This dataset is a database of geochemical data, especially isotope analysis, for a selection of Roman denarii. The selection was primarily based on numismatic criteria. The focus is on denarii from the late Republic until the reign of Severus Alexander (220 CE) found in Germany. The data were collected as part of the first author's PhD thesis (T. Greifelt), with interpretation to follow in the completed thesis. A total of 213 denarii were sampled through several campaigns between 2017 and 19 from four collections including the LWL Museum für Kunst und Kultur Münster; the hoards from Hanau-Kesselstadt, Hanauer Geschichtsverein, Historisches Museum Hanau Schloss Philippsruhe; Regensburg-Kumpfmühl, Historisches Museum Regensburg; and coins from the Varusschlacht-Museum and Park Kalkriese. Sampling was carried out via drilling. The chemical preparation adhered to standard geochemical workflows adapted for archaeometric analysis. Analysis methods included EPMA and MC-ICP-MS. In this initial version of the publication, a data file with isotope results and detailed metadata is provided in .csv format. A subsequent version will include a second file with the elemental composition of the coins. The metadata profile of TerraLID (https://metadata.terralid.org/latest/pdf/TerraLID_Metadata_Profile.pdf ) was followed, which was specifically designed for applying (lead) isotope and elemental analysis to archaeological material. Geochemically obtained isotope and elemental data are used in archaeometallurgy to identify metal sources exploited in the production of ancient materials such as metal, glass, pigments, and others.
The data set contains mineral chemical analyses of 32 rare earth element (REE) -bearing minerals (REMin) and rare-earth oxides (REO) and their corresponding hyperspectral spectra. The hyperspectral data was acquired with the HySpex system in a range of 400 – 2500 nm and is presented in a spectral library. The resulting reflectance data are scaled from 0 - 10000. The two Rare Earth Element (REE) libraries consist of the spectra of 16 rare earth oxides powders (REO) and 14 REE-bearing minerals (REMin). In addition, it contains the spectra of niobium- and tantalum oxide, two elements technically not part of the REEs. The spectral library presented here is part of a bigger collection of spectral libraries including copper-bearing surface samples from Apliki copper-gold-pyrite mine (Koerting et al., 2019a, http://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.1.4.2019.005) and copper-bearing minerals (Koellner et al., 2019, http://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.1.4.2019.003). These libraries aim to give a spectral overview of important resources and ore mineralization.
The data set contains mineral chemical analyses of 37 different surface materials from the copper-gold-pyrite mine Apliki in the Republic of Cyprus and their corresponding hyperspectral spectra. The field samples were sampled in March 2018 in cooperation of the Cyprus Geological Survey Department of the Republic of Cyprus (GSD) and the German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ). The hyperspectral data was acquired with the HySpex system in a range of 400 – 2500nm and is presented in a spectral library. The resulting reflectance data are scaled from 0 - 10000. Detailed information about the mineral specimen, sample area and geochemistry is presented in the data sheets. The spectral library presented here is part of a bigger collection of spectral libraries including samples from rare-earth minerals, rare-earth-oxides (Koerting et al., 2019a, https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.1.4.2019.004) and copper-bearing minerals (Koellner et al., 2019, https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.1.4.2019.003).
The data set contains mineral chemical analyses of 20 copper-bearing minerals and their corresponding hyperspectral reflectance spectra. The hyperspectral data were acquired with the HySpex system in a range of 414 – 2498 nm and are presented in a spectral library. The resulting reflectance data are scaled from 0 - 10000. Detailed information about the mineral specimen, sample area and mineral chemistry is presented in the data sheets below. The spectral library presented here is part of a larger collection of spectral libraries including samples from rare-earth minerals, rare-earth-oxides (Koerting et al., 2019a, https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.1.4.2019.004) and field surface samples from a copper-gold-pyrite mine in the Republic of Cyprus (Koerting et al., 2019b, https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.1.4.2019.005) and are fully described in Koerting et al. (2020). These libraries aim to give a spectral overview of important resources and ore mineralization.
Twenty samples from the collection of the University of Potsdam (UP) and the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) were hyperspectrally measured with the HySpex system and mineral-chemically analysed by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA).