Groundwater can respond quickly to precipitation and is the main contribution to streamflow in most catchments in humid, temperate climates. To better understand shallow groundwater dynamics in a boreal headwater catchment, we installed a network of groundwater wells in two areas in the Krycklan catchment in Northern Sweden. This dataset contains groundwater level data and sampling data from a small headwater catchment (3.5 ha, 54 wells) and a hillslope (1 ha, 21 wells).
The dataset is arranged in to subsets, Dataset 1 and 2, the first containing groundwater levels and related information while the second contains information on the chemical sampling procedure and laboratory results.
The average wells depth was 274 cm (range: 70 - 581 cm) and recorded the groundwater level variation at a 10-30 min interval between 18. July 2018 – 1. November 2020. Manual water level measurements (0 - 26 per well) during the summer seasons in 2018 and 2019 were used to confirm and re-calibrate the water level logger results.
The groundwater level data for each well was carefully processed and quality controlled, using six data labels. The location and depths of the wells are in the file 2022-020_Erdbruegger-et-al_Krycklan_gw_wells.csv and the groundwater levels and classifications 2022-020_Erdbruegger-et-al_Krycklan_gw_levels.csv.
The absolute and relative positions of the wells were measured with a high-precision GPS and terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) to determine differences in groundwater levels and thus groundwater gradients (the report of the registration of the point clouds can be found in the files 2022-020_Erdbruegger-et-al_TSL_registration_report_[A/B].rtf). During the summer of 2019, all wells with sufficient water were sampled and analyzed for electrical conductivity, pH, absorbance, anion and cation concentrations, as well as δ18O and δ2H (information on the sampling and the laboratory results can be found in the files 2022-020_Erdbruegger-et-al_Krycklan_gw_chemistry.csv, 2022-020_Erdbruegger-et-al_Field_protocol.csv, 2022-020_Erdbruegger-et-al_Lab_analysis_description.pdf). This combined hydrometric and hydrochemical dataset can be useful to test models that simulate groundwater dynamics and to evaluate subsurface hydrological connectivity. The full description of the data and methods is provided in citation of article XX when available.
The dataset is the basis for describing a 60-year-long evolution of groundwater dynamics and thermal field in the North German Basin beneath the Federal State of Brandenburg (NE Germany), covering the period between 1953 and 2014 with monthly increments. It was produced by one-way coupling of a near-surface distributed hydrologic model to a 3D basin-scale thermohydraulic groundwater model with the goal of investigating feedbacks between climate-driven forcing (in terms of time- and space-varying recharge and temperature), basin-scale geology, and topographic gradients. Modeled pressure and temperature distributions are validated against published groundwater level and temperature time series from observation wells. Our results indicate the spatio-temporal extent of the groundwater system subjected to nonlinear interactions between local geological variability and climate conditions.
The dataset comprises of input files and scripts required to run the groundwater model in GOLEM and output files from the transient thermo-hydraulic simulations in EXODUS format. The input and output data is organized as separate archived folders (*.gz format).
This dataset contains large-scale groundwater storage anomalies for the Sesan and Srepok catchments in the Central Highlands of Vietnam. The anomalies were derived from in-situ groundwater well water level time series and hydrogeological information. A detailed description of the datasets and methods can be found in Sayyadi et al 2025.
The dataset is comprised of three files: insitu_groundater_storage_anomalies.csv, GW_wells.csv and a shape file with the Thiessen polygones indicating the extent of the area for which the storage calculations were performed.
insitu_groundater_storage_anomalies.csv contains the groundwater storage variations, with the following columns:
1. gws_mm (Groundwater Storage in millimeters): The gws_mm data represent groundwater storage anomalies derived from in-situ well measurements. Groundwater levels were recorded monthly from a network of observation wells across the study area. Specific yield values were used to convert the groundwater level variations into storage anomalies, measured in millimeters of water equivalent.
2. seasonal_adjusted: The seasonal_adjusted data were obtained by removing the seasonal component from the raw groundwater storage time series (gws_mm). This was done by calculating the mean monthly anomalies and subtracting them from the original data to isolate non-seasonal variations.
3. trend: The trend data represent the linear trend component of the groundwater storage anomalies. The trend was calculated using a linear regression model applied to the seasonal-adjusted data, highlighting long-term groundwater storage changes over the study period.
4. detrended: The detrended data were created by removing both the seasonal and long-term trend components from the gws_mm data. This dataset captures short-term fluctuations and anomalies, free from the regular seasonal and trend influences.
GW_wells.csv contains a list of the griundwater wells used in the study, with information about their location and lithology, as well as the range of associated specific yields (sy).
Thiessen_polygones_GW_wells_2S.shp is a georeferenced shape sile containing the Thiessen polygones for the wells in GW_wells.csv.