The autonomous surface vehicle HALOBATES collected key climate variables, including sea surface temperature (SST) and salinity (SSS), during the RV Heincke cruise HE626 in the German Bight. HALOBATES recorded SST and SSS at seven different depths with a high vertical resolution of approximately 10 cm, ranging from the near-surface layer (NSL) (between 30 and 100 cm) to the sea-surface microlayer (SML) (uppermost millimeter). Temperature and conductivity (used for salinity calculation) were measured using conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD) sensors connected to a flow-through system on HALOBATES. Additional temperature sensors were placed beneath the catamaran to capture in-situ temperature at six depths within the NSL. Salinity measurements were adjusted using discrete water samples to correct for any sensor biases. During the operation, two data loggers equipped with meteorological stations on the catamaran monitored essential weather conditions. HALOBATES was in operation from July 21, 2023, to August 8, 2023.
The autonomous surface vehicle HALOBATES measured Essential Climate Variables (ECV), such as sea surface temperature (SST) and salinity (SSS), during the RV Heincke cruise HE614 in the German Bight. HALOBATES captured the SST and SSS at seven depths with a high vertical resolution of about 10 cm, from the near-surface layer (NSL) (between 30 and 100 cm) and the sea surface microlayer (SML) (upper millimeter). Conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD) sensors measured temperature and conductivity (for salinity calculation) via a flow-through system on HALOBATES. Additional temperature sensors were mounted underneath the catamaran to measure in-situ temperature in situ at six depths in the NSL. Salinity was corrected with discrete water samples to remove biases between the sensors. Two data loggers with several meteorological stations on the catamaran captured important weather variables during operation time. The surfactant concentration was measured from discrete samples of SML and 100 cm depth. HALOBATES was operated between 01 March 2023 and 22 March 2023.
The autonomous surface vehicle HALOBATES measured Essential Climate Variables (ECV), such as sea surface temperature (SST) and salinity (SSS), during the RV Heincke cruise HE614 in the harbor of Bremerhaven. HALOBATES captured the SST and SSS at six depths with a high vertical resolution of about 10 cm, from the near-surface layer (NSL) (between 30 and 100 cm) and the sea surface microlayer (SML) (upper millimeter). Conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD) sensors measured temperature and conductivity (for salinity calculation) via a flow-through system on HALOBATES. Additional temperature sensors were mounted underneath the catamaran to measure in-situ temperature at six depths in the NSL. Salinity was corrected with discrete water samples to remove biases between the sensors. Two data loggers with several meteorological stations on the catamaran captured important weather variables during operation time. HALOBATES was operated on 14 and 15 March 2023.