Lead concentration and stable isotopes were analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in samples from an ombrotrophic peat bog at Füramoos (southern Germany).
Major and trace element concentrations and Sr, Nd, Hf, Pb isotope ratios of global mid ocean ridge and ocean island basalt whole-rock compositions from the GEOROC and PetDB databases (2021-2022). Key publications: Stracke, A., Willig, M., Genske, F., Béguelin, P., & Todd, E. (2022). Chemical Geodynamics Insights From a Machine Learning Approach. In Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (Vol. 23, Issue 10). https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GC010606 Stracke, A., Willig, M., Genske, F., Béguelin, P., & Todd, E. (2022). Chemical and radiogenic isotope data of ocean island basalts from Tristan da Cunha, Gough, St. Helena, and the Cook-Austral Islands [dataset]. GRO.data. https://doi.org/10.25625/BQENGN
Gas emission measurements at an ecosystem or site relevant scale, currently require substantial infra-structure investment in terms of flux towers or hiring airplanes for measurements, which renders the methods logistically difficult, inflexible and ultimately rare. Although there are moves towards satellite based technologies for measuring gas concentrations these methods do not provide information on the potential sources, sinks and processes driving the gas emissions that stable isotope based Keeling Plot techniques do. Consequently site specific methods for gas sampling and flux portioning are still required. Given this, hundreds if not thousands of researchers and authorities around the world are seeking new technologies to accurately measure gas emissions easily, from a vast variety of urban, natural and agro ecosystems across the globe. In the last couple of years easy access to unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) has opened up new opportunities for remote gas sampling. These measurements could all be achieved at any remote site with minimal infrastructure costs, personnel training and possibilities for outsourcing of gas analysis and flux calculations. The ultimate vision of a plug and play Iso-2-Drone coupled with a full service package would open up a much larger potential market and allow local governments, industries and research organizations to secure realistic measurements of their gas fluxes at reasonable costs. With the original FFG Iso-Drone innovation check we at CombInnoTec GmbH and the AIT took this novel state of the art idea of Iso-Drone off the drawing board to create a functional primary prototype, which established the proof of principle that an independently operated gas sampling system could be constructed. With our combined expertise in mechatronics and stable isotope greenhouse gas measurements. We proved that Iso-Drone was fit for purpose in terms of providing appropriate number and volume of gas samples needed for Keeling Plots. With significant CombInnoTec investment and two subsequent small exploratory grants from the UN we further improved the technology and demonstrated that the system was light enough to fit onto an available drone and that it was capable of accurate sampling for isotope analysis and thus calculation of GHG flux measurements specifically carbon dioxide. Now in this project we want to develop these nascent innovations and early prototypes into a commercially packaged, thoroughly tested and easily integrated gas sampling module that could fit onto any UAV's with appropriate payload capability and explore the possibilities of offering a full service package; rendering Iso-2-Drone the go to product for GHG flux measurements. We therefore want to team up with one of the forefront UAV companies in the environmental research sector in the USA, namely M3 Consulting Group, to further develop, test and place our product in a strategic position in the global market.
In eastern Hesse and western Thuringia, Germany hosts significant potassium-bearing salt deposits industrially excavated in the Werra-Fulda mining district. The salt belongs to the upper Permian (Zechstein) and was deposited around 258 to 252.5 Ma ago. In the Werra-Fulda mining district, the halite rocks (Werra-Rocksalt, z1NA) contain two minable potash seams, potash Seam Thüringen (z1KTh) and potash Seam Hessen (z1KHe), with an average thickness between 2 m and 3 m (Figure 1). To investigate the chemical and isotopic composition of the gas phase of Seam Hessen, gaseous samples were collected from five, 2-meter deep, horizontal boreholes drilled in the potash horizon which is mined at a depth of 540 m. About 4 weeks in advance of the gas sampling, the packer-closed boreholes were evacuated to about 3kPa and the pressure gradient inside the holes was continuously monitored in the boreholes D1 to D5. Selected gas samples were analyzed for their noble gas isotopic composition and the δ13C values of CO2 and CH4. The noble gas isotopic compositions were determined using a VG 5400 noble gas mass spectrometer after purification in a preparation line. The carbon isotope compositions were analysed with a GC-IRMS, comprising a GC 6890N connected to a GC-C/TC III combustion device and coupled to a MAT 253 mass spectrometer. The standard deviation of the δ13C values (in ‰ vs. VPDB) is ± 0.5 ‰. The data are provided as one, Excel file with three spreadsheets as well as three individual, tab-delimited text files.
Carbon and oxygen stable isotope ratios of modern pollen from abundant European tree species (Abies alba, Acer pseudoplatanus, Alnus glutinosa, Betula pendula, Carpinus betulus, Corylus avellana, Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, Quercus robur). The pollen samples were collected in 2015 and 2016 in their respective flowering period in natural habitats. The dataset comprises additional information about the sampling surrounding and environmental factors for each sample.
Im Rahmen des Verbundvorhabens werden von den Sektionen Hydrogeologie, Analytik, Gewaesserforschung, Bodenforschung und Umweltmikrobiologie folgende Objekte in Mitteldeutschland bearbeitet: Tagebau Cospuden mit Kippe, Restsee und quartaere und tertiaere Grundwasserleiter sowie Bezug zu den Tagebauten Zwenkau und Espenhain; Tagebaurevier Goitsche mit Kippen, Restseen und hydrogeologischer Umgebung sowie Bezug zum SAFIRA-Vorhaben. Die Kommunikation des Grundwassers in den bergbaulich gestoerten Aquifersystemen entlang des Pfades Anstrom-Kippe-Restsee-Abstrom bildet den hydrogeologisch-hydrodynamischen Schwerpunkt im Vorhaben. Es sollen belastbare Aussagen zu Schichtungsverhaeltnissen, Mischungsprozessen, Stockwerkskommunikation und zur Altersstruktur von Grundwaessern erzielt werden. Dabei kommt dem Langzeitverhalten von Kippenkoerpern und von charakteristischen Komponenten gegenueber dem Grundwasser in der Kippe und in angrenzenden GWL besondere Bedeutung zu. Der Grenzbereich Restsee-Aquifer, in dem es zu Stoffaustauschvorgaengen zwischen Kippe und Tagebaurestsee kommt, hat Einfluss auf die Wasserqualitaetsentwicklung von Tagebaurestseen und angeschlossenem Grundwasserleiter. Hier setzen Untersuchungen zum mikrobiologischen Potential und zur biochemischen Stoffumwandlung im Grundwasserabstrom (Sulfatreduktion) an. Der Wasserhaushalt und die Untersuchung hydraulischer Vorgaenge im Kippenkoerper in Verbindung mit der Wechselwirkung von Kippensediment und Grundwasser bilden den hydraulischen und stofflichen Schwerpunkt des Vorhabens. Entscheidend ist die Qualifizierung des bestehenden hydraulischen Kippenmodells fuer das stofflich und strukturell heterogene Kippengebirge mit instationaerer und stationaerer Hydraulik in bezug auf strukturelle 3D-Erweiterung. Es ist das Ziel, ein konzeptionelles Wasserhaushaltmodell fuer Kippen im mitteldeutschen Raum abzuleiten. Stoffliche Daten sind dabei aus Untersuchungen zur Sekundaermineralbildung, zu Quellen der Versauerungen der Grund- und Oberflaechenwaesser, zum Eluationsverhalten von relevanten Schwermetallen und begleitenden Elementen (Al, Fe, Mn, Ni, As, Seltene Erden) und zum Reaktionsumsatz zu gewinnen. Mit Hilfe mikro- und mesoskaliger Simulationsexperimente (Lysimeter-/Saeulenuntersuchungen) sowie Tracereinsatz (stofflich und isotopisch) wird die Grundwasserneubildung und Stoffmobilitaet in der ungesaettigten Zone auf Kippenstandorten modelliert. Die Modellierung an Kippen und Aquifer in Hinblick auf die Entwicklung der Grundwasserbeschaffenheit umfasst den Modellierungsschwerpunkt des Verbundvorhabens. Die Kopplung von geochemischer Gleichgewichtsmodellierung und reaktiver Transportmodellierung ist das entscheidende Werkzeug, um prognostische Aussagen ueber Loesung, Faellung und Transport von Stoffen und Verbindungen im System Grundwasser-Kippe-Restsee unter wechselnden Randbedingungen zu gewinnen...
Soil organic matter is very important for many soil functions. How long carbon remains in the soil is a key factor, but until now this has been little understood. Samuel Abiven and his team would like to raise the understanding of the dynamics of soil carbon. They are particularly concerned with the reaction of the soil organic matter to climate change and to changes in land use. The soil organic matter consists of a mixture of organic molecules that come from plant residues, as well as micro-organisms that decompose these residues in the soil and transform them. The soil organic matter contains a significant amount of the carbon, which, in terms of quantity comes globally to almost three times more than the amount contained in the atmosphere in the form of carbon dioxide and methane. In the soil, the carbon is however turning over much more slowly than in the atmosphere or with plant biomass. Soils can therefore be a sink for carbon, but also serve as a source, if conditions change and decomposition is accelerated. Climate change, for instance, can modify micro-organism activity as well as the structure of the soil organic matter. Changes in land use can change the physico-chemical properties, as well as the kind of litter material that penetrates the soil. The investigations will be coordinated with the research team of Frank Hagedorn (WSL) and Tim Eglinton (ETH Zurich). It is currently difficult to characterise the development of soil organic matter underlying these changes. It depends to a large part on the vulnerability of the organic soil matter to these changes. The project examines the vulnerability of soils, which - just like forest soils - possess a very high level of organic matter and therefore have a higher risk of losing soil matter as a consequence of climate and land use changes. The team, in so doing, is searching for possibilities to ascertain the vulnerability of the soils by examining their properties. It is be possible in this way to identify the most endangered soils and take suitable protective measures.
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