This data set includes the results of digital image correlation analysis applied to nine experiments (Table 1) on magma-tectonic interaction performed at the Helmholtz Laboratory for Tectonic Modelling (HelTec) of the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam in the framework of EPOS transnational access activities in 2017. The models use silicone oil (PDMS G30M, Rudolf et al., 2016) and Quartz sand (G12, Rosenau et al., 2018) to simulate pre-, syn- and post-tectonic intrusion of granitic magma into upper crustal shear zones of simple shear and transtensional (15° obliquity) kinematics. Three reference experiments (simple shear, transtension, intrusion) are also reported.
Detailed descriptions of the experiments can be found in Michail et al. (submitted) to which this data set is supplement. The models have been monitored by means of digital image correlation (DIC) analysis including Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV; Adam et al., 2005) and Structure from Motion photogrammetry (SfM; Donnadieu et al., 2003; Westoby et al., 2012). DIC analysis yields quantitative model surface deformation information by means of 3D surface topography and displacements from which surface strain has been calculated. The data presented here are visualized as surface deformation maps and movies, as well as digital elevation and intrusion models. The results of a shape analysis of the model plutons is provided, too.
This dataset contains supplementary materials to the manuscripts “Interpreting inverse magnetic fabric in Miocene dikes from Eastern Iceland” by Trippanera et al., (submitted to JGR) and “Anatomy of an extinct magmatic system along a divergent plate boundary: Alftafjordur, Iceland” by Urbani et al. 2015. These works present an extensive multi-scale and multi-disciplinary study focused on the magnetic fabric of dikes belonging to the Alftafjordur volcanic system in Eastern Iceland. Eastern Iceland is one of the most suitable places to analyze the roots of the volcanic systems that are composed of central volcanoes and fissure swarms. We sampled 19 NNE-SSW oriented dikes (for a total of 383 samples) belonging to the exhumed fissure swarm portion of Alftafjordur volcanic system, aiming at understanding the direction of magma propagation in the swarm by using Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS) analysis. However, most of the samples (80% out of the measured cores) show an inverse geometric magnetic fabric (kmax is perpendicular to the dike margins and sub-horizontal)- therefore the study of the flow direction is complicated. Nevertheless, this result poses the problem of why the geometrically inverse fabric is present and widespread in the whole dike swarm. In order to understand the origin of this inverse fabric, besides standard AMS measurements, we also performed additional analysis such as different field and temperature AMS, Anisotropy of Anhystheretic Remanent Magnetization (AARM), Hysteresis loops and First-order reversal curves (FORC), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Optic microscope images analysis.
This dataset includes the following materials: • Location of the sampled sites (.kml) • AMS measurements at room temperature by using H=300 A/m for all samples (.ran) • AMS measurements at room temperature by using H=200 A/m and H=600 A/m for selected samples (.ran) • AMS measurements at different temperature (from 20 to 580 ℃) for selected samples (.ran) • AARM measurements for selected samples (.ran) • DayPlots data for selected samples (.xls or .csv) • SEM and Optical microscope images of thin sections of selected samples.
AMS and AARM data can be opened through Anisoft open-source software provided by Agico (Chadima and Jelinek, 2009; https://www.agico.com/text/software/anisoft/anisoft.php). Data have been acquired at: Roma Tre University (Rome, Italy), Istuto di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV, Rome, Italy) and Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, CEA, CNRS, UVSQ (Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France).
For the interpretation of the data refer to Urbani et al., 2015 and Trippanera et al., (submitted). The description of each dataset is provided in the description file.
This dataset is supplementary material to the article by Xu et al. (2016) ‘Graben formation and dike arrest during the 2009 Harrat Lunayyir dike intrusion in Saudi Arabia: Insights from InSAR, stress calculations and analog experiments’. The Authors described the spatial and temporal effects of a propagating dike on crustal deformation, including the interaction with faulting, using a multidisciplinary approach. This supplementary material concerns the analog modelling part only. For a detailed description of the experimental procedure, set-up and materials used, please refer to the article of Xu et al. (2016; paragraph 5).The data available in this supplementary publication are:- A folder (2019-003_Corbi-et-al_Fig6.zip) containing: 1. top-view pictures (e.g. ‘lunayyr1_0025.JPG’) and displacement data obtained with MatPiv (e.g. ‘uun25.mat’ and ‘uvn25.mat’; dike parallel and orthogonal components; respectively) shown in figure 6 of Xu et al 2016. 2. a Matlab script (‘fig6_a_h.m’) that allows reproducing the same figure setup as in figure 6 panels a-h of Xu et al 2016. The thick red line highlights dike position. The background shading refers to dike orthogonal displacement.- A folder (2019-003_Corbi-et-al_PIV_data.zip) containing: 1. surface deformation data obtained with MatPiv. Each file (‘vel_fine_piv#.mat’) contains 4 elements (x, y, u, v) representing the coordinates and horizontal and vertical component of incremental velocity field organized in a 143 x 215 matrix; 2. the run_movie.m Matlab script. Running it the user can visualize the space-time evolution of cumulative surface displacement. The background shading refers to dike orthogonal component of displacement. The thick red line highlights dike position.- A folder (2019-003_Corbi-et-al_pictures.zip) containing the whole set of pictures from the experiment shown in Xu et al., 2016.- A movie (2019-003_Corbi-et-al_graben formation.mp4) obtained using the whole set of pictures (96 photos). The thick red line highlights dike position. The amount of dike opening is reported as header.- A movie (2019-003_Corbi-et-al_cum_displacement.mp4) showing the space-time evolution of cumulative surface displacement, where the background shading refers to dike orthogonal component of displacement. The thick red line highlights dike position.
This data publication includes movies and figures of twenty-six analogue models which are used to investigate what controls sill emplacement, defining a hierarchy among a selection of the proposed factors: compressive stresses, interface strength between layers, rigidity contrast between layers, density layering, ratio of layer thickness, magma flow rate and driving buoyancy pressure (Sili et al., 2019).Crust layering is simulated by pig-skin gelatin layers and magma intrusions is simulated by colored water. The experimental set-up is composed of a 40.5 X 29 X 40 cm3 clear-Perspex tank where a mobile wall applies a deviatoric compressive stress (C, in Table 1) to the solid gelatin (Figure 1). In each experiment is imposed two layers with different density and rigidity, separated by a weak or strong interface, excluding two experiments characterized by homogeneous gelatin (experiment 4 and 12). Three different rigidity contrast (1, 1.3, 1.8) between the two layers are imposed, defined as the ratio between the Young’s moduli of the upper (Eu) and lower (El) layer. By using NaCl and gelatin concentration, two layers with same rigidity but different densities are obtained, investigating the influence of the density contrasts on sill emplacement. The effects of the ratio between layer thicknesses (i.e. the ratio between upper and lower layer thickness: Thu/Thl) was simulated by changing only the thickness of the upper layer; while magma flow rate are studied changing the flow rate of peristaltic pump.Water density was increased by adding NaCl to analyze the effect of changing driving buoyancy pressure (Pm) that depends on the density difference between host rock and magma (Δρ), gravitational acceleration (g) and intrusion length (H). In the table different colors indicate the experiment result: black = dike; red = sill and blue = sheet. The here provided material includes time-lapse movies showing intrusion propagation of the twenty-six models with a velocity of 5 times higher compared to the real time (1 second in the movie is 25 real seconds). These visualizations are side (XZ or YZ plane in Figure 1) and/or top views (XY plane in Figure 1).