittle fabrics on narrow continental rifting. This model series was performed to test the influence of brittle pre-existing fabrics on the rifting deformation by cutting the brittle layer at different orientations with respect to the extension direction. An overview of the experimental series is shown in Table 1. In this dataset we provide four different types of data, that can serve as supporting material and for further analysis: 1) The top-view photos, taken at different steps and showing the deformation process of each model; they can be used to interpret the geometrical characteristics of rift-related faults; 2) Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) used to reconstruct the 3D deformation of the performed analogue models, allowing for quantitative analysis of the fault pattern. 3) Short movies built from top-view photos which help to visualize the evolution of model deformation; 4) line-drawing of fault and fracture patters to be used for fault statistical quantification. Further details on the modelling strategy and setup can be found in Corti (2012), Maestrelli et al. (2020), Molnar et al. (2020), Philippon et al. (2015), Zwaan et al. (2021) and in the publication associated with this dataset. Materials used for these analogue models were described in Montanari et al. (2017) Del Ventisette et al. (2019) and Zwaan et al. (2020).
This bibliography unites the individual data collected by different types of autonomous platforms deployed during MOSAiC in 2019/2020.
Temperature and heating-induced temperature differences were measured along a chain of thermistors. SIMBA 2019T67 (a.k.a. PRIC_09_06) is an autonomous instrument that was installed on drifting sea ice in the Arctic Ocean during the 1st leg of MOSAiC in October 2019. The thermistor chain was 5 m long and included 241 sensors with a regular spacing of 2cm. The resulting time series describes the evolution of temperature and temperature differences after two heating cycles of 30 and 120 s as a function of place, depth and time between 05 October 2019 and 06 August 2020 in sample intervals of 6 hours for temperature and 24 hours for temperature differences. In addition to temperature, geographic position, barometric pressure, air temperature measured 1m over the ice level, tilt and compass were measured.
Temperature and heating-induced temperature differences were measured along a chain of thermistors. SIMBA 2019T67 (a.k.a. PRIC_09_06) is an autonomous instrument that was installed on drifting sea ice in the Arctic Ocean during the 1st leg of MOSAiC in October 2019. The thermistor chain was 5 m long and included 241 sensors with a regular spacing of 2cm. The resulting time series describes the evolution of temperature and temperature differences after two heating cycles of 30 and 120 s as a function of place, depth and time between 05 October 2019 and 06 August 2020 in sample intervals of 6 hours for temperature and 24 hours for temperature differences. In addition to temperature, geographic position, barometric pressure, air temperature measured 1m over the ice level, tilt and compass were measured.
Ziel ist es, die Bedeutung der Initialansiedlung und Dispersion bei der Entstehung und der Dynamik von Fleckenhaftigkeit und Zonierungen von Makrofaunagemeinschaften zu erfassen. - Ansiedlung unter dem Einfluss von Hydrographie, Sedimentstruktur, Sedimentumlagerung und biotischen Bedingungen. - Untersuchungen im Freiland zunaechst abgeschlossen; Strukturierung der Verteilungsmuster von Makrofauna wird mit Hilfe von Modellrechnungen analysiert.
In Mediterranean ecosystems, soil organic matter (SOM) can be directly affected by wildfires, both in terms of quantity and quality. The combustion is often incomplete, leading to the formation of pyrogenic organic matter (PyOM), a highly heterogeneous material with prevailing aromatic nature and often long residence time in soil. Focusing our attention on PyOM, we investigate a soil toposequence on the north-eastern side of Mount Etna, Italy, with six sites ranging from 500 m to 1800 m asl. A previous study on the same sites based on the radiocarbon dating of charcoal fragments and the most refractory fraction of SOM, supported the hypothesis that fire frequency is historically higher at lower elevations due to a warmer and drier climate regime. In this work, we evaluate the long-term effect of fire on the chemical and physical characteristics of SOM and, to a lesser extent also shorter-term effects using two sites having a different recent fire history. Chemical oxidation of SOM using acid dichromate are performed to evaluate the contribution of pyrogenic organic carbon (PyOC) to total SOC. Furthermore, SOM density fractions are separated and characterised for principal composition, spectroscopic properties (DRIFT and NMR), and particle morphology (SEM).
Der Umgang mit organischen Abfaellen ist zu einem weltweiten Problem herangewachsen, nicht zuletzt deswegen, da Deponieflaechen rarer werden und die Kosten fuer eine sichere Entsorgung steigen. Die Verwendung von kompostierten organischen Abfaellen in der Landwirtschaft ist nur begrenzt moeglich, da es schwierig ist, ein gleichfoermiges, sicheres Produkt von hoher Qualitaet zu garantierten. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, ist grundlegende Forschung notwendig. In diesem Projekt sollen die Veraenderungen der organischen Substanzen waehrend der Kompostierung untersucht, Qualitaetsparameter fuer reifen Kompost entwickelt und die Bioverfuegbarkeit von Schwermetallen ermittelt werden. Der limitierende Faktor fuer die weitergehende Verwertung von organischen Abfaellen aus Haushalten ist die wechselnde Zusammensetzung und damit die Qualitaet. Deshalb ist es das Ziel dieses Projektes, das wissenschaftliche Verstaendnis fuer die Reaktionen bei der Kompostierung zu entwickeln, mit der Absicht, einen oder mehrere Parameter angeben zu koennen, die die Kompostqualitaet naeher definieren. Fuer die Versuche soll fester kommunaler Kompost aus verschiedenen Quellen verwendet werden. Die Probenahme erfolgt waehrend der Kompostierung. Sickerwasser, sowie Extrakte werden sowohl in Deutschland als auch in Israel bezueglich verschiedener Parameter untersucht. Huminsaeuren, Fulvinsaeuren und die Nichthuminstofffraktion sollen aus dem Kompost extrahiert und quantifiziert werden. Fuer die Analyse werden C-NMR, DRIFT und FTIR sowie Gelchromatographie und HPLC verwendet. Die Anwendung von Chromatographietechniken in Verbindung mit DOC-Messung fuer die fluessigen Extrakte wird der Grundbaustein fuer die Entwicklung neuer Parameter zur Charakterisierung der Reife der Komposte. In den Extrakten werden ausserdem Bioverfuegbarkeit von Metallen und die Toxizitaet bestimmt. Die Aktivitaet von phenoloxidierenden Enzymen, die bisher in Komposten noch nicht bestimmt wurde, soll gemessen werden, um den biologischen Abbauprozess zu beobachten. Schliesslich soll die Rolle der Huminstoffe auf die Extrahierbarkeit, den Transport und die Aufnahme von Schwermetallen durch Pflanzen ermittelt werden. Aufgrund dieser Daten wird es moeglich sein, das Risiko fuer die Verwendung von Kompost abzuschaetzen.
Entwicklung von kulturangepassten Dosiermethoden fuer Pflanzenschutzmittel bei Gemuese- und Beerenkulturen. Weiterentwicklung des Weinbaudosiermodels unter Beruecksichtigung der unterschiedlichen Rebenerziehungen. Beurteilung von Anlagerung, Bedeckung und biologischer Wirkung von Sensortechnik und driftreduzierenden Duesen im Obst- und Weinbau. Weiterentwicklung und Zusammenfuehrung der beiden TRV-Methoden Kern- und Steinobst zu einer Baumvolumenmethode Obstbau.
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