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Die Digitale Topographische Karte 1:100 000 (DTK100) beinhaltet die Rasterdaten der „Topographischen Karte 1:100 000 (TK100)“. Die DTK100 wird computerunterstützt aus dem ATKIS®-DLM und DGM der Bundesländer abgeleitet. Die Signaturierung der Kartenobjekte folgt den Regeln des Signaturenkatalogs ATKIS®-SK100. Die Rasterdaten sind nach kartographischen Inhaltselementen in Layer (Einzelebenen) gegliedert. Neben dem Summenlayer, der das vollständige farbige Kartenblatt beinhaltet, sind 24 weitere einfarbige Einzellayer Bestandteil der DTK100. Die Daten stehen in einer einheitlichen Rasterauflösung flächendeckend für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland zur Verfügung.
The GBL (INSPIRE) represents mechanically drilled boreholes approved by the State Geological Surveys of Germany (SGS). Most of the drilling data were not collected by the SGS, but were transmitted to SGS by third parties in accordance with legal requirements. Therefore, the SGS can accept no responsibility for the accuracy of the information. According to the Data Specification on Geology (D2.8.II.4_v3.0) the boreholes of each federal state are stored in one INSPIRE-compliant GML file. The GML file together with a Readme.txt file is provided in ZIP format (e.g. GBL-INSPIRE_Lower_Saxony.zip). The Readme.txt file (German/English) contains detailed information on the GML file content. Data transformation was proceeded by using the INSPIRE Solution Pack for FME according to the INSPIRE requirements.
Die Carboxylat-Exsudation ist ein wichtiger Prozess für Pflanzen, um eine ausreichende Nährstoffaufnahme, insbesondere in Böden mit Phosphor-Mangel, sicherzustellen. Die Gewinnung von Carboxylatproben von im Boden gewachsenen Wurzeln ist aufgrund der geringen Konzentrationen von Carboxylaten in der Bodenlösung und ihrer schnellen Mineralisierung durch Mikroben sehr anspruchsvoll. Deshalb wurden die meisten Studien bisher mit künstlichen Wachstumssystemen (z. B. Hydroponik) durchgeführt, von denen viele die Zusammensetzung und Menge der Wurzelexsudate beeinflussen können. Wegen dieser erheblichen technischen Lücke besteht immer noch eine große Wissenslücke hinsichtlich der räumlichen Verteilung von Carboxylat-Exsudaten in der Rhizosphäre, sowie hinsichtlich des zeitlichen Verlaufs der Exsudation über die Vegetationsperiode von Kulturpflanzen. Wir haben kürzlich eine niedrig-invasive Citrat-Exsudat-Probenahmemethode entwickelt, die auf der “Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films” Methode (DGT) basiert. Diese Methode stellt eine signifikante Verbesserung gegenüber bestehenden Techniken dar. In diesem Projekt werden wir (1) unsere DGT-Citrat-Probenahmemethode weiterentwickeln, um weitere wichtige Carboxylat-Exsudat-Verbindungen einzubeziehen, (2) die DGT-Chemical-Imaging-Funktion nutzen, um Carboxylat-Exsudations-Bildgebungs-Workflows mit mm- und sub-mm-Auflösung zu entwickeln, (3) die entwickelten DGT-Carboxylat-Probenahmemethoden hinsichtlich ihrer Möglichkeiten und Einschränkungen charakterisieren und (4) die DGT-Carboxylat-Probenahme anwenden, um die Rolle der Carboxylat-Exsudation bei der Phosphoraufnahmeeffizienz von Hartweizen-Genotypen über ihre Vegetationsperiode und mit hoher räumlicher Auflösung zu untersuchen. Ausgewählte Anionenaustauscherharze werden auf ihre Carboxylatbindungseigenschaften charakterisiert. Räumliche Carboxylatverteilungen werden durch Schneiden der DGT-Gele und durch hochauflösende Massenspektrometrie (LDI-FTICR-MS) visualisiert. Die Probenahmeeffizienz der neuen Methode wird unter Verwendung von Mikrodialyse (künstliche Wurzelsonden) in Kombination mit C-14-markierten Carboxylatverbindungen quantifiziert. Die numerische Simulation der Probenahme und der experimentelle Vergleich mit herkömmlichen Methoden werden die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der DGT-Carboxylat-Probenahme demonstrieren. Die neu entwickelte Probenahmetechnik wird die Probenahme von ganzen Wurzelsystemen und Wurzelsystemteilen, die Kartierung mit einer Auflösung im mm-Maßstab, die Abbildung von Exsudatgradienten im Mikrometer-Maßstab, und die wiederholte Probenahme über die gesamte Vegetationsperiode ermöglichen. Mit dieser neuartigen Methodik werden beispiellose Daten zu Carboxylat-Exsudationsmustern in Wurzelsystemen von Hartweizen gesammelt werden. Diese Methode wird eine wichtige technische Lücke schließen und zur Entwicklung/Auswahl von Kultursorten mit hoher Phosphoraufnahmeeffizienz beitragen.
Der neue biologische Prozess der Deammonifikation soll in seiner verfahrenstechnischen Umsetzung zur Reinigung hoch stickstoffbelasteter Abwässer mit niedrigem C:N-Verhältnis grundlegend untersucht werden. Durch die gezielte Kombination von aerober Nitritation und anaerober Ammoniumoxidation in einem Biofilm ist eine vollständige, rein autotrophe N-Elimination aus problematischen Abwässern in einem Verfahrensschritt möglich. An einer Versuchsanlage nach dem Moving-bed Verfahren sollen Einflussfaktoren definiert werden, die sich auf Entwicklung und Umsatzleistungen eines solchen Biofilms auswirken. Für eine genaue Charakterisierung der Prozesse innerhalb des Biofilms und des Zusammenhangs zwischen Biofilmstruktur und -funktion sollen neue in situ-Techniken mit erprobten Methoden verknüpft werden. Selektive Hemmstoffe und 15N-Tracer zur Bilanzierung der Umsetzungen, fluoreszente in situ-Hybridisierung (FISH) mit konfokaler Laser-Scanning-Mikroskopie (CLSM) zur Identifizierung und Lokalisierung der Organismen und konfokale Ramanmikroskopie zur nichtinvasiven Messung der Stickstoffprofile in verschiedenen Biofilmtiefen. Neben der Klärung des Zusammenwirkens verschiedener Organismengruppen können die Umsatzleistungen in Abhängigkeit praxisrelevanter Betriebsparameter beschrieben und Steuerungsmöglichkeiten für den Prozess abgeleitet werden.
This dataset contains experimental data from a one-month aquarium-based bleaching experiment conducted on Large Benthic Foraminifera (Amphistegina lobifera) from 16 November to 16 December 2022 at the Marine Experimental Facility of the Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Bremen, Germany. The aim of the experiment was to obtain symbiont-free A. lobifera individuals for future re-inoculation studies and symbiont switching experiments. The foraminifera were originally collected in May 2022 at the Interuniversity Institute for Marine Sciences (IUI) in Eilat, Israel (29°30'07.8N, 34°55'04.9E) and maintained in culture in Germany until the start of the experiment. To assess the effectiveness of two chemical agents—menthol and 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU)—in disrupting symbiosis, photosynthetic efficiency (measured as maximum quantum yield, Fv/Fm) was recorded every other day during the first week of the experiment using a Pulse-Amplitude-Modulated (PAM) fluorometer. Fv/Fm measurements were discontinued after the first week due to complete inhibition of photosynthesis. Symbiont coverage (%) was assessed on day one and then weekly until week four using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM).
This dataset contains geochemical variables measured in six depth profiles from ombrotrophic peatlands in North and Central Europe. Peat cores were taken during the spring and summer of 2022 from Amtsvenn (AV1), Germany; Drebbersches Moor (DM1), Germany; Fochteloër Veen (FV1), the Netherlands; Bagno Kusowo (KR1), Poland; Pichlmaier Moor (PI1), Austria and Pürgschachen Moor (PM1), Austria. The cores AV1, DM1 and KR1 were taken using a Wardenaar sampler (Royal Eijkelkamp, Giesbeek, the Netherlands) and had diameter of 10 cm. The cores FV1, PM1 and PI1 had an 8 cm diameter and were obtained using an Instorf sampler (Royal Eijkelkamp, Giesbeek, the Netherlands). The cores FV1, DM1 and KR1 were 100 cm, core AV1 was 95 cm, core PI1 was 85 cm and core PM1 was 200 cm. The cores were subsampeled in 1 cm (AV1, DM1, KR1, FV1) and 2 cm (PI1, PM1) sections. The subsamples were milled after freeze drying in a ballmill using tungen carbide accesoires. X-Ray Fluorescence (WD-XRF; ZSX Primus II, Rigaku, Tokyo, Japan) was used to determine Al (μg g-1), As (μg g-1), Ba (μg g-1), Br (μg g-1), Ca (g g-1), Cl (μg g-1), Cr (μg g-1), Cu (μg g-1), Fe (g g-1), K (g g-1), Mg (μg g-1), Mn (μg g-1), Na (μg g-1), P (μg g-1), Pb (μg g-1), Rb (μg g-1), S (μg g-1), Si (μg g-1), Sr (μg g-1), Ti (μg g-1) and Zn (μg g-1). These data were processed and calibrated using the iloekxrf package (Teickner & Knorr, 2024) in R. C, N and their stable isotopes were determined using an elemental analyser linked to an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (EA-3000, Eurovector, Pavia, Italy & Nu Horizon, Nu Instruments, Wrexham, UK). C and N were given in units g g-1 and stable isotopes were given as δ13C and δ15N for stable isotopes of C and N, respectively. Raw data C, N and stable isotope data were calibrated with certified standard and blank effects were corrected with the ilokeirms package (Teickner & Knorr, 2024). Using Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-MIR) (Agilent Cary 670 FTIR spectromter, Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, Ca, USA) humification indices (HI) were determined. Spectra were recorded from 600 cm-1 to 4000 cm-1 with a resolution of 2 cm-1 and baselines corrected with the ir package (Teickner, 2025) to estimate relative peack heights. The HI (no unit) for each sample was calculated by taking the ratio of intensities at 1630 cm-1 to the intensities at 1090 cm-1. Bulk densities (g cm-3) were estimated from FT-MIR data (Teickner et al., in preparation).
This dataset contains geochemical variables measured in six depth profiles from ombrotrophic peatlands in North and Central Europe. Peat cores were taken during the spring and summer of 2022 from Amtsvenn (AV1), Germany; Drebbersches Moor (DM1), Germany; Fochteloër Veen (FV1), the Netherlands; Bagno Kusowo (KR1), Poland; Pichlmaier Moor (PI1), Austria and Pürgschachen Moor (PM1), Austria. The cores AV1, DM1 and KR1 were taken using a Wardenaar sampler (Royal Eijkelkamp, Giesbeek, the Netherlands) and had diameter of 10 cm. The cores FV1, PM1 and PI1 had an 8 cm diameter and were obtained using an Instorf sampler (Royal Eijkelkamp, Giesbeek, the Netherlands). The cores FV1, DM1 and KR1 were 100 cm, core AV1 was 95 cm, core PI1 was 85 cm and core PM1 was 200 cm. The cores were subsampeled in 1 cm (AV1, DM1, KR1, FV1) and 2 cm (PI1, PM1) sections. The subsamples were milled after freeze drying in a ballmill using tungen carbide accesoires. X-Ray Fluorescence (WD-XRF; ZSX Primus II, Rigaku, Tokyo, Japan) was used to determine Al (μg g-1), As (μg g-1), Ba (μg g-1), Br (μg g-1), Ca (g g-1), Cl (μg g-1), Cr (μg g-1), Cu (μg g-1), Fe (g g-1), K (g g-1), Mg (μg g-1), Mn (μg g-1), Na (μg g-1), P (μg g-1), Pb (μg g-1), Rb (μg g-1), S (μg g-1), Si (μg g-1), Sr (μg g-1), Ti (μg g-1) and Zn (μg g-1). These data were processed and calibrated using the iloekxrf package (Teickner & Knorr, 2024) in R. C, N and their stable isotopes were determined using an elemental analyser linked to an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (EA-3000, Eurovector, Pavia, Italy & Nu Horizon, Nu Instruments, Wrexham, UK). C and N were given in units g g-1 and stable isotopes were given as δ13C and δ15N for stable isotopes of C and N, respectively. Raw data C, N and stable isotope data were calibrated with certified standard and blank effects were corrected with the ilokeirms package (Teickner & Knorr, 2024). Using Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-MIR) (Agilent Cary 670 FTIR spectromter, Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, Ca, USA) humification indices (HI) were determined. Spectra were recorded from 600 cm-1 to 4000 cm-1 with a resolution of 2 cm-1 and baselines corrected with the ir package (Teickner, 2025) to estimate relative peack heights. The HI (no unit) for each sample was calculated by taking the ratio of intensities at 1630 cm-1 to the intensities at 1090 cm-1. Bulk densities (g cm-3) were estimated from FT-MIR data (Teickner et al., in preparation).
This dataset contains geochemical variables measured in six depth profiles from ombrotrophic peatlands in North and Central Europe. Peat cores were taken during the spring and summer of 2022 from Amtsvenn (AV1), Germany; Drebbersches Moor (DM1), Germany; Fochteloër Veen (FV1), the Netherlands; Bagno Kusowo (KR1), Poland; Pichlmaier Moor (PI1), Austria and Pürgschachen Moor (PM1), Austria. The cores AV1, DM1 and KR1 were taken using a Wardenaar sampler (Royal Eijkelkamp, Giesbeek, the Netherlands) and had diameter of 10 cm. The cores FV1, PM1 and PI1 had an 8 cm diameter and were obtained using an Instorf sampler (Royal Eijkelkamp, Giesbeek, the Netherlands). The cores FV1, DM1 and KR1 were 100 cm, core AV1 was 95 cm, core PI1 was 85 cm and core PM1 was 200 cm. The cores were subsampeled in 1 cm (AV1, DM1, KR1, FV1) and 2 cm (PI1, PM1) sections. The subsamples were milled after freeze drying in a ballmill using tungen carbide accesoires. X-Ray Fluorescence (WD-XRF; ZSX Primus II, Rigaku, Tokyo, Japan) was used to determine Al (μg g-1), As (μg g-1), Ba (μg g-1), Br (μg g-1), Ca (g g-1), Cl (μg g-1), Cr (μg g-1), Cu (μg g-1), Fe (g g-1), K (g g-1), Mg (μg g-1), Mn (μg g-1), Na (μg g-1), P (μg g-1), Pb (μg g-1), Rb (μg g-1), S (μg g-1), Si (μg g-1), Sr (μg g-1), Ti (μg g-1) and Zn (μg g-1). These data were processed and calibrated using the iloekxrf package (Teickner & Knorr, 2024) in R. C, N and their stable isotopes were determined using an elemental analyser linked to an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (EA-3000, Eurovector, Pavia, Italy & Nu Horizon, Nu Instruments, Wrexham, UK). C and N were given in units g g-1 and stable isotopes were given as δ13C and δ15N for stable isotopes of C and N, respectively. Raw data C, N and stable isotope data were calibrated with certified standard and blank effects were corrected with the ilokeirms package (Teickner & Knorr, 2024). Using Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-MIR) (Agilent Cary 670 FTIR spectromter, Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, Ca, USA) humification indices (HI) were determined. Spectra were recorded from 600 cm-1 to 4000 cm-1 with a resolution of 2 cm-1 and baselines corrected with the ir package (Teickner, 2025) to estimate relative peack heights. The HI (no unit) for each sample was calculated by taking the ratio of intensities at 1630 cm-1 to the intensities at 1090 cm-1. Bulk densities (g cm-3) were estimated from FT-MIR data (Teickner et al., in preparation).
This dataset contains geochemical variables measured in six depth profiles from ombrotrophic peatlands in North and Central Europe. Peat cores were taken during the spring and summer of 2022 from Amtsvenn (AV1), Germany; Drebbersches Moor (DM1), Germany; Fochteloër Veen (FV1), the Netherlands; Bagno Kusowo (KR1), Poland; Pichlmaier Moor (PI1), Austria and Pürgschachen Moor (PM1), Austria. The cores AV1, DM1 and KR1 were taken using a Wardenaar sampler (Royal Eijkelkamp, Giesbeek, the Netherlands) and had diameter of 10 cm. The cores FV1, PM1 and PI1 had an 8 cm diameter and were obtained using an Instorf sampler (Royal Eijkelkamp, Giesbeek, the Netherlands). The cores FV1, DM1 and KR1 were 100 cm, core AV1 was 95 cm, core PI1 was 85 cm and core PM1 was 200 cm. The cores were subsampeled in 1 cm (AV1, DM1, KR1, FV1) and 2 cm (PI1, PM1) sections. The subsamples were milled after freeze drying in a ballmill using tungen carbide accesoires. X-Ray Fluorescence (WD-XRF; ZSX Primus II, Rigaku, Tokyo, Japan) was used to determine Al (μg g-1), As (μg g-1), Ba (μg g-1), Br (μg g-1), Ca (g g-1), Cl (μg g-1), Cr (μg g-1), Cu (μg g-1), Fe (g g-1), K (g g-1), Mg (μg g-1), Mn (μg g-1), Na (μg g-1), P (μg g-1), Pb (μg g-1), Rb (μg g-1), S (μg g-1), Si (μg g-1), Sr (μg g-1), Ti (μg g-1) and Zn (μg g-1). These data were processed and calibrated using the iloekxrf package (Teickner & Knorr, 2024) in R. C, N and their stable isotopes were determined using an elemental analyser linked to an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (EA-3000, Eurovector, Pavia, Italy & Nu Horizon, Nu Instruments, Wrexham, UK). C and N were given in units g g-1 and stable isotopes were given as δ13C and δ15N for stable isotopes of C and N, respectively. Raw data C, N and stable isotope data were calibrated with certified standard and blank effects were corrected with the ilokeirms package (Teickner & Knorr, 2024). Using Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-MIR) (Agilent Cary 670 FTIR spectromter, Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, Ca, USA) humification indices (HI) were determined. Spectra were recorded from 600 cm-1 to 4000 cm-1 with a resolution of 2 cm-1 and baselines corrected with the ir package (Teickner, 2025) to estimate relative peack heights. The HI (no unit) for each sample was calculated by taking the ratio of intensities at 1630 cm-1 to the intensities at 1090 cm-1. Bulk densities (g cm-3) were estimated from FT-MIR data (Teickner et al., in preparation).
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