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B 4.1: Land vulnerability and land suitability analysis in Northern Vietnam

Das Projekt "B 4.1: Land vulnerability and land suitability analysis in Northern Vietnam" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Hohenheim, Institut für Bodenkunde und Standortslehre durchgeführt. As populations are steadily increasing in VN, farming land becomes scarce and new areas are opened up for cultivation, mainly in mountainous regions. On the fragile steep slopes deforestation and soil erosion are the well-known consequences. Land use in Yen Chau District, the study area in Son La, has significantly changed in the last decades. Until now, mainly soil degradation is reported on upland fields, but also soil erosion is increasing, both decreasing crop yields. In this project a database for topography, land use and soil properties within two subcatchments in Yen Chau will be created. The main goal of the project will be to carry out land suitability analysis and land vulnerability analysis, based on the data stored in the database, to provide tools for future sustainable land use planning. For this, a broad approach is intended by assessing land suitability for various crops, fruit trees and livestock production as well as to work out land vulnerability of the research area based on soil characteristics and topographic situation. The land suitability and vulnerability analysis will be carried out with the adopted SOTER (Soil and Terrain) approach. Normally used for a 1:500000 scale the SOTER technology will be developed for a 1:50.000 scale for two subcatchments. This is especially necessary because the closely cooperating projects C4.1 (Land use modelling), B5.1 (Water quality analysis) and G1.2 (Sustainability strategies) will rely on the spatial data of this scale. A totally new objective will be attempted by breaking down the SOTER technology to a scale of 1:5.000 for a village area in one of the selected subcatchments to regard the typical small-scale land use mosaic of a village area. Only with this scale the typical small scale land use mosaic of a village area can relatively precisely be mapped taking settlement areas, fish ponds, homegardens, fields, pastures, forests and scrubland as well as streams and creeks into account. With this approach it will be the first time possible to evaluate agricultural production on a village level using the SOTER technology. The SOTER database will be used with algorithms and soil transfer functions in order to derive soil suitability and soil vulnerability of certain areas. For the suitability analysis of different crops mainly the static approach for water regime, nutrient regime and potential root zone will be generated. As an important tool for decision making the erosion hazards due to water and especially gravity has to be visualized. As participatory soil mapping provides valuable additional information for land use evaluation and potential planning, this approach will be integrated on both the subcatchment and the village level in joint cooperation with A1.3 (Participatory Research). Finally, land use scenarios regarding different factors, e.g. change of cropping patterns, introduction of fruit trees, intensification of fish production or changes in market access, will be modelled.

Solar and Wind Energy Resource Assessment (SWERA)

Das Projekt "Solar and Wind Energy Resource Assessment (SWERA)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Institut für Technische Thermodynamik, Abteilung Systemanalyse und Technikbewertung durchgeführt. The project SWERA will provide solar and wind resource data and geographic information assessment tools to public and private sector executives who are involved in energy market development. It will demonstrate the use of these instruments in investment and policy decision making and build local capacities for their continuous use. The project will enable private investors and public policy makers to assess the technical, economic and environmental potential for large-scale investments in technologies that enable the exploitation of two increasingly important sources of renewable energy. During this pilot project, tools for analysis and use of resource information will be developed, a global archive and review mechanism will be initiated, regional/national solar and wind resource maps generated and national assessment demonstrations performed. The overall goal is to promote the integration of wind and solar alternatives in national and regional energy planning and sector restructuring as well as related policy making. The project will enable informed decision making and enhance the ability of participating governments to attract increased investor interest in renewable energy. Thirteen countries will be directly involved in the pilot stage of the project. Global and regional maps will be available to all developing countries. The German Aerospace Center (DLR) will provide high resolution solar maps of the Direct Normal Irradiation. This is particularly important for concentrating solar power collectors. DLR will work with SUNY and INPE/LABSOLAR to integrate their high-resolution horizontal total radiation model. DLR and TERI will jointly execute the South Asian mapping using INSAT and METEOSAT-5 data. DLR will provide advice to national executing agencies and stakeholders on their activities and assist in the comparison of measurements and different mapping models.

Economics of Adaptation to Climate Change (EACC): Aggregate Track Infrastructure - Coastal Component

Das Projekt "Economics of Adaptation to Climate Change (EACC): Aggregate Track Infrastructure - Coastal Component" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von GCF - Global Climate Forum e.V. durchgeführt. The project developed a global estimate of adaptation costs for informing climate negotiations and adaptation decision making.

Forest Ecosystems: Vulnerability Assessment of Goods and Services (ForEVAS)

Das Projekt "Forest Ecosystems: Vulnerability Assessment of Goods and Services (ForEVAS)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Potsdam-Institut für Klimafolgenforschung e.V. durchgeführt. The overall aim of the project ForEVAS is the evaluation of the exposure and sensitivity of goods and services provided by the forest sector to global change, the analysis of the adaptation capacity of forestry to future global change and the role of forestry in mitigation and adaptation strategies at regional scales. The demand for forest goods and services is determined by a wide array of user groups (as forest owners, ground water administration, general public seeking recreation, consumers of wood and fibre products, groups interested in nature conservation). At the same time the object of climate impact, i.e. the forests with a given species-composition and structure, are the result of landscape and forest management measures. Therefore, the capacity for adaptation to climate change has to be described in the context of a multi-purpose, multi-user setting. ForEVAS will analyse vulnerability based on indicators, criteria and decisions on demand and preferred management options that are assessed in a dialogue with user groups. To do this, methods of scenario analyses with simulation models, of multi-criteria analysis, and uncertainty analysis of decision making with regard to the adaptive measures will be applied.

MERCW - Modelling of Environmental Risks related to sea-dumped Chemical Weapons

Das Projekt "MERCW - Modelling of Environmental Risks related to sea-dumped Chemical Weapons" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Bonn, Institut für Informatik, Abteilung II Computer Graphik durchgeführt. The MERCW project focuses on the study of chemical munition dump sites in the Baltic Sea and Skagerrak area. Through focused site investigations an assessment will be made of the ecological risks related to the dumped warfare for the marine ecosystem and people. The main objectives of the project involve: a) to develop and apply innovative, integrated geophysical, geo- and hydrochemical, hydrographical, and hydrobiological site investigations; b) to evaluate and model the release, migration and degradation of toxic compounds as well as their degradation products in the environment; c) to develop a regional ecological risk assessment model; d) to illustrate the results from the risk assessment using innovative visualisation; e) to develop an indicator concept for use in decision-making based an the DPSIR-concept.

Diffuse Stoffeinträge in das Grundwasser und die Oberflächengewässer aus landwirtschaftlichen Quellen in Brandenburg - Entscheidungsgrundlagen zur Umsetzung der WRRL

Das Projekt "Diffuse Stoffeinträge in das Grundwasser und die Oberflächengewässer aus landwirtschaftlichen Quellen in Brandenburg - Entscheidungsgrundlagen zur Umsetzung der WRRL" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Leibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung (ZALF) e.V., Institut für Landschaftssystemanalyse durchgeführt. Für die gesamte Fläche des Bundeslandes Brandenburgs sollen die N und P Bilanzüberschüsse aus der landwirtschaftlichen Produktion mit einer möglichst kleinräumigen Auflösung dargestellt und quantifiziert werden. Darauf aufbauend sind die daraus reultierenden N und P Einträge in das Grundwasser und die Oberflächengewässe zu quantifizieren.

Strategy and methodology for improved IWRM - An Integrated Interdisclipinary Assessment in Four Twinning River Basins in Europe and Asia (STRIVER)

Das Projekt "Strategy and methodology for improved IWRM - An Integrated Interdisclipinary Assessment in Four Twinning River Basins in Europe and Asia (STRIVER)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Bonn, Zentrum für Entwicklungsforschung durchgeführt. The point of departure for STRIVER is the lack of clear methodologies and problems in operationalisation of IWRM as pointed out by both the scientific and management communities. STRIVER will develop interdisciplinary methods to assess and implement IWRM. Based on the development of a multidisciplinary knowledge base assessment in all case studies (policy, social and natural sciences) and an early stage development of IWRM conceptual framework, the project will undertake IWRM in the four selected twinned catchments covering six countries in Europe and Asia. Twinning activities based on a problem-based approach will be performed in four case river basins: - Tunga Bahdra (2 states in India), - Sesan (Vietnam/Cambodia), - Glomma (Norway), - Tejo/Tagus (Spain/Portugal) Under the IWRM framework, the problems to be covered are (i) water regimes in transboundary regulated rivers, (ii) environmental flow, (iii) land and water use interaction, and (iv) pollution. The research will use sub-basins of each river basin in all cases to allow more detailed studies and easier integration of all stakeholders, for transferability purposes.STRIVER will contribute towards improved interdisciplinary IWRM, based on the coupling and balancing of ecological, social-economic and policy variables in all the four case-basins by twinning activities. To that end, the project will: - develop guidelines for interdisciplinary methods to assess and implement IWRM, - assess the transferability of case study results, - enhance the dialogue between decision-makers, stakeholders and scientists, - disseminate data and information to stakeholders to promote participatory planning and integrated decision-making, taking adequate account of the rights of poor people and gender roles, ensure that project results will benefit all parties also after the end of the project. Prime Contractor: Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway.

Abgaben, Steuern und Transfers (3Ts) im europäischen Wassersektor

Das Projekt "Abgaben, Steuern und Transfers (3Ts) im europäischen Wassersektor" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Ecologic Institut gemeinnützige GmbH durchgeführt. Ecologic Institut unterstützt EUREAU in seinem Beitrag über finanziell nachhaltige Lösungen für die Wasserwirtschaft im Rahmen des 2012 World Water Forum (http://www.worldwaterforum6.org/) in Marseille. Ein zentraler Aspekt dieser Lösungen ist die Förderung des '3T'-Ansatzes, der von der Organisation für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung (OECD) entwickelt wurde. Die Studie entwickelt eine praktische methodische Anleitung (Handbuch) um eine konsistente, auf den Endnutzer zugeschnittene Vorgehensweise zu etablieren, die finanzielle Daten auf Basis der 3Ts Methodik der OECD strukturiert. Um konkrete Beispiele und Illustrationen zu schaffen, wendet die Studie die erarbeitete 3Ts Methodik innerhalb einer quantitativen Analyse von ausgewählten europäischen Wasserversorgungsbetrieben auf unterschiedlichen geografischen und administrativen Ebenen (Gemeinde / Region / Land) an. Das letztendliche Ziel des Handbuchs ist die Entwicklung und Förderung der 3Ts als Schlüssel zur Entscheidungshilfe in der Finanzplanung der Wasserdienstleistungen - ein Hilfsmittel, dass in verschiedenen Publikationen, vor allem in EUREAU Publikation, verwendet werden kann.

Optimized Strategies for Risk Assessment of Chemicals based on Intelligent Testing (OSIRIS)

Das Projekt "Optimized Strategies for Risk Assessment of Chemicals based on Intelligent Testing (OSIRIS)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Helmholtz-Zentrum für Umweltforschung GmbH - UFZ, Department Ökologische Chemie durchgeführt. The proposed regulation concerning the registration, evaluation, authorisation and restriction of chemicals (REACH) requires demonstration of the safe manufacture of chemicals and their safe use throughout the supply chain. There is therefore a strong need to strengthen and advance human and environmental risk assessment knowledge and practices with regard to chemicals, in accord with the precautionary principle. The goal of the project OSIRIS is to develop integrated testing strategies (ITS) fit for REACH that enable to significantly increase the use of non-testing information for regulatory decision making, and thus minimise the need for animal testing. To this end, operational procedures will be developed, tested and disseminated that guide a transparent and scientifically sound evaluation of chemical substances in a risk-driven, context-specific and substance-tailored (RCS) manner. The envisaged decision theory framework includes alternative methods such as chemical and biological read-across, in vitro results, in vivo information on analogues, qualitative and quantitative structure-activity relationships, thresholds of toxicological concern and exposure-based waiving, and takes into account cost-benefit analyses as well as societal risk perception. It is based on the new REACH paradigm to move away from extensive standard testing to a more intelligent, substance-tailored approach. The work will be organised in five interlinked research pillars (chemical domain, biological domain, exposure, integration strategies and tools, case studies), with a particular focus on more complex, long-term and high-cost endpoints. Case studies will demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the new ITS methodologies, and provide guidance in concrete form. To ensure optimal uptake of the results obtained in this project, end-users in industry and regulatory authorities will be closely involved in monitoring and in providing specific technical contributions to this project.

Environmentally Compatible Air Transport Systems (ECATS- Network of Excellence)

Das Projekt "Environmentally Compatible Air Transport Systems (ECATS- Network of Excellence)" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR), Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre Oberpfaffenhofen durchgeführt. ECATS ist ein so genanntes Exzellenznetzwerk (NoE) der Europäischen Kommission in Brüssel, an dem 13 Gruppen europäischer Universitäten und nationalen Forschungszentren beteiligt sind. Ziel des Projektes ist die Entwicklung eines virtuellen europäischen Forschungsinstitutes durch Bündelung verschiedener nationaler und europäischer Forschungsinitiativen zur Entwicklung umweltfreundlicher Luftverkehrskonzepte.

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