The purpose of SuperGreen is to promote the development of European freight logistics in an environmentally friendly manner. Environmental factors play an increasing role in all transport modes, and holistic approaches are needed to identify win-win solutions. SuperGreen will evaluate a series of green corridors covering some representative regions and main transport routes throughout Europe. The selected corridors will be benchmarked based on parameters and key performance indicators covering all aspects related to transport operations and infrastructure. Environmental issues and emissions, external-, infrastructure- and internal costs will be covered to get an overall and realistic picture. Based on this benchmarking, areas and candidates for improvement will be identified (i.e. bottlenecks). The next step will be to evaluate how green technologies may support improving the identified bottlenecks. Among the green technologies considered may be novel propulsion systems, alternative fuels, cargo handling technologies, new terminal technologies or novel concepts relevant for the multimodal green corridors. The benchmarking issue is an iterative process. Next, a similar process needs to be accomplished taking into consideration smarter utilisation of available information in the multimodal chain (ICT-flows). An analysis will be made on how this information can be utilised to achieve greener logistics along the green corridors (e.g. e-freight, Supply Chain Management (SCM), smarter planning, scheduling and tracking & tracing). Based on these iterative benchmarks and evaluations, new R&D within specific topics may be needed to improve the identified bottlenecks. Recommendations for future calls for R&D proposals will be made. Last but not least, the project will review and assess the implications of alternative policy measures for green corridors, both at the local and the European level. Prime Contractor: National Technical University of Athens; Zografou; Hellas.
Materials and structures are called adaptive if they can change certain properties in a predictable manner due to the forces acting on them (passive) or by means of built in actuators (active). Those materials and structures are referred to as smart if they provide best performance when operation circumstances change. The project ADAM4EVE focuses on the development and assessment of applications of such materials and structures in the shipbuilding industry. The types of materials and structures are: - adaptable ship hull structures for optimised hydrodynamic properties depending on varying cruise speed, - adaptive materials for noise and vibration damping of ship engines to avoid induction of vibrations into the ship hull and - adaptive outfitting materials that improve ships' serviceability and safety. Technical developments in the project are structured in three groups: - Materials and structures development: Based on available research results and known applications from other industries, adaptive and smart materials and structures will be adopted and further developed in order to make them applicable in the maritime industry. - Solution development: Driven by different shipyards, several application case studies will be performed, in order to achieve customised solutions for particular vessel types and their individual requirements; classification societies will assure that the solutions comply with existing rules and regulations. - Enabling and assessment of technologies: This group of activities provides support to the other ones on the field of testing, assessment of safety as well as economical and ecological impact, and advice for production, operation and dismantling. Due to the novelty of the solutions to be pursued, further development of the required validation methods and tools is intended, as well as suggestions for standardisation.
The mission of the TIDE project will be to enhance the broad transfer and take-up of 15 innovative urban transport and mobility concepts throughout Europe and to make a visible contribution to establish them as mainstream measures. The TIDE partners will make a range of new and feasible solutions easily accessible to address key challenges of urban transport such as energy efficiency, decarbonisation, demographic change, safety, access for all and new economic and financial conditions. TIDE will focus on 15 innovative concepts in five thematic clusters: financing models and pricing measures (1), non-motorised transport (2), network and traffic management to support traveller information (3), electric vehicles (4) and public transport organisation (5). Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans will be a horizontal topic to integrate the cluster activities. The project will provide a strong approach in methodology, content and outreach. The needs of practitioners in European cities and regions will be a guiding principle. A particular focus will also be on providing guidance for finding cost-efficient solutions (cost-benefit analysis). The project will refine existing and well proven transferability methodologies and integrate them into an easy to apply handbook. Face-to-Face training and exchange events as well as guidelines and e-learning on how to successfully implement innovative solutions will be the key tools to effectively support a wide range of take-up candidates in overcoming real or perceived barriers to implementation. A broad portfolio of dissemination activities will ensure a high visibility of the project. TIDE will actively support 15 committed cities in developing implementation scenarios. They will demonstrate how to successfully prepare implementation of innovative solutions and provide examples to a wider group of cities. An experienced and committed consortium will ensure that the advanced project approach will achieve a well visible impact.
UNPLUGGED project aims to investigate how the use of inductive charging of Electric Vehicles (EV) in urban environments improves the convenience and sustainability of car-based mobility. In particular, it will be investigated how smart inductive charging infrastructure can facilitate full EV integration in the urban road systems while improving customer acceptance and perceived practicality. UNPLUGGED will achieve these goals by examining in detail the technical feasibility, practical issues, interoperability, user perception and socio-economic impacts of inductive charging. As one special variant, inductive en-route charging will be investigated thoroughly.
Objective: The Coordination Action CAPIRE will prepare and support the realization of a Public Private Partnership (PPP) sustaining and putting into practice the European Green Cars Initiative. Its activities will be focussed on two major fields: a careful consideration of options for the aims, shape, and implementation paths a PPP, and the identification of technology roadblocks and the respective research needs within FP7. Major outcomes will be an appropriate and proven PPP implementation model and a dedicated roadmap based on an elaborated and deep analysis of R&D needs, respective milestones and supporting measures. The goal is to increase by a joint approach of the involved economic sectors and the public authorities the competitiveness of global European Automotive Industry in the domain of energy efficient, safe, non-polluting and CO2-free vehicles. To be broad enough, this strategy has to be based on the three following technology pillars: - Passenger cars and LCV: to reduce local pollution, emission of green house gases, and noise by accelerating electrification of vehicles and provision of a dedicated infrastructure for the connection to CO2-free energy sources - Trucks and Buses: to improve overall efficiency of transport of people and goods by accelerating the improvement of ICE technologies and their potential partial electrification. - Logistics: to increase the efficiency of goods transport by optimizing loading rate of trucks and mixing different energy saving transport vectors as rail transport and road transport. The results of CAPIRE shall serve as a guideline for automotive R&D and European road transport policy related to the Green Cars topic. Their deployment will require a strong cooperation between OEMs, automotive & technology suppliers, road and traffic operators, energy and service providers, Universities and public authorities to reach the ambitious target related to key technologies in a medium and long term perspective. Prime Contractor: Renault SAS Prepresented by Gie Regienov; Boulogne-Billancourt; France.
To achieve lower Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC) and CO2/NOx emissions, modern turbomachineries operate at high velocities and high temperature conditions. The lack of confidence in the prediction of combustor-turbine interactions leads to apply extra safety margins on components design. Therefore, the understanding of combustor-turbine flow field interactions is mandatory to preserve High Pressure Turbine (HPT) life and performance when optimising the design of new HPT. The FACTOR objective is to optimise the combustor-turbine interactions design to develop low-cost turbines and reduce SFC by 2Prozent, HPT weight by 1.5Prozent and accordingly engine cost by 3Prozent compared to the results from the TATEF2 and AITEB2 projects. To achieve this objective, FACTOR will develop and exploit an innovative test infrastructure coupling a combustor simulator with a HPT for aerodynamic and aero-thermal measurements. The infrastructure will improve the knowledge of aero-thermal external flows since the inlet profile of the turbine and the secondary flows will be modelled and optimised together in the same facility, under engine representative conditions. Collected data will be fed into the design techniques and simulation software used to optimise HPT components. In parallel, the use of advanced CFD (e.g. LES or DES) will provide new knowledge on wall temperature and heat transfer predictions. This will be particularly important to design future combustor-turbine systems in an integrated manner, especially for the next generation of lean burn combustion systems having complex and severe flow constraints. By optimising the combustor-HPT interaction, FACTOR project will contribute to achieving the 50Prozent CO2 and 80Prozent NOx reductions ACARE 2020 environmental objectives. FACTOR will also strengthen the competitiveness of the European aero-engine industry by making available a new test infrastructure with experimental abilities beyond those of the US. Prime Contractor: Snecma SA; Paris; France.
Vision-2020, whose objectives include the reduction of emissions and a more effective transport systems, puts severe demands on aircraft velocity and weight. These require an increased load on wings and aero-engine components. The greening of air transport systems means a reduction of drag and losses, which can be obtained by keeping laminar boundary layers on external and internal airplane parts. Increased loads make supersonic flow velocities more prevalent and are inherently connected to the appearance of shock waves, which in turn may interact with a laminar boundary layer. Such an interaction can quickly cause flow separation, which is highly detrimental to aircraft performance, and poses a threat to safety. In order to diminish the shock induced separation, the boundary layer at the point of interaction should be turbulent. The main objective of the TFAST project is to study the effect of transition location on the structure of interaction. The main question is how close the induced transition may be to the shock wave while still maintaining a typical turbulent character of interaction. The main study cases - shock waves on wings/profiles, turbine and compressor blades and supersonic intake flows - will help to answer open questions posed by the aeronautics industry and to tackle more complex applications. In addition to basic flow configurations, transition control methods (stream-wise vortex generators and electro-hydrodynamic actuators) will be investigated for controlling transition location, interaction induced separation and inherent flow unsteadiness. TFAST for the first time will provide a characterization and selection of appropriate flow control methods for transition induction as well as physical models of these devices. Emphasis will be placed on closely coupled experiments and numerical investigations to overcome weaknesses in both approaches.
The key objective of the TROPOS project is the development of a floating modular multi-use platform system for use in deep waters, with an initial geographic focus on the Mediterranean, Tropical and Sub-Tropical regions but designed to be flexible enough not to be limited in geographic scope. The TROPOS approach is centered on the modular development where different types of modules can be combined as appropriate in each area. In this way, the TROPOS multi-use platform system is able to integrate a range of functions from the transport, energy, aquaculture and leisure sectors, in a greater number of geographical areas than if it was a set platform design. This subsequently provides greater opportunities for profitability. The TROPOS design will focus on a floating multi-purpose structure able to operate in, and exploit, deep waters, where fixed structures such as those piled in the seabed are not feasible. The multi-use platforms developed from the concept designs will have the potential to provide European coastal regions with appropriate aquaculture systems, innovative transport services as well as leisure and offshore energy solutions. The main S/T objectives of the project are: - To determine, based on both numerical and physical modeling, the optimal locations for multi-use offshore platforms in Mediterranean, sub-tropical and tropical latitudes - To research the relations between oceanic activities, including wind energy, aquaculture, transport solutions for shipping, and other additional services - To develop novel, cost-efficient and modular multi-use platform designs, that enable optimal coupling of the various services and activities - To study the logistical requirements of the novel multi-use platform - To assess the economic feasibility and viability of the platform - To develop a comprehensive environmental impact methodology and assessment - To configure at least three complete solutions, for the Mediterranean, Sub-tropical and tropical areas
The TARGETS proposal has been initiated in response to the COOPERATION work programme of the European Commission, Theme 7, Transport and Aeronautics. In particular, it addresses area SST.2010.1.1-2 / Energy Efficient Ships, in that it seeks to provide substantial improvements to ship energy consumption during the operation of cargo vessels. The prime goal of TARGETS - Targeted Advanced Research for Global Efficiency of Transportation Shipping - is a global analysis of the most important causes of energy consumption on board of cargo ships in a comprehensive and holistic approach. Having identified resistance and propulsion aspects as primary causes of energy consumption, work will be dedicated to the improvement of such characteristics. In addition, a global energy consumption simulation system will be developed to be applied during new vessel design as well as during operation. Assembling leading European fluid dynamics and energy specialists and major EU shipping operators covering a broad range of cargo transport operations, containers, bulk and tanker, the TARGETS project will contribute designs, tools and operational guidelines for an energy efficient operation of cargo ships, and hence make a significant contribution to the reduction of green house gas emissions.
FIRST will deliver key enabling technologies for combustion emission reduction by developing improved design tools and techniques for modelling and controlling fuel sprays and soot. Aviation's environmental impact must be reduced to allow sustainable growth to benefit European industry and society. This is captured in ACARE's 2020 goals of reducing CO2 by 50Prozent, NOx by 80Prozent and in SRA1/2 proposed reductions in soot and development of alternative fuels. CFD tools are essential to design combustors for emissions, soot, thermo-acoustic noise, flame stability, cooling and the outlet temperature profile. The two most significant gaps in today's CFD capability are fuel injector spray and soot modelling. The fuel injector is critical to the design of low emission combustors. By understanding and controlling the complex physics of fuel atomisation and mixing, the emissions performance can be directly improved. CFD simulations have for many years relied upon over-simplistic definition of the fuel spray. The availability of methods developed in the automotive industry and faster computers make their application to aero-engines timely. The FIRST project will deliver a step change in the detail and accuracy of the fuel spray boundary conditions; through novel physics based modelling techniques, advanced diagnostic measurements and the derivation of sophisticated correlations. CFD computations of the combustion system also provide the information needed to allow soot emissions to be controlled and minimised. These calculations require the improved fuel spray boundary condition described but also need higher fidelity physical and chemical models describing the soot production and consumption processes. FIRST will deliver improved CFD soot models, enabling the reduction of soot in aero-engine combustors. The design of future alternative fuels will be enhanced by FIRST by performing predictions and measurements of both fuel sprays and soot across a number of alternative fuels.
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