Net radiation (Rn) is a fundamental driver of land-surface processes, yet existing datasets often fail to provide the high spatial resolution required for soil–plant–atmosphere interaction studies. This study introduces a daily 1-arcminute (~1.82 km at Equator) net shortwave (SSNR) and Rn product for Europe, covering the period 2001 to 2020. The primary contribution of this dataset is the provision of a long-term, kilometer-scale, observation-based radiation forcings comparable to existing reanalysis products. The dataset is constructed by integrating station-based shortwave radiation from EMO-1, satellite-derived longwave fluxes from the ELITE product, and a physically based estimation of blue-sky albedo derived from GLASS and BESS data. Validation against eddy covariance observations demonstrates that the SSNR component outperforms the coarser ERA5-Land reanalysis in 84 out of 110 analyzed sites. However, the total net radiation product exhibits higher uncertainties especially in high-latitude sites, driven by challenges in satellite-based radiation estimation. Despite these limitations, the dataset aligns seamlessly with the EMO-1 meteorological grid, offering a valuable high-resolution forcing dataset for ecosystem–atmosphere interaction studies across European climates.
For further questions about the data product and the term of use, please contact one of the co-authors: Karan Mahajan (karan.mahajan@ufz.de), Ye Tuo (ye.tuo@tum.de), or Jian Peng (jian.peng@ufz.de)