Öffentliche Vorhaben unterliegen in der Regel einer Bedarfsprüfung, die bei großen Infrastrukturvorhaben häufig als ein erster Planungsschritt innerhalb eines gestuften Planungsprozesses ausgestaltet ist. Private Vorhaben unterliegen nur unter besonderen Voraussetzungen entsprechenden Bedarfsprüfungen. Bedarfsprüfungen haben den Zweck, sich Klarheit darüber zu verschaffen, ob ein Vorhaben gemäß der Zielsetzung des jeweiligen Fachgesetzes, das die Bedarfsprüfung vorschreibt, angesichts der Auswirkungen auf Rechte Dritte, die Umwelt und die öffentlichen Haushalte benötigt wird. Die Entscheidung über ein "Brauchen wir das?" ist somit die Voraussetzung, um in die weitere Planung eintreten zu können. Das Forschungsvorhaben untersucht die gesetzliche Ausgestaltung der Bedarfsprüfung bzw. Bedarfsplanung im Bereich öffentlicher Vorhaben, bezieht aber auch ausgewählte private Vorhaben ein. Die Untersuchung dient insbesondere der Beantwortung der Fragen, ob der Umweltschutz im Vorgang der Bedarfsprüfung/Bedarfsplanung ausreichend verankert ist, wie eine Bedarfsplanung aussehen müsste, um den Umweltschutz schon in ihrem Rahmen zu stärken, und was gegebenenfalls rechtspolitisch getan werden könnte, um die Erkenntnisse umzusetzen. Quelle: Forschungsbericht
Öffentliche Vorhaben unterliegen in der Regel einer Bedarfsprüfung, die bei großen Infrastrukturvorhaben häufig als ein erster Planungsschritt innerhalb eines gestuften Planungsprozesses ausgestaltet ist. Private Vorhaben unterliegen nur unter besonderen Voraussetzungen entsprechenden Bedarfsprüfungen. Bedarfsprüfungen haben den Zweck, sich Klarheit darüber zu verschaffen, ob ein Vorhaben gemäß der Zielsetzung des jeweiligen Fachgesetzes, das die Bedarfsprüfung vorschreibt, angesichts der Auswirkungen auf Rechte Dritte, die Umwelt und die öffentlichen Haushalte benötigt wird. Die Entscheidung über ein "Brauchen wir das?" ist somit die Voraussetzung, um in die weitere Planung eintreten zu können. Das Forschungsvorhaben untersucht die gesetzliche Ausgestaltung der Bedarfsprüfung bzw. Bedarfsplanung im Bereich öffentlicher Vorhaben, bezieht aber auch ausgewählte private Vorhaben ein. Die Untersuchung dient insbesondere der Beantwortung der Fragen, ob der Umweltschutz im Vorgang der Bedarfsprüfung/Bedarfsplanung ausreichend verankert ist, wie eine Bedarfsplanung aussehen müsste, um den Umweltschutz schon in ihrem Rahmen zu stärken, und was gegebenenfalls rechtspolitisch getan werden könnte, um die Erkenntnisse umzusetzen. Quelle: Forschungsbericht
In diesem Heft sind die wichtigsten Aspekte zu oberflächennahen Rohstoffen zusammengestellt: - Fördermengen, Arbeitsplätze, wirtschaftliche Bedeutung - Verteilung der Vorkommen im Land - Standortgebundenheit - Raumnutzungskonflikte - Transportkostenempfindlichkeit - Marine Lagerstätten - Zuständigkeiten in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Bergrecht - Gesetzlicher Auftrag der Raumordnung und Landesplanung - Planerische Umsetzung - Ausgleich der Nutzungskonflikte - Bedarfsprognose - Reichweite der in der Regionalen Raumordnungsprogrammen sichergestellten Flächen - Rekultivierung - Wiedernutzbarmachung
Das Projekt "E 2.2: Contributions of expanded raw material availability and waste utilization to sustainable fruit processing in the tropics and subtropics" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Hohenheim, Institut für Lebensmittelwissenschaft und Biotechnologie, Fachgebiet Lebensmittel pflanzlicher Herkunft (150d) durchgeführt. Since the beginning of the Uplands Program in 2000, subproject E2 has been aimed at adjusted strategies for the utilization of mangoes, lychees and longans. The whole processing chain from fruit production through fruit processing to marketing has been studied in an interdisciplinary approach together with subprojects D1.1 (Fruit production) and E3.1 (Market potential) in Thailand. Various levels, such as raw material quality as well as technological and economic evaluation of fruit processing, have been investigated. In fruit processing, technological focus has been on fluid mango products. Continuation of E2 in phase 2 of the Uplands Program aims at sustainable food processing on two levels. Regarding quality profiles of raw fruits for fresh marketing or processing, quality and food safety aspects of fruits produced out of season is in the center of attention, since increased capacity utilization is expected due to increase or extension of harvesting periods per year, which should be based on ecologically compatible fruit production. Continuing research on mango processing, material circulation in food processing is intended by utilization of waste from fruit processing to recover by-products, especially pectins as gelling and stabilizing agents or bioactive fiber, prior to the use of residual waste as feed, thus reducing disposal problems and increasing added value by processing of the whole raw material into high-value main and by-products. Investigating the long-term effects of present and new off-season fruit production techniques applied by D1.1-2 (Alternate bearing) on fruit yield and quality in terms of appearance, basic components such as soluble solids, titratable acidity, vitamins and selected secondary plant metabolites (polyphenols), E2.2 is involved in the interdisciplinary research on the potential of off-season fruit production. Present public discussion on food safety, which is caused by increasing export problems due to exessive use of agrochemicals in Thailand, requires to test the effect of long-term application of paclobutrazol (PBZ) and KClO3. Both agrochemicals are presently used in root treatment of mango and longan trees, respectively, to induce flowering and off-season fruit production. Quantitative residue analyses in fruits will be performed by E2.2 applying GC-MS and HPLC. Conflicting reports on PBZ mobility in the plant support the need to prove the absence of non-tolerable PBZ residues in off-season mango fruits, thus strengthening the objective of D1.2 (Alternate bearing) in replacement of PBZ. Together with B2.2 (Agrochemical transport), residue analysis in the soil will be performed for the highly persistent triazolic plant growth regulator PBZ to monitor the impact of long-term application of PBZ on environmental risks in present off-season fruit production techniques over the period of phase 2. (abridged text)
Das Projekt "Prevention of selected diseases and parasites in organic pig herds - by means of a HACCP based management and surveillance programme" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Kassel, FB 11 - Ökologische Agrarwissenschaften, Fachgebiet Tierernährung und Tiergesundheit durchgeführt. The health of the pigs varies a lot between different organic pig herds. This is likely to be caused by the different management routines implemented in the herd. Since the use of antibiotics and antiparasitic drugs is undesirable in organic pig production, the main focus is on prevention of diseases and parasites. It is therefore important to acquire knowledge of the correlation between management routines and disease occurrence in organic pig production and convert this knowledge into a management tool that the individual farmer can use to improve livestock health on farm. The overall objective of the project is to promote animal health and welfare in organic pig herds in Europe. This will be achieved by carrying out the following three components: - To conduct an international knowledge synthesis for establishing future needs for research into disease and parasite prevention in organic pig production - To estimate risk factors for selected diseases and parasites in pigs in European organic herds - To develop and evaluate a management and surveillance system for organic pig herds based on a so-called HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points) concept.
Das Projekt "DataCube Service for Copernicus (DCS4COP)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Brockmann Consult GmbH durchgeführt. Copernicus has boosted the availability of Earth Observation data both in terms of quality as well as quantity. This has, on the one hand, unleashed new opportunities for intermediate business users (IBUs), who provide services to an inherently diverse group of end users. On the other hand, however, the handling of big data volumes, the integration of data streams from different sources, and the generation of high-quality information from the novel sensors of the Sentinels pose significant technical and scientific challenges to many IBUs. The lacking expert skills often hinder the user uptake of Copernicus products and services and eventually impede economic growth of the sector. The DataCube Service for Copernicus project (DCS4COP) addresses these obstacles by implementing the Copernicus Water DataCube Service (CoWaDaCS) - the first instance of a new service model, integrating Sentinel data, Copernicus Service data and user supplied data in a DataCube system. The offered service comprises Processing as a Service (PaaS), Software as a Service (SaaS), consultancy and training. It is targeting the value-adding Earth Observation industry and public organisations at highly competitive costs and with user-friendly interfaces, which can be tailored to specific needs. Capitalising on the scientific achievements of the recent FP-7 funded HIGHROC research project and operated by experienced service providing institutions, CoWaDaCS will demonstrate the value of satellite Earth Observation data for the market segment of coastal and inland water services. Currently this market is largely underexploited due to market blockages and offers a large growth potential. The combination of access to high quality data, wide selection of thematic data layers, state-of-the-art tools and unrivalled expertise in the domain and exploiting cutting edge IT solutions, will allow IBUs to concentrate on their value-adding downstream business and turn CoWaDaCS into a sustainable service.
Das Projekt "The European aeroemissions network (AERONET)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., Institut für Antriebstechnik durchgeführt. One of the major problems that civil aeronautics will have to face over the next twenty or thirty years is to accommodate the predicted growth in demand of air transport without creating unacceptable adverse environmental effects. It is to be expected that new scientific results, increasing public concerns over the environment and future restrictive regulations with respect to aircraft emissions will force airline companies to take ecological considerations much more into account than it does at present. Consequently, for European aircraft manufacturers it is of high importance to react early and to guide their research and development resources into the most important and efficient direction. The aim of the AERONET project is to support coordination ' a postiori' of existing European and national projects or programmes dealing with the contribution of air traffic emissions to anthropogenic climate and atmospheric changes. For this purpose AERONET seeks to : - bring together experts from engine technology, atmospheric research and operations as well as programme responsible to exchange knowledge and opinions and to discuss necessary future actions on the basis of jointly defined goals and time scales, - produce competitive advantage for Europe through enhanced information echoing in the field of atmospheric effects of air traffic emissions, - strengthen a common European position in global technical and political discussions - support the Commission in identifying topics for the 5th Framework Programme, - identify gaps and help prepare a coordinated submission of proposals. European Dimension and Partnership: Europe is, beside the US, one of the two biggest aircraft manufacturers. One supposition for the economic success of European aircraft industry is not only to fulfill the existing regulations but, due to the long development times of 5-10 years and the long lifetimes of aircraft of more than 20 years, also to take the trend of future regulations development into account at a very early stage. This needs continuous and fast information exchange and discussions between atmospheric scientists, aircraft engineers and regulatory organisations. To be successful with an effort of this dimension, optimal coordination of national and European programmes in all three fields is required. Thus the network brings together representatives of all programmes and institutions concerned, helps to integrate activities through better information exchange, tries to identify the most urgent themes for R&D activities and intends to give recommendations for the Fifth Framework Programme. Potential Applications: Understanding the atmospheric impacts, the technical consequences and development perspectives, and the operational impacts as a whole is absolutely necessary to strengthen the European position in global regulatory committees on the on side and to gain competitive advantages for the European aircraft and airline industries on the other side. usw
Das Projekt "Novel innovative competitive effective tilt rotor integrated project (NICE-TRIP)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von VERTAIR durchgeführt. Objective: This proposal has been prepared in the framework of a research and development roadmap defined by the European rotorcraft community that aims to develop a civil tilt-rotor aircraft. A key target of the road map is a flying demonstrator in the 2010 decade. NICETRIP specifically addresses the acquisition of new knowledge and technology validation concerning tilt-rotor. The main project objectives are: - To validate the European civil tilt-rotor concept based on the ERICA architecture; - To validate critical technologies and systems through the development, integration and testing of components of a tilt-rotor aircraft on full-scale dedicated rigs; - To acquire new knowledge on tilt-rotor through the development and testing of several wind tunnel models, including a large-scale full-span powered model; - To investigate and evaluate the introduction of tilt-rotors in the European Air Traffic Management System; - To assess the sustainability of the tilt-rotor product with respect to social and environmental issue s and to define the path towards a future tilt-rotor flying demonstrator. Project NICETRIP is fully relevant to the strategic objective 1.3.2.1: - Integration of technologies towards the future tilt-rotor aircraft, of the work programme of call 3 of the Thematic Priority Aeronautics and Space. The organisation and resources proposed to achieve the project objectives include a 54-month work plan made of 7 work packages and a consortium of 31 participants, fully representing the span of needed capabilities.
Das Projekt "Flood risk in a changing climate (CEDIM)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung, Department Troposphärenforschung durchgeführt. Aims: Floods in small and medium-sized river catchments have often been a focus of attention in the past. In contrast to large rivers like the Rhine, the Elbe or the Danube, discharge can increase very rapidly in such catchments; we are thus confronted with a high damage potential combined with almost no time for advance warning. Since the heavy precipitation events causing such floods are often spatially very limited, they are difficult to forecast; long-term provision is therefore an important task, which makes it necessary to identify vulnerable regions and to develop prevention measures. For that purpose, one needs to know how the frequency and the intensity of floods will develop in the future, especially in the near future, i.e. the next few decades. Besides providing such prognoses, an important goal of this project was also to quantify their uncertainty. Method: These questions were studied by a team of meteorologists and hydrologists from KIT and GFZ. They simulated the natural chain 'large-scale weather - regional precipitation - catchment discharge' by a model chain 'global climate model (GCM) - regional climate model (RCM) - hydrological model (HM)'. As a novel feature, we performed so-called ensemble simulations in order to estimate the range of possible results, i.e. the uncertainty: we used two GCMs with different realizations, two RCMs and three HMs. The ensemble method, which is quite standard in physics, engineering and recently also in weather forecasting has hitherto rarely been used in regional climate modeling due to the very high computational demands. In our study, the demand was even higher due to the high spatial resolution (7 km by 7 km) we used; presently, regional studies use considerably larger grid boxes of about 100 km2. However, our study shows that a high resolution is necessary for a realistic simulation of the small-scale rainfall patterns and intensities. This combination of high resolution and an ensemble using results from global, regional and hydrological models is unique. Results: By way of example, we considered the low-mountain range rivers Mulde and Ruhr and the more alpine Ammer river in this study, all of which had severe flood events in the past. Our study confirms that heavy precipitation events will occur more frequently in the future. Does this also entail an increased flood risk? Our results indicate that in any case, the risk will not decrease. However, each catchment reacts differently, and different models may produce different precipitation and runoff regimes, emphasizing the need of ensemble studies. A statistically significant increase of floods is expected for the river Ruhr in winter and in summer. For the river Mulde, we observe a slight increase of floods during summer and autumn, and for the river Ammer a slight decrease in summer and a slight increase in winter.
Das Projekt "F 2.2: Risk management of farm households in Northern Vietnam" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Hohenheim, Institut für Agrar- und Sozialökonomie in den Tropen und Subtropen durchgeführt. Sub-project F2 Rural financial services and sustainable rural development in Northern Vietnam assessed in the 1st phase (July 2000 - June 2003) of the Uplands Program (SFB 564) the conditions of effective financial market functioning in rural Vietnam serving rural economic development with particular emphasis on sustainable agricultural production systems. The sub-project F2-1 analysed the factors that determine access to financial services, particularly credit and savings services, by farm households. The main results of the 1st phase of F2 were threefold. First, the so-called Conjoint Analysis showed that poor rural households are capable and willing to save. Second, the study of the secondary and primary data (118 households in Bac Kan province and 142 households in Son La province) indicated that the two state-owned rural development banks, the Vietnam Bank for the Poor (VBP) and the Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (VBARD) together have already an enormous outreach as it concerns the supply of microcredit. The two banks reach 58Prozent of all rural households in Vietnam. Nevertheless, the microcredit is heavily restricted to specific uses, among the uses being the purchase of livestock, one of the most popular presently. Third, participatory workshops with the farm households revealed that the debtors perceive their livelihood as severely threatened by the risk of failing debt-financed investments and other individual risks. As a consequence to the manifold risks that a rural household is exposed to, the households have adopted risk coping strategies to smooth consumption, nevertheless, adaptive strategies to stabilize income are lacking. This can result in coping strategies focusing on the exploitation of natural resources and human capital resulting in unsustainable livelihoods. Based on these results, the consequent conclusion is that more research is needed regarding the third corner-stone of rural finance in developing countries, which is microinsurance. Acquiring microinsurance counts to the adaptive strategies of vulnerable households. In phase 2 (July 2003 - June 2006) of the Uplands Program, sub-project F2 will therefore concentrate its research on livelihood clusters of vulnerable rural households, and their adaptive and coping strategies regarding risks. While adaptive strategies are ex-ante strategies and aim at secure income even in times of crises, coping strategies are a reaction to acute risks and are employed ex-post. Informal social networks and semi-formal microinsurance schemes count to the former strategies and either keep vulnerability levels constant or even reduce them. The latter strategies try to smooth consumption, nevertheless, often at the expense of the future livelihood, thereby increasing vulnerability. (abridged text)
| Origin | Count |
|---|---|
| Bund | 736 |
| Land | 1 |
| Type | Count |
|---|---|
| Förderprogramm | 733 |
| unbekannt | 3 |
| License | Count |
|---|---|
| geschlossen | 2 |
| offen | 733 |
| unbekannt | 1 |
| Language | Count |
|---|---|
| Deutsch | 736 |
| Englisch | 599 |
| Resource type | Count |
|---|---|
| Keine | 539 |
| Webseite | 197 |
| Topic | Count |
|---|---|
| Boden | 637 |
| Lebewesen & Lebensräume | 697 |
| Luft | 548 |
| Mensch & Umwelt | 736 |
| Wasser | 533 |
| Weitere | 736 |