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Flowering time, development and yield in oilseed rape (Brassica napus): Sequence diversity in regulatory genes

Das Projekt "Flowering time, development and yield in oilseed rape (Brassica napus): Sequence diversity in regulatory genes" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Institut für Pflanzenbau und Pflanzenzüchtung I, Professur für Pflanzenzüchtung.Flowering time (FTi) genes play a key role as regulators of complex gene expression networks, and the influence of these networks on other complex systems means that FTi gene expression triggers a cascade of regulatory effects with a broad global effect on plant development. Hence, allelic and expression differences in FTi genes can play a central role in phenotypic variation throughput the plant lifecycle. A prime example for this is found in Brassica napus, a phenotypically and genetically diverse species with enormous variation in vernalisation requirement and flowering traits. The species includes oilseed rape (canola), one of the most important oilseed crops worldwide. Previously we have identified QTL clusters related to plant development, seed yield and heterosis in winter oilseed rape that seem to be conserved in diverse genetic backgrounds. We suspect that these QTL are controlled by global regulatory genes that influence numerous traits at different developmental stages. Interestingly, many of the QTL clusters for yield and biomass heterosis appear to correspond to the positions of meta-QTL for FTi in spring-type and/or winter-type B. napus. Based on the hypothesis that diversity in FTi genes has a key influence on plant development and yield, the aim of this study is a detailed analysis of DNA sequence variation in regulatory FTi genes in B. napus, combined with an investigation of associations between FTi gene haplotypes, developmental traits, yield components and seed yield.

Schwerpunktprogramm (SPP) 1530: Flowering time control: from natural variation to crop improvement, Unravelling the role of an autonomous pathway component in FTi control in Arabidopsis and barley

Das Projekt "Schwerpunktprogramm (SPP) 1530: Flowering time control: from natural variation to crop improvement, Unravelling the role of an autonomous pathway component in FTi control in Arabidopsis and barley" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Technische Universität Dresden, Lehrstuhl für Molekulare Zellphysiologie und Endokrinologie.We will compare the role of an RNA-binding protein in floral transition in Arabidopsis thaliana and Hordeum vulgare. The RNA-binding protein AtGRP7 promotes floral transition mainly by downregulating the floral repressor FLC via the autonomous pathway. Based on our observation that AtGRP7 affects the steady-state abundance of a suite of microRNA precursors, we will globally compare the small RNA component of the transcriptome during FTi regulation in wild type plants and AtGRP7 overexpressors by deep sequencing. This will extend the knowledge on small RNAs associated with floral transition and provide insights into the regulatory network downstream of this RNA-binding protein. Further, we will address the question how AtGRP7 orthologues function in crop species lacking FLC homologues. A barley line with highly elevated levels of the AtGRP7 orthologue HvGR-RBP1 shows accelerated FTi and preanthesis development when compared to a near-isogenic parent with very low expression of this gene. We will characterize in detail flowering of this line with respect to different photoperiods and its vernalization requirement. We will employ a TILLING approach to further delineate the function of HvGR-RBP1 in flowering. A candidate gene approach to identify downstream targets will provide insights into the signaling pathways through which HvGR-RBP1 influences FTi. This project contributes to the development of a functional cross-species network of FTi regulators, the major strategic aim of the SPP.

Requirements for facilities and acceptance criteria for the disposal of metallic mercury

Das Projekt "Requirements for facilities and acceptance criteria for the disposal of metallic mercury" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Europäische Kommission, Generaldirektion Umwelt / Kommission der Europäischen Gemeinschaften Brüssel. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: BIPRO Beratungsgesellschaft für integrierte Problemlösungen GmbH.

Forest functions arrangement with the CBD's Ecosystem Approach - A study on the Bengawan Solo River Basin, Java, Indonesia

Das Projekt "Forest functions arrangement with the CBD's Ecosystem Approach - A study on the Bengawan Solo River Basin, Java, Indonesia" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Universität Göttingen, Burckhardt-Institut, Professur für Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege.The natural capital of forests consists to a great extend of the forests environmental functions for human well-being, which not only include goods and services (source and sink functions) but also include life-support functions that reflect ecosystem performance (ecosystem functioning). Shifting the management approach from a traditional one to one that is more aware of the ecosystem complexity, the idea of 'ecosystem functioning is appearing to tackle gradual declines of ecosystem functions. Within CBDs framework, the Ecosystem Approach has been introduced on account of the necessity for open decision making with strong links between all stakeholders and the latest scientific knowledge due to uncertainty and unpredictability in nature. The Ecosystem Approach is still in need of further elaboration, even though as a concept Ecosystem Approach has been widely accepted. To aim forest enhancement, this approach has been regarded as the most feasible concept for the study area, the Bengawan Solo River Basin - Java, Indonesia. Therefore the principles and operational guidelines will be used to analyse and evaluate the current forest management in those areas of the Bengawan Solo River Basin, in which ecosystem function is the basis for forest development area. This research focuses on ecological functions of forests at various levels of ecosystem management planning, from the forestry sectors point of view.

ERA-NET - Development of test methods for non wood small-scale combustion plants

Das Projekt "ERA-NET - Development of test methods for non wood small-scale combustion plants" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Kommission der Europäischen Gemeinschaften Brüssel. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Höhere Landwirtschaftliche Bundeslehranstalt Francisco-Josephinum.Non wood fuels for small-scale furnaces have attracted increasing interest in several European countries. New technological approaches are on the way, but the verification of any such developments is difficult and there is a large uncertainty about testing procedures and equipment. While for wood combustion standardized European measuring regulations are available and broadly applied, the testing of cereal fuel combustion is generally not following a commonly accepted procedure. Consequently the results of such measurements are not fully comparable. This applies particularly for the international level, which is here of particular relevance due to the fact that a combustion technology development for a niche application can only be economically viable if a sufficiently large marketing area can be taken into focus. The overall objective of the proposal is therefore to contribute through research to the development of uniform and comparable European procedures for testing of small-scale boilers up to a power out of 300 kW for solid biomass from agriculture like straw pellets and energy grain. The driving forces and barriers will be worked out; existing legal regulation for the installation (approval by the local authorities) in the participating countries will be collected. The state of the art of the non wood biomass boiler technology will be identified; the need for standardized tests for type approval tests and the measures to establish a European Standard will be shown. Measurement methods with special emphasis on efficiency and emissions will be worked out and the requirements and specifications of test fuels will be proposed. Test runs will be carried out following preliminary test procedures based on existing European standards for wood boilers. Based on the results of these test runs a draft for a Europe-wide uniform test procedure will be proposed. Preparatory work for a European standardization process including a round robin test will be done.

DIGSTER - Map and Go (Digital Satellite Based Terrain Model) - User Requirements

Das Projekt "DIGSTER - Map and Go (Digital Satellite Based Terrain Model) - User Requirements" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Österreichische Forschungsförderungsgesellschaft mbH (FFG). Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Technische Universität Graz, Institut für Fernerkundung und Photogrammetrie.The project DIGSTER - Map and Go (Digital Based Terrain Mapping) aims at the technical aspects of digital terrrain mapping. For many questions in administration, planning and expertise terrrain mappings are indispensable. The whole process starting with the data acquisition in the field and ending with map products will be digitally performed by the system. Therefore, a platform appropriate for the use in the field (PDA) is combined with technologies from the disciplines of satellite navigation, remote sensing, communication, and mobile geoinformation systems. For DIGSTER a lot of practical applications already exist in connection with policies and directives on the national and also European level.

Diffusion and advection with sorption of anions, cations and non-polar molecules in organo-clays at varying thermo-chemical conditions - validation by analytical methods and molecular simulation

Das Projekt "Diffusion and advection with sorption of anions, cations and non-polar molecules in organo-clays at varying thermo-chemical conditions - validation by analytical methods and molecular simulation" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institut für Bodenkunde.The sorption of anions in geotechnical multibarrier systems of planned high level waste repositories (HLWR) and of non-ionic and organic pollutants in conventional waste disposals are in the center of recent research. In aquatic systems, persistent radionuclides such as 79Se, 99Tc, 129I exist in a form of anions. There is strongly increasing need to find materials with high sorption capacities for such pollutants. Specific requirements on barrier materials are long-term stability of adsorbent under various conditions such as T > 100 C, varying hydrostatic pressure, and the presence of competing ions. Organo-clays are capable to sorb high amounts of cations, anions and non-polar molecules simultaneously having selectivity for certain ions. This project is proposed to improve the understanding of sorption and desorption processes in organo-clays. Additionally, the modification of material properties under varying chemical and thermal conditions will be determined by performing diffusion and advection experiments. Changes by sorption and diffusion will be analyzed by determining surface charge and contact angles. Molecular simulations on models of organo-clays will be conducted in an accord with experiments with aim to understand and analyze experimental results. The computational part of the project will profit from the collaboration of German partner with the group in Vienna, which has a long standing experience in a modeling of clay minerals.

KoLibri - Komplexe Leichtbaustrukturen für elektronische Anwendungen innerhalb der Mobilität, Teilvorhaben: Konzeptionierung und Test von Metallschaum-Demonstratoren für die Powerelektronik innerhalb der Mobilität

Das Projekt "KoLibri - Komplexe Leichtbaustrukturen für elektronische Anwendungen innerhalb der Mobilität, Teilvorhaben: Konzeptionierung und Test von Metallschaum-Demonstratoren für die Powerelektronik innerhalb der Mobilität" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Klimaschutz. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Siemens AG.

Bionik und KI zur nachhaltigen Integration in der Produktentwicklung für einen ressourceneffizienten Leichtbau, Teilvorhaben: Ausarbeitung eines KI- & Algorithmen-unterstützten Entwicklungsprozesses für die Automobilindustrie

Das Projekt "Bionik und KI zur nachhaltigen Integration in der Produktentwicklung für einen ressourceneffizienten Leichtbau, Teilvorhaben: Ausarbeitung eines KI- & Algorithmen-unterstützten Entwicklungsprozesses für die Automobilindustrie" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Klimaschutz. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: EDAG Engineering GmbH.

Bionik und KI zur nachhaltigen Integration in der Produktentwicklung für einen ressourceneffizienten Leichtbau, Teilvorhaben: Ökologisch und ökonomisch nachhaltige Produktionsbewertung und -wahl zur Realisierung KI- & Algorithmen-unterstützter Entwicklungen

Das Projekt "Bionik und KI zur nachhaltigen Integration in der Produktentwicklung für einen ressourceneffizienten Leichtbau, Teilvorhaben: Ökologisch und ökonomisch nachhaltige Produktionsbewertung und -wahl zur Realisierung KI- & Algorithmen-unterstützter Entwicklungen" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Klimaschutz. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Krause DiMaTec GmbH.

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