The International Geodynamics and Earth Tide Service (IGETS) was established in 2015 by the International Association of Geodesy (IAG). IGETS continues the activities of the Global Geodynamics Project (GGP, 1997-2015) to provide support to geodetic and geophysical research activities using superconducting gravimeter (SG) data within the context of an international network. The SG site “Serrahn” is located in the TERENO Observatory in the nort-eastern German lowlands. The observatory contributes to investigating the regional impact of climate and land use change. At the IGETS site Serrahn, the mean annual temperature is 8.8 °C and mean annual precipitation is 591 mm. The land cover is mainly characterized as a mixed forest, dominated by European beech and Scots pine. Influenced by the last glaciation in an outwash close to the terminal morraine, the uppermost soil layer of the site consists of aeolian sands up to a depth of 450 cm, followed by coarser sandy material with intercalated till layers. The unconfined groundwater level is at about 14 m below surface. There is hardly any human activity (e.g., traffic) at this quiet forest site. The nearest town is Neustrelitz at a distance of 5 km. Since December 2017, the superconducting gravimeter iGrav-033 is operated outdoors at this forest location (Latitude: 53.3392 N, Longitude: 13.17413 E, Elevation: 79.60 m). The gravimeter is installed in a dedicated field enclosure on top of a concrete pillar with an area of 1.1 m x 1.1 m at an elevation of 0.80 m above the terrain surface. The pillar has been build to a depth of 2.00 m below the surface. One additional pillar (also 1.1 m x 1.1 m, at surface level) is located right next to the iGrav installation and is used for repeated observations with absolute gravimeters (AG). At the site, meteorological (precipitation, air temperature, humidity, air pressure) and hydrological (groundwater, soil moisture, sapflow, throughfall) parameters are monitored by different sensors. Raw gravity and local atmospheric pressure records sampled at second intervals and the same records decimated at 1‐minute samples are provided as Level 1 products to the IGETS network.
IGETS is the International Geodynamics and Earth Tide Service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG). The main objective of IGETS is to monitor temporal variations of the Earth gravity field through long‐term records from ground gravimeters, tiltmeters, strainmeters and other geodynamic sensors. IGETS continues the activities of the Global Geodynamics Project (GGP) to provide support to geodetic and geophysical research activities using superconducting gravimeter (SG) data within the context of an international network. Furthermore, IGETS continues the activities of the International Center for Earth Tides (ICET), in particular, in collecting, archiving and distributing Earth tide records from long series of gravimeters, tiltmeters, strainmeters and other geodynamic sensors. GFZ is the main Data Center and operates the IGETS data base of worldwide high precision SG records. EOST (Ecole et Observatoire des Sciences de la Terre, Strasbourg, France) is the secondary Data Center, The University of French Polynesia (Tahiti) and EOST (Strasbourg, France) are the two current Analysis Centers.
The International Geodynamics and Earth Tides Service (IGETS) was established in 2015 by the International Association of Geodesy IAG. IGETS continues the activities of the Global Geodynamics Project (GGP) between 1997 and 2015 to provide support to geodetic and geophysical research activities using superconducting gravimeter (SG) data within the context of an international network. As part of this network, the Eifel Gravimetric Observatory Germany (EIGOG) was established by the GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences in August 2025. Continuous time-varying gravity and atmospheric pressure data from the SG at EIGOG are integrated in the IGETS data base hosted by GFZ. The EIGOG observatory is located at the Buchholz Provostry (Propstei Buchholz) in the municipality of Burgbrohl. It is part of a multiparameter station for the monitoring and analysis of seismic and volcanic signals within the Central European Volcanic Province Observatory (CVO) in the Eifel region. Additional sensors at Buchholz are GNSS, InSAR corner reflector, seismometer, tiltmeter, groundwater level and a weather station. The operation and maintenance of the EIGOG instrumentation is done by staff of the GFZ. EIGOG is a high precision gravimetric observatory with the dual-sphere OSG D037 manufactured by GWR Instruments as core instrument, one of the two SGs operating at Sutherland, South Africa, until December 2024 (Förste et al., 2016, http://doi.org/10.5880/igets.su.l1.001). The time series of gravity and barometric pressure from the OSG D037 starts in August 2025. The SG is active and the time series is kept up to date regularly with a time delay of a few months. The time sampling of the raw gravity and barometric pressure data of IGETS Level 1 is 1 second and 1 minute. For a detailed description of the IGETS data base and the provided files see Voigt et al. (2016, http://doi.org/10.2312/GFZ.b103-16087).
The International Geodynamics and Earth Tide Service (IGETS) was established in 2015 by the International Association of Geodesy IAG. IGETS continues the activities of the Global Geodynamics Project (GGP) between 1997 and 2015 to provide support to geodetic and geophysical research activities using superconducting gravimeter (SG) data within the context of an international network. The Conrad Observatory (CO) is located at Trafelberg, Lower Austria, about 50 km south-west of Vienna at an elevation of about 1050m. Three different geological formations are found in the vicinity of the CO: the Gutenstein Formation, Reifling Formation, and Wetterstein Limestone. The observatory is part of a large underground installation covering the full geophysical monitoring program including seismology, gravity, meteorology and geomagnetism. It includes two main facilities: (1) The seismo-gravimetric observatory (SGO), which was opened in 2002, and (2) the geomagnetic observatory (GMO), officially opened in 2014. Temporal variation of gravity is monitored at CO since autumn 2007 by the Superconducting Gravimeter GWR C025 (until November 2018) and, after a longer interruption, by GWR iGrav 050. The time series of gravity and barometric pressure from the iGrav SG 050 starts in April 2024. The time sampling of the raw gravity and barometric pressure data of IGETS Level 1 is 1 second and 1 minute. For a detailed description of the IGETS data base and the provided files see Voigt et al. (2016, https://doi.org/10.2312/GFZ.b103-16087).
This dataset includes the results of 5 lithospheric-scale, brittle-ductile analogue experiments of extension and subsequent shortening performed at the Geodynamic Modelling Laboratory at Monash University (Melbourne, Australia). Here we investigated (1) the influence of the mechanical stratification of the model layers on rift basins during extension and (2) the influence of these basins on shortening-related structures. This dataset consists of images and movies that illustrate the evolution of topography (i.e., model surface height) and cumulative and incremental axial strain during the experiments. Topography and strain measures were obtained using digital image correlation (DIC) which was applied to sequential images of the model surface. This dataset also includes orthophotos (i.e., orthorectified images) of the model surface, overlain with fault traces and basins that were interpreted using QGIS. The experiments are described in detail in Samsu et al. (submitted to Solid Earth), to which this dataset is supplementary.
Tables that include information and calculations associated with water samples collected from rivers in Central Italy. The goal of the project was to determine the carbon budget for the Central Apennine Mountains of Italy, by accounting for weathering reactions that are responsible for either CO2 drawdown or release into the atmosphere. The carbon budget was created by: 1) analysing samples from different water bodies and sources in the Central Apennines (rivers, lakes, and groundwater) for ion and isotope signatures, and 2) by incorporating the ion and isotope signatures from the waters into an inversion model that partitions these signatures into different sources (e.g. minerals, vegetation, atmospheric sources) around the landscape. All data associated with this publication are provided in a single excel spreadsheet that contains a separate tab for each of the 18 Tables. The supplementary data include: 1) Information on the locations of the water samples and associated water bodies, described in the “Sampling Methods” section, 2) ion and isotope measurements from the water samples, described in the “Analytical Procedure” section, 3) the setup and output from the inversion model, and 4) the CO2 calculations that form the basis for the carbon budget, described in the “Data Processing” section. Water samples were collected over two seasons, in winter and summer; data in the tables are divided by sampling season, where indicated in the content description. For a full description of the sampling strategy, data, and methods, please refer to: Erlanger et al. (2024) “Deep CO2 release and the carbon budget of the central Apennines modulated by geodynamics” Nature Geoscience.
The International Geodynamics and Earth Tide Service (IGETS) was established in 2015 by the International Association of Geodesy (IAG). IGETS continues the activities of the Global Geodynamics Project (GGP, 1997-2015) to provide support to geodetic and geophysical research activities using superconducting gravimeter (SG) data within the context of an international network. Raw gravity and local atmospheric pressure records sampled at second and the same records decimated at 1‐minute samples are provided as Level 1 products of the IGETS network for the Pecný station (https://doi.org/10.5880/igets.pe.l1.001). The corrected 1-minute samples have been prepared by operators of the station, from raw decimated 1-minute samples, by following steps: 1) The 1-minute samples have been used to compute residual gravity signal by using the SG calibration factor and applying corrections from tides, atmosphere and polar motion. 2) These data have been associated with auxiliary data from the SG (Dewar Pressure, Tx/Ty balance, Neck temperature etc.) and information from LOG files. 3) Gaps have been created in the residual gravity signal according to auxiliary data and log files. Moreover, gaps were created also for large disturbances, where the residual signal exceeding 20 nm/s^2. 4) Gaps up to 24 hours were filled by a linear fit. 5) Spikes exceeding 5 nm/s^2 were removed by using TSOFT. 6) Steps were applied only in exceptional cases in accordance with LOG files. 7) The cleaned residual signal was converted to corrected 1-minute samples by using the same corrections and the calibration factor as used in 1). Therefore, the corrected 1-minute signal is again in units as the raw data (Volt). Note, since 31 October 2017, the OSG-050 is running at new site (NGL - new gravimetric laboratory at Pecný) according to https://doi.org/10.5880/igets.pe.l1.001.
In the southern Central Andes (~32°S), subduction of the Nazca oceanic plate beneath the South American continental plate becomes horizontal. The growth of the Altiplano-Puna Plateau is covalently related to the southward migration of the flat subduction, but the role of subduction geometry and the plate strength on current and long-term deformation of the Andes remains poorly explored. This study takes a data-driven approach of integrating the previous structural and thermal model of the lithosphere of the southern central Andes into a 3D geodynamic model to explore the different parameters contributing to the localization of deformation. We simulate visco-plastic deformation using the geodynamic code ASPECT. The repository includes parameter files and input files for the reference model (S1) and the following alternative simulations: a series of models with variation in friction at the subduction interface (S2a-d), a series of models with variation in sedimentary strength (S3a-d), a series that studies the effect of topography (S4), and a series that studies the effect of plate velocities. In addition, a readme file gives all the instructions to run them.
The International Geodynamics and Earth Tide Service (IGETS) was established in 2015 by the International Association of Geodesy (IAG). IGETS continues the activities of the Global Geodynamics Project (GGP, 1997-2015) to provide support to geodetic and geophysical research activities using superconducting gravimeter (SG) data within the context of an international network. The Membach station is located near the river Vesdre. It consists of a 130 m long gallery excavated in the side of the valley that rises to the Hautes Fagnes plateau. At the end of the gallery, there are two rooms, located at ~45 m below the ground surface. Room 1 is dedicated to absolute gravity and seismic measurements; room 2 houses the superconducting gravimeter. The structure of the gallery and the rooms is in reinforced concrete. It was built in the early 1970s to monitor the seismic activity in the vicinity of the Gileppe and Eupen water reservoirs. Works were performed contemporeanously with the raising of the Gileppe dam. The gallery has been excavated in low-porosity argillaceous sandstone with quartzitic beds. As a function of rainfall and seasonal effects, gravity variations up to 40 nms-2 have been observed, and are mostly due to groundwater changes in the vadose zone above the underground laboratory (Van Camp et al., 2006). Strong rainfall induces rapid gravity decreases (Meurers et al 2007; Delobbe et al., 2019). At the surface, a beech forest. Absolute gravity measurements have been performed on average every month since 1996, using the FG5#202 gravimeter and the station is also the reference point for the Belgian gravity network. The SG GWR#C021 has been operating continuously since 1995 August so that, since 2017 September 18, it holds both records for the longest continuous time spent measuring gravity variations in the same place and for the longest superconducting levitation of an artefact (Van Camp et al., 2017). For high precision works like Earth tides analysis on long time series, data should not be used before 1998 June 12, when the original "TIDE" card in the SG electronics was replaced by the "GGP" one. Filters are different, and so are the transfer functions. Moreover, in this early period, the SG suffered from numerous technical issues, causing several changes in the amplitude and phase calibrations and making it difficult to ensure that the data are as reliable as after 1998 June.
The International Geodynamics and Earth Tide Service (IGETS) was established in 2015 by the International Association of Geodesy IAG. IGETS continues the activities of the Global Geodynamics Project (GGP) between 1997 and 2015 to provide support to geodetic and geophysical research activities using superconducting gravimeter (SG) data within the context of an international network. As part of this network, the Helgoland Gravimetric Observatory Germany (HELGOG) was established by the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in March 2020. Continuous time-varying gravity and atmospheric pressure data from the iGrav SG at HELGOG are integrated in the IGETS data base hosted by GFZ. HELGOG is located in the basement of the Biological Institute Helgoland (BAH) of the Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI), Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research. The operation and maintenance of the HELGOG instrumentation is jointly done by staff of AWI and GFZ. The iGrav SG is directly installed on the concrete floor of the basement. The distance from the iGrav SG to the North Sea is only 10 m. Being located at sea level (H=2.059 m), the iGrav SG is predominantly sensitive to vertical displacements. Helgoland is Germany’s only island in the open sea 50 km away from the mainland. The gravimetric observations enable the analysis of ocean tides and non-tidal mass redistributions, especially in connection with storm surges in the North Sea (see also Weise et al. 2020). Next to the iGrav SG, there is space for absolute gravimeters (first measurements in July 2020 by Ludger Timmen from Leibniz Universität Hannover) and other instruments. The nearby continuous Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) stations HELG and HEL2 are operated by BKG (Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy). HELGOG is also part of the Observation Platform Helgoland including seismometers, infrasound, spring gravimeters and tiltmeters. HELGOG is equipped with the iGrav SG 047 manufactured by GWR Instruments. The time series of gravity and barometric pressure from the iGrav SG 047 starts in March 2020. The SG is active and the time series is kept up to date regularly with a time delay of a few months. The time sampling of the raw gravity and barometric pressure data of IGETS Level 1 is 1 second and 1 minute. For a detailed description of the IGETS data base and the provided files see Voigt et al. (2016, http://doi.org/10.2312/GFZ.b103-16087).
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