This dataset was collected during field-based monitoring in the Kali Gandaki River catchment be-tween the years 2013 and 2017. The monitoring aims to understand the hydrological fluxes and feedback with weathering and erosion processes across the mountain range. The Kali Gandaki River sources its water in the North and traverses through the Himalayan Mountain Range, along a north-south transect. The field-based monitoring comprises targeted field campaigns to revisit locations at different years and seasons in order to constrain the annual and intra-annual variability.
This is complemented by permanent installations and routine river and rain sampling at two loca-tions, Lete and Purtighat. Lete is situated at the orographic barrier, at ~2500 m asl. and the up-stream catchment integrates the northern part of the Himalayan Range as well as some of the southern edge of the Tibetan Plateau. Purtighat is located further south and integrates the north-ern part as well as south-facing flanks of the Higher and Lower Himalayas. At both locations, auto-mated river monitoring is installed as well as a trained station ward for daily routine sampling. At Lete, rainfall samples are obtained on a daily resolution during the monsoon. This sampling was not feasible at Purtighat for logistic reasons. Instead, rain was sampled daily in Kathmandu.
This dataset contains five tables of stable water isotope analysis. One containing grab samples from the Kali Gandaki river in its vicinities and 4 tables with time series sampling from the Kali Gandaki River and from rainfall.
This dataset contains large-scale groundwater storage anomalies for the Sesan and Srepok catchments in the Central Highlands of Vietnam. The anomalies were derived from in-situ groundwater well water level time series and hydrogeological information. A detailed description of the datasets and methods can be found in Sayyadi et al 2025.
The dataset is comprised of three files: insitu_groundater_storage_anomalies.csv, GW_wells.csv and a shape file with the Thiessen polygones indicating the extent of the area for which the storage calculations were performed.
insitu_groundater_storage_anomalies.csv contains the groundwater storage variations, with the following columns:
1. gws_mm (Groundwater Storage in millimeters): The gws_mm data represent groundwater storage anomalies derived from in-situ well measurements. Groundwater levels were recorded monthly from a network of observation wells across the study area. Specific yield values were used to convert the groundwater level variations into storage anomalies, measured in millimeters of water equivalent.
2. seasonal_adjusted: The seasonal_adjusted data were obtained by removing the seasonal component from the raw groundwater storage time series (gws_mm). This was done by calculating the mean monthly anomalies and subtracting them from the original data to isolate non-seasonal variations.
3. trend: The trend data represent the linear trend component of the groundwater storage anomalies. The trend was calculated using a linear regression model applied to the seasonal-adjusted data, highlighting long-term groundwater storage changes over the study period.
4. detrended: The detrended data were created by removing both the seasonal and long-term trend components from the gws_mm data. This dataset captures short-term fluctuations and anomalies, free from the regular seasonal and trend influences.
GW_wells.csv contains a list of the griundwater wells used in the study, with information about their location and lithology, as well as the range of associated specific yields (sy).
Thiessen_polygones_GW_wells_2S.shp is a georeferenced shape sile containing the Thiessen polygones for the wells in GW_wells.csv.