In this dataset we provide data for 6 experimental models of caldera collapse and subsequent resurgence monitored through geophysical sensors (a force or “impact sensor”, Piezotronics PCB 104 200B02 and a Triaxial piezoelectric accelerometer, Model 356B18). The analogue modelling experiments were carried out at the TOOLab (Tectonic Modelling Laboratory), which is a joint laboratory between the Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse of the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Italy and the Department of Earth Sciences of the University of Florence.
The laboratory work that produced these data was partly supported by the European Plate Observing System (EPOS), by the Joint Research Unit (JRU) EPOS Italia and by the “Monitoring Earth's Evolution and Tectonics” (MEET) project (NextGenerationEU). Specifically, this work was performed in the frame of the DynamiCal project, funded by the 2° TNA-NOA call of the ILGE-MEET project.
This dataset provides data from 36 rapid decompression experiments performed in the Fragmentation Lab at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU, Munich, Germany) supporting the publication Schmid, M, Kueppers U, Cigala V, Sesterhenn J and Dingwell DB (202x) “Release characteristics of overpressurised gas from complex vents: implications for volcanic hazards”.
The experiments were aimed to constrain the influence of complex vent geometry on the instantaneous gas expansion in a shock-tube setup, mimicking impulsive volcanic explosions. They were performed at the following experimental conditions: 1) six vent geometries (conduit geometry always cylindrical), composed by 2 sets of inner geometry (cylindrical and 15° diverging) with inclined exit planes of 5, 15 or 30° slant angle, 2) constant temperature (25°C), 3) four starting overpressure scenarios (5, 8, 15, 25 MPa), and 4) two reservoir volumes (127.4 cm3, 31.9 cm3), achieved via variable conduit length, with Argon being used for the pressurization.
During the experiments the setup is incrementally pressurized. When the desired experimental pressure in the reservoir is reached, rapid decompression is triggered (Kueppers et al., 2006; Cigala et al., 2017), producing a starting jet of expanding gas. Expansion-induced cooling leads to condensation of the Argon jet, allowing for optical analysis of gas expansion dynamics using highspeed videos. Gas dynamics (jet spreading and jet inclination) were analysed and correlated to experimental variables.