API src

Found 10 results.

Other language confidence: 0.99364884091343

Data collection on fractures, sinkholes and morphology of Mount Thorbjörn during the 2023-2024 volcanic unrest, Iceland

This dataset documents surface deformation and fracture evolution on Mount Thorbjörn during the 2023 - 2024 volcano-tectonic unrest in the Svartsengi volcanic system on the Reykjanes Peninsula (SW Iceland). The data consist of four cm-resolution orthophotos and digital elevation models (DEMs) derived from four drone photogrammetric surveys conducted on 23 July 2022, 18 November 2023, 25 April 2024 and 20 August 2024. The drone images were processed using Agisoft Metashape software to generate products for structural mapping and temporal comparison. The drone data evidences fracture reactivation processes and associated new surface fractures and sinkholes. The dataset includes maps of these structures, carried out using QGIS, and describes their temporal evolution. A full description of the data can be found in the file description.

Results of serpentinization and associated natural H2 potential analysis in rift-inversion orogen systems using a numerical geodynamic modelling approach

This data set includes videos depicting the evolution of nine numerical tectonic models simulating rift-inversion orogens. For these models we apply the 2D thermo-mechanical geodynamic code ASPECT, coupled with FastScape for the inclusion of surface processes. Using the results from these models, we examine mantle serpentinization in rift-inversion orogens, and their associated natural hydrogen gas (H2) potential. Detailed descriptions of the model set-up and results can be found in Zwaan et al. (2025) in Science Advances.

A database of analogue models documenting fault reactivation during multiphase extension.

In this dataset we provide top-view photos and perspective photos (to create topographic data, i.e. Digital Elevation Models, DEMs) documenting analogue model deformation. For more details on modelling setup, experimental series Wang et al. (2021), to which this dataset is supplementary material. For details on analogue materials refer to Del Ventisette et al., 2019, Maestrelli et al. (2020). The analogue modelling experiments were carried out at the TOOLab (Tectonic Modelling Laboratory) of the Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources of the National Research Council of Italy, Italy, and the Department of Earth Sciences of the University of Florence. The laboratory work that produced these data was supported by the European Plate Observing System (EPOS) and by the Joint Research Unit (JRU) EPOS Italia. Additional analysis, following the original work, was supported by the “Monitoring Earth’s Evolution and Tectonics” (MEET) project

Mantle heterogeneity generated by melt depletion and melt-rock interaction: the West Iberian margin peridotites (ODP Leg 149 and 173)

This database contains mineral major and trace element compositions of mantle peridodites recovered at the West Iberian margin during ODP Leg 149 and 173 (Whitmarsh et al., 1996, 1998). The West Iberian margin (WIM) represents the continental rifted margin marking the western edge of the Iberian Peninsula, being presently regarded as the most iconic example of a magma-poor passive margin. From north to south, the margin can be divided into three main segments (Fig. 1): (i) the Galicia margin; (ii) the South Iberia Abyssal Plain and (iii) the Tagus Abyssal Plain. This segmentation resulted from rifting and continental breakup between the North American and European/Iberian plates during Early Cretaceous time (Whitmarsh & Wallace, 2001 and references therein). The samples of this dataset come from the Iberia Abyssal Plain (IAP) and more specifically from ODP Holes 899B, 1068A and 1070A and were analysed with EPMA and LA-ICP-MS analyses at the University of Milan (Italy) and Géosciences Montpellier (France).

Time-lapse imagery, digital image correlation (DIC) and topographic analysis of laboratory experiments simulating the evolution of the East African Rift System

This data set includes overviews and videos depicting the surface evolution (time-lapse photographs, topography data and digital image correlation [DIC] analysis) of 6 analogue models simulating rotational rift tectonics. In these experiments we examined the links between rotational rifting and different distributions of lithospheric weaknesses, and the evolution of the East African Rift System. All experiments were performed at the Tectonic Modelling Laboratory of the University of Bern (UB). Detailed descriptions of the model set-up and results, as well as the monitoring techniques can be found in Zwaan et al. (2023).

A novel method for analogue modelling of lithospheric-scale rifting, monitored through X-Ray CT-scanning, at the University of Bern Tectonic Modelling Laboratory (Switzerland)

This data set is a description of a novel analogue modelling method used to run lithospheric-scale tectonic models, and to uniquely monitor these models through X-Ray CT-scanning techniques at the Tectonic Modelling Lab of the University of Bern (Switzerland). It includes information on the model set-up and model materials, and includes a step-by-step description of the general modelling procedure. A first application of this novel procedure, for the simulation of lithospheric scale rifting processes can be found in Zwaan & Schreurs (2023a) in Tectonics, with supplementary data publicly available via GFZ Data Services (Zwaan & Schreurs 2023b). The results of this work prove the feasibility of the method, and opens the door to a broad variety of new tectonic modelling studies.

Digital image correlation (DIC) and X-Ray CT analyses of lithospheric-scale analogue models of continental rifting

This data set includes videos depicting the surface evolution (time-lapse photography, digital image correlation [DIC] analysis, and topography analysis), and internal evolution (X-ray CT-imagery and DIC analysis) of four laboratory experiments (analogue models) simulating lithospheric-scale rifting. All experiments were performed at the Tectonic Modelling Laboratory of the University of Bern (UB). Detailed descriptions of the model set-up and results, as well as the monitoring techniques can be found in Zwaan & Schreurs (2023a and b).

4D X-Ray CT data and surface view videos of analogue models exploring rift interaction in orthogonal and rotational extension

This data set includes videos depicting the surface evolution of 29 analogue models on crustal extension, as well as 4D CT imagery (figures and videos) of two of these experiments. The experiments examined the influence of the method for driving extension (orthogonal or rotational) on the interaction between rift segments using a brittle-viscous set-up. All experiments were performed at the Tectonic Modelling Laboratory of the University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (UB). Brittle and viscous layers are both 4 cm thick, extension velocities are 8 mm/h so that a model duration of 5 h yields a total extension of 40 mm (e = ca. 13%, given an initial model width of ca. 30 mm). Next to the mode of extension (orthogonal or rotational), we also test the effect of the degree of onderlap (angle φ). Detailed descriptions of the experiments and monitoring techniques can be found in Zwaan et al. (2020).

Gelatin-based analog models simulating dike propagation in the upper crust

This dataset collects the results of a series of experiments carried out on air-filled cracks injected into pigskin gelatin blocks between September 2019 and May 2020 at GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam (Germany). Such experiments were intended to simulate dike propagation in the upper crust, in settings where tectonic and surface unloading stress are dominant in determining the stress field within the medium. The gelatin blocks were laterally strained and rift-like excavations were moulded on their surfaces. These data include pictures of each experimental setup and video records of each injected crack, as well as tables collecting the measured arrival points of the cracks at the surface of the gelatin and relevant elastic and geometric parameters. The data publication is a Supplement to Mantiloni et al. (2020): "Stress inversion in a gelatin box: testing eruptive vent location forecasts with analog models" (Geophys. Res. Lett.), to which the reader is referred for further information.

Effect of sieving height on density and friction of brittle analogue material: Ring-shear test data of corundum sand used for analogue experiments in the Tectonic Modelling Lab of the University of Bern (CH)

This dataset provides friction data from ring-shear tests (RST) for a corundum sand (“NKF120”). This material is used in various types of analogue experiments in Tectonic Modelling Lab of the University of Bern as an analogue for brittle layers in the crust or lithosphere. The material has been characterized by means of internal friction coefficients μ and cohesions C. Three sub-datasets represent a systematic increase of the sieving height from 10 cm to 20 cm to 30 cm into a shear cell of type No. 1, following the same protocol. This dataset shows that packing density of corundum sand is dependent on the chosen sieving height. However, the effect of the sieving height on internal friction coefficients μ as well as cohesion C is minor and thus negligible in sandbox experiments. According to our analysis the material shows for a sieving height of 10 cm a Mohr-Coulomb behaviour characterized by a linear failure envelope and peak, dynamic and reactivation friction coefficients of μP = 0.75, μD = 0.64 and μR = 0.68, respectively. Cohesions C are in the order of 70 – 105 Pa.

1