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Operational Dataset: The Nam Co Drilling Project, Tibet (NamCore): A one-million-year sedimentary record from the Third Pole

The Nam Co Drilling Project (NamCore) aims to retrieve and interpret one of the longest sedimentary records of past climate and environmental changes from the Earth’s “third pole” - the Tibetan Plateau. As a result of vast glacial systems, permafrost, and large lakes, the Tibetan Plateau contributes to the “Asian Water Tower” and feeds river systems (e.g. Brahmaputra, Yangtze) that supply water to almost 2 billion people downstream. By recovering long, continuous sediment sequences from Nam Co, one of the largest and deepest lakes on the plateau, NamCore will help to elucidate how the Asian Monsoon system(s) and the Westerlies responded to changing climate boundary conditions in the past, thereby improving our understanding of future climate change scenarios with socio-economic relevance. Site survey seismic data indicate the presence of more than 700 m of well-layered, undisturbed sediments in the lake depocentre, confirming Nam Co as an ideal natural archive located near the northern boundary of the modern monsoon regime. Scientific drilling operations at Nam Co were carried out in June and July 2024 and, in total, the project drilled 1415.45 m, cored 1175.99 m of sediments and recovered 950.77 m of sediment cores, while reaching a maximum depth of 510.2 m below the lake floor. All datasets provided within the operational dataset (Adolph et al., 202x?) of the ICDP project NamCore (ICDP 5073) include metadata, data and/or images. This document summarizes the explanations of the tables, datasets and images exported from the project database (mDIS NamCore), supplemented by additional information derived from field and laboratory measurements conducted prior to the sampling parties. Furthermore, sampling data from the first three sampling parties are included, and basic definitions of identifiers used within ICDP are introduced.

Impakt Oligo-Miozäner Klimawechsel auf Mongolische Säuger

Oligozäne und Miozäne Sedimentfolgen aus der Taatsiin Gol und Taatsiin Tsagaan Nuur Region in der Zentral-Mongolei sind von außergewöhnlicher Bedeutung: hier liegen Basalte in Sedimenten der Hsanda Gol- und Loh Formation eingebettet, und die höchsten Fossilkonzentrationen finden sich zusammen mit Caliche und Paläoböden. Im Rahmen von Vorläuferprojekten wurde ein Stratigraphie-Konzept erarbeitet, das auf der Evolution von Säugetieren und auf radiometrischen Basalt-Altern beruht. 40Ar / 39Ar-Datierungen ergaben drei Altersgruppen von Basalten, eine Basalt I-Gruppe aus dem Früh-Oligozän (vor etwa 31.5 Millionen Jahren), eine Basalt II-Gruppe aus dem Spät-Oligozän (vor etwa 28 Millionen Jahren) und eine Basalt III-Gruppe aus dem Mittel-Miozän (vor etwa 13 Millionen Jahren). Das Taatsiin Gol-und Taatsiin Tsagaan Nuur Gebiet ist heute Schlüsselregion für die Oligozän-Miozän Stratigraphie der Mongolei und ist Bezugspunkt für internationale Korrelationen. Im neuen Projekt werden Klimaveränderungen im Oligozän und Miozän der Mongolei und ihre Auswirkungen auf Säugetiergemeinschaften und Lebensräume untersucht. Um diese Ziele zu erreichen müssen zahlreiche stratifizierte Caliche Lagen und Paläoböden beprobt und analysiert werden. Wir erwarten uns von Bodenanalysen und von der Interpretation der Signaturen stabiler Isotopen (?18O, ?13C) Hinweise auf Veränderungen von Paläoklima und Lebensräumen im Untersuchungsgebiet. Die stratifizierten und datierten Säugetierfaunen bestehen aus Amphibien, Reptilien und Säugetieren, wobei Hasenartige, Insektenfresser, Nagetiere und Wiederkäuer vorherrschen. Dieser reiche Fossil-Fundus bietet die Möglichkeit zur Analyse von einstigen Wirbeltier-Gemeinschaften, zu entwicklungsgeschichtlichen Studien und palökologischen Interpretationen. Besonderes Interesse gilt der Entwicklung und Funktion von Gebissstrukturen bei kleinen und großen Pflanzen fressenden Säugetieren. Hier kommen Methoden zur Anwendung (Microwear- und Mesowear-Analysen, Zahnschmelzuntersuchungen, Mikro-CT und 3D-Modellierung), die Rückschlüsse auf das Nahrungsspektrum und auf markante Veränderungen von Lebensräumen in dem untersuchten Zeitabschnitt von mehr als 20 Millionen Jahren erlauben. Die Feldarbeit in der Mongolei und die anschließenden wissenschaftlichen Studien werden in nationaler und internationaler Zusammenarbeit durchgeführt. Von diesen Synergien werden die Mongolischen und Österreichischen Forschungseinrichtungen und alle mitwirkenden Personen stark profitieren.

Collaborative Research Centre 806 Database

The CRC806-Database platform is the Research Data Management infrastructure of the SFB / CRC 806. The infrastructure is implemented using Open Source software, and implements Open Science, Open Access and Open Data principles. The Collaborative Research Centre (CRC; ‘Sonderforschungsbereich’ or SFB) is designed to capture the complex nature of chronology, regional structure, climatic, environmental and socio-cultural contexts of major intercontinental and transcontinental events of dispersal of Modern Man from Africa to Western Eurasia, and particularly to Europe (Cited from introductory text on: www.sfb806.de).

Radiocarbon (14C) age determination on sediment core Ladstatt-Mire, Northern Central Alps (Kleinwalser Valley/Kleinwalsertal, Austria)

The presented data consists of radiocarbon ages for a mire (Ladstatt) of the Kleinwalser Valley (Kleinwalsertal), Austria, in the the calcareous Northern Central Alps. The records cover approximately 6200 years and were analysed to reconstruct past mire development, landscape change, human land use, disturbance and pollution and to detect prehistoric metallurgy.

Radiocarbon (14C) age determination on sediment core Hoefle-Mire, Northern Central Alps (Kleinwalser Valley/Kleinwalsertal, Austria)

The presented data consists of radiocarbon ages for a mire (Hoefle Mire) of the Kleinwalser Valley (Kleinwalsertal), Austria, in the the calcareous Northern Central Alps. The records cover approximately 6200 years and were analysed to reconstruct past mire development, landscape change, human land use, disturbance and pollution and to detect prehistoric metallurgy.

Pollen counts of sediment core Hoefle-Mire, Northern Central Alps (Kleinwalser Valley/Kleinwalsertal, Austria)

The presented data consists of low resolution pollen data for a mire (Hoefle Mire) of the Kleinwalser Valley (Kleinwalsertal), Austria, in the the calcareous Northern Central Alps. The records cover approximately 6200 years and were analysed to reconstruct past mire development, landscape change, human land use, disturbance and pollution and to detect prehistoric metallurgy.

Holocene geochemical data from sediment core Hoefle-Mire, Northern Central Alps (Kleinwalser Valley/Kleinwalsertal, Austria)

The presented data consists of high resolution dry bulk density, accumulation rates and geochemical data (Ca, Pb and Ti) for a mire (Hoefle Mire) of the Kleinwalser Valley (Kleinwalsertal), Austria, in the the calcareous Northern Central Alps. The records cover approximately 6200 years and were analysed to reconstruct past mire development, landscape change, human land use, disturbance and pollution and to detect prehistoric metallurgy.

Holocene geochemical data from sediment core Ladstatt-Mire of the Northern Central Alps (Kleinwalser Valley/Kleinwalsertal, Austria)

The presented data consists of high resolution dry bulk density, accumulation rates and geochemical data (Ti) for a mire (Ladstatt Mire) of the Kleinwalser Valley (Kleinwalsertal), Austria, in the the calcareous Northern Central Alps. The records cover approximately 6200 years and were analysed to reconstruct past mire development, landscape change, human land use, disturbance and pollution and to detect prehistoric metallurgy.

PALEOENVI: The late Quaternary palaeoenvironment of the Pannonian Basin (SE Europe)

PAGES International Project Office

The PAGES (Past Global Changes) project is an international organization that supports Earth system science. Specifically, PAGES facilitates and promotes science that is based on evidence from climatic and environmental changes in the Earth's past and draws conclusions that are relevant for understanding ongoing variability and projecting future change. The 'paleoscience' forms the base of much of our knowledge on the mechanisms of climatic and environmental change, and the subsequent response of ecosystems and societies. This knowledge forms the foundation of future predictions, and hence for informed mitigation efforts and management (adaptation) strategies. PAGES seeks to facilitate interdisciplinary and international cooperation in research and to involve scientists from developing countries in the worldwide paleo-community. Our main areas of focus include integrating international paleoscience, encouraging research partnerships, strengthening the involvement of scientists from developing countries, supporting educational programs, engaging with the climate modeling community, and facilitating public access to paleo-data.

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