Climate protection aspects, commitments to the Kyoto-protocol and a guarantee of the national energy supply are the main drivers for this project of the Government of Chile. In the first phase of the consultation GZB will be the technical partner of a workgroup which is going to establish a government-guideline for the implementation of geothermal energy projects in Chile. The guideline will emphasize legal, financial and environmental aspects.
Problemstellung: Der Begriff der 'Guten fachlichen Praxis (GfP) in der Land- und Forstwirtschaft definiert rechtlich verankerte ökologische und naturschutzfachliche Mindestanforderungen an die Bewirtschaftung. In der Novelle des Bundesnaturschutzgesetzes wurde die GfP für die Landwirtschaft über Grundsätze mit konkreten Anforderungen verbunden. Die Chance der Integration naturschutzfachlicher Zielsetzungen in die Landbewirtschaftung soll auch für eine multifunktionale Forstwirtschaft genutzt werden. Dabei gewinnt die Ausgestaltung von weiterführenden finanziellen Anreiz- und Ausgleichssystemen zunehmend an Bedeutung. Sowohl die Vertreter des Waldbesitzes wie auch des Naturschutzes verweisen darauf, dass die Ziele des Waldnaturschutzes mit regulativen Instrumenten allein nur unzureichend sichergestellt werden können (siehe Nationales Waldprogramm, Erster Deutscher Waldgipfel). Deshalb sollten neben der legalen Definition der GfP naturschutzfachliche Grundlagen für den Einsatz finanzieller Instrumente zur ökologischen Honorierung naturschutzrelevanter Leistungen als ergänzender Baustein einer naturschutzpolitischen Gesamtstrategie für den Wald entwickelt werden.
The mission of the TIDE project will be to enhance the broad transfer and take-up of 15 innovative urban transport and mobility concepts throughout Europe and to make a visible contribution to establish them as mainstream measures. The TIDE partners will make a range of new and feasible solutions easily accessible to address key challenges of urban transport such as energy efficiency, decarbonisation, demographic change, safety, access for all and new economic and financial conditions. TIDE will focus on 15 innovative concepts in five thematic clusters: financing models and pricing measures (1), non-motorised transport (2), network and traffic management to support traveller information (3), electric vehicles (4) and public transport organisation (5). Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans will be a horizontal topic to integrate the cluster activities. The project will provide a strong approach in methodology, content and outreach. The needs of practitioners in European cities and regions will be a guiding principle. A particular focus will also be on providing guidance for finding cost-efficient solutions (cost-benefit analysis). The project will refine existing and well proven transferability methodologies and integrate them into an easy to apply handbook. Face-to-Face training and exchange events as well as guidelines and e-learning on how to successfully implement innovative solutions will be the key tools to effectively support a wide range of take-up candidates in overcoming real or perceived barriers to implementation. A broad portfolio of dissemination activities will ensure a high visibility of the project. TIDE will actively support 15 committed cities in developing implementation scenarios. They will demonstrate how to successfully prepare implementation of innovative solutions and provide examples to a wider group of cities. An experienced and committed consortium will ensure that the advanced project approach will achieve a well visible impact.
Drying, through its effects on soils, is likely to affect any man-made structure and building supported by the ground, as well as the safety of earth structures (such as flood embankments and dams) and land use. The related human and financial costs are incalculable. Studies on climate global change clearly suggest an increasing recurrence of drought events in some parts of the world, making the subject a burning issue. The broad objective of the research is twofold: (i) to gain a better understanding of the consequences of drying the soil, the mechanisms which induce damage and the variables which control it; (ii) to develop a comprehensive predictive model, able to assess such processes. Because of the deformable nature of soils, drying primarily induces shrinkage. More generally, drying is responsible for a large set of processes, which could be sorted as follows: (i) soil de-formation, (ii), strength modification, (iii), structure alteration, (iv), mechanical damage, and (v) fracture. The risks of degradation of buildings, of earth-structures and land use stem from these phenomena. In spite of the existing modelling capabilities, the prediction of the consequences of drying on soil behaviour is still oversimplified. This is primarily because of the lack of global conceptual models for the highly complex processes that occur during drying. We intend to tackle the problem by considering the fundamental couplings between the water retention behaviour and the mechanical behaviour. The structure changes and damages induced by drying will be the focus of our attention. In order to support our understanding of the processes and their modelling, it is planned to conduct experiments, and to measure the evolution of deformation, water saturation, particle arrangement and fracturing related to drying. The work and its planned dissemination will help communities to assess the potential environmental impact and risk on their territory more easily. This research will develop a coherent and experimentally-supported theory. Understanding soil drying shrinkage and damage and developing abilities to predict its behaviour will allow engineers to reduce the principal threat to landforms and structures. This alone will be greatly beneficial to a large portion of the population.
IAGOS is a design study pursuing the preparation of a resilient distributed infrastructure for routine observations of atmospheric composition, aerosols, clouds and contrails on the global scale from commercial in-service aircraft. Observations in the Up per Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere (UTLS) are critical for improving the scientific understanding of chemistry-climate interactions, particularly those associated with the roles of clouds, aerosols and chemical composition. This information is essen tial for improving the scientific basis related to predictions of global climate change and for the assessment of surface air pollution, including the influence of aviation impacts and of emissions from other parts of the world on Europe. In IAGOS, new instrument packages will be developed which include state of the art developments based on the former MOZAIC instrumentation for O3, H2O, CO and NOy/NOx with significant reductions in size and weight. A central element is the certification of the packa ges for installation and deployment on Airbus longrange aircraft and for maintenance in compliance with aeronautical regulations. New instrumentation will be designed for aerosol, cloud particles and for stratospheric water vapour. Another important elem ent is the design of realtime data provision from the new instruments to meteorological services. Finally, IAGOS will establish the logistic and financial boundary conditions for the operation of the new infrastructure and will initiate the dialog betwe en scientific partners, users and airlines interested in supporting the new infrastructure. IAGOS is epected to make a significant step forward in the development of a globally operated in situ ob-servation network for the climate system.
EUR-OCEANS aims to achieve lasting integration of European research organisations on global change and pelagic marine ecosystems, and to develop models for assessing and forecasting the impacts of climate and anthropogenic forcing on food-web dynamics (structure, functioning, diversity and stability) of pelagic ecosystems in the open ocean. The NOE will favour the progressive integration of research programmes and facilities of major research Institutes all over Europe. The long-term goal of the NOE is to create a multi-site Institute for European Research on Ocean Ecosystems under Anthropogenic and Natural forcings. The international context is provided by Global Ocean Ecosystem Dynamics (GLOBEC), and the forthcoming Integrated Marine Biogeochemistry and Ecosystem Research (IMBER) of the International Geosphere Biosphere Programme (IGBP).EUR-OCEANS' Joint Programme of Activities (JPA) comprises: (1) Integrating activities on: networking (data and model integration); (2) Jointly executed research, organised around four broad modelling tasks (together with observations and experiments) on: pelagic ecosystems end-to-end, biogeochemistry, ecosystem approach to marine resources and within-system integration; (3) Activities to spread excellence, including training of researchers, and spreading excellence to socio-economic users and to the European public (through the Association of Aquaria for EUR-OCEANS public outreach); (4) Management Activities. Administrative and Financial Coordinator: Institut Oceanographique. Governing bodies: General Assembly (Member Organisations); Executive Committee (incl. Scientific Director and the Deputy); Steering Committee (incl. Work Packages Leaders). Councils: Scientific, Intellectual, Gender Equality, and EUR-OCEANS Institute. Composition: 69 Member Organisations, from 25 states (incl. 7 Third countries); 160 PIs selected for their capacity and excellence. Close cooperation with the USA, Australia, Canada, Namibia and Japan. Prime Contractor: France Innovation Scientifique et Transfert; Paris; France.
Objective: Based on the successful implementation of multi-user solar hybrid grids (MSG) in Europe, this project deals with the design of rural village electrification technology and schemes for rural communities, schools, or dispensaries in Mediterranean partner cou ntries. For this purpose, this project further develops and adapts an integrated approach, covering all aspects required (social, economical, financial and technical) for long term sustainable energy service achieved with hybrid systems. This approach is e laborated in a common effort between partners in the EU and Mediterranean partner countries). There is an initial preparation phase addressing research on technological, socio-economic and institutional issues in each target country covered by this project (Morocco, Algeria, Jordan, Lebanon), which are all crucial for successful implementation. The systems to be developed are adapted to the context in Mediterranean partner countries, such as high robustness, and additional communications for remote monitori ng. They are based on a locally appropriate energy mix based on PV plus wind or micro-hydraulic, and fuel, feeding local micro grids. Intelligent energy distribution devices assure reliable energy service for each user so that a high level of energy effici ency and demand side management is achieved during the operation of the systems. The project previews dissemination of results using a rural electrification manual, local dissemination actions in each target country, one training seminar and one internatio nal conference targeting at specialists from all Mediterranean partner countries.
The main objective of the HERITAGE PLUS proposal is to pool the necessary financial resources from the participating national programmes and the European Community and to launch a single Joint Call for Proposals for research projects in the cultural heritage field that will be evaluated and managed jointly by the participating programmes. The 18 Partners have a strong background in designing, promoting and managing transnational, collaborative research programmes having participated to the Era Net Projects NET HERITAGE, HERA and DCNET and implemented the Joint Programming Initiative 'Cultural Heritage and Global Change: a new challenge for Europe' (JPICH). Within JPICH, the launch of the first pilot call, actually open, represents the factual commitment of Partners to implement transnational research programming. The HERITAGE PLUS project is fully in line with the JPICH as part of the implementation of the Strategic Research Agenda (SRA) and of the Action Programme. Consequently the HERITAGE PLUS call will be focused in topics on tangible cultural heritage research, developing new methodologies, technologies and products for the assessment, protection and management of historical and modern artefacts, buildings and sites, while not excluding interlinked aspects of digital and intangible heritage, following the interdisciplinary basic criteria on which the JPICH SRA devolved. This collaborative approach will provide a better use of public resources, while the European Community contribution to the Joint Call budget will stress the high interest generated by this common action. This ERA NET PLUS action will support the JPICH by proposing concrete solutions for pooling national expertise and resources and establishing closer and robust collaboration among the participating States in the field of cultural heritage. The HERITAGE PLUS action will improve the coordination of national research activities and policies in the domain of cultural heritage research.
Im Rahmen des Erprobungs- und Entwicklungsvorhabens ,Naturschutzhof Brodowin, das vom Bundesamt für Naturschutz (BfN) finanziert wird, werden beispielhaft für Nordostdeutschland, Grundlagen und Handlungsalternativen für die Integration naturschutzfachlich optimierter und ökonomisch tragfähiger Bewirtschaftungsprinzipien in die Betriebsabläufe der Ökologischen Landwirtschaft erarbeitet. Wichtige Ziele des bundesweit ersten derartigen Projektes sind: (I) Konflikte zwischen Naturschutz und modernem, großflächigem Ökologischen Landbau aufzeigen; (II) naturschutzfachlich optimierte Ackerbauverfahren sowie Konzepte zur Landschaftspflege auf gesamtbetrieblicher Ebene entwickeln und erproben; (III) ökonomisch optimale Betriebsabläufe mit Naturschutzzielen in Einklang bringen und Vorschläge für eine adäquate finanzielle Honorierung ökologischer Leistungen erarbeiten; (IV) Öffentlichkeitsarbeit zur Vermittlung der Idee 'Naturschutzhof' an diverse Zielgruppen (Bevölkerung, Landwirte, Berater, Öko-Verbände, Ministerien und Behörden). Die Arbeiten finden in enger Kooperation mit dem Demeter-Betrieb Ökodorf Brodowin statt.
The objective of the JI project was to replace the outdated and inefficient municipal heating installations running on coal by modern wood-fired boilers. Replacement has been done for the 43 MW capacity required for the heat supply to a town. As the wood fuel comes from sustainably managed forests GHG emissions from coal firing are avoided. Additionally, methane emissions from landfills are prevented. GFA ENVEST developed the Joint Implementation Project according to the UNFCCC modalities, covering the renewable energy component and the methane emission reduction component.The Onega JI project was the second Russian JI project that passed the JI validation process. Services provided: Identification of Project Location. Biomass Supply Assessment: Location analysis/forest resource analysis; Standing forest stock; Review of available waste wood stocks in the region; Economic and Financial Feasibility: Analysis of carbon and biomass benefits; Analysis of switching fuel systems in the identified location. Baseline Study Package for the Fuel-Switch Project: Environmental Assessment; Social Assessment; Review of the legislation to facilitate the switching of fuel source for heating purposes; Review current legislation and regulation of the energy, forestry, and environmental sectors as well as all regulations and laws affecting budgetary process and use by government of additional revenues; Intergrated stakeholder consultations. Baseline Study (BLS): Monitoring plan; Emission Reduction and Sequestration Study (ERSS); projections of the ERs that can reasonably be expected to be generated by the Project; Support for permissions, approvals and registration of the Joint Implementation project by relevant national and international authorities; Support to the project investor on monitoring and verification of emission reductions; accompanying Designated Operational Entity during the verification process; Marketing of Emission Reduction Units and Voluntary Emission Reductions on behalf of project investor; Assistance to the project investor during Emission Reduction Purchase Agreement negotiations.
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