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Pilotstudie fuer die Entwicklung von Geraeten zur Bewuchsbekaempfung mittels Reinigung von Schiffen im Hamburger Hafen

Wirkung von Fällmitteln auf Sedimentation, Biozönose und Physiologie von Belebtschlämmen

Modellierung anaerober Umsetzungsprozesse mit dem Anaerobic Digestion Modell No. 1 (ADM1)

Für die mathematische Beschreibung anaerober Prozesse wurde von der IWA das Anaerobic Digestion Modell No. 1 (ADM1) entwickelt. Das ADM1 berücksichtigt einen allgemein gültigen Satz von Substraten und biochemischen Prozessen und wurde zunächst für die anaerobe Schlammstabilisierung entwickelt. Für die kinetischen Parameter werden Größenordnungen vorgegeben, die jedoch hohe Schwankungen aufweisen. Kalibrierte Stoffdaten und Angaben für die Zulaufcharakterisierung und -fraktionierung unterschiedlicher Abwässer fehlen. Eine Abbildung von reaktorspezifischen Bedingungen zur Behandlung industrieller Abwässer (z.B. für UASB-Reaktoren oder EGSB-Systeme) erfordert den Aufbau von mehrstufigen angepassten Modellen, die neben dem vierstufigen Prozess auch die entsprechenden verfahrenstechnischen Stufen abbilden. Die Ziele des Vorhabens sind:1.Modellentwicklung für verfahrenstechnische Varianten der anaeroben Industrieabwasserbehandlung zur verbesserten Abbildung aller Umsetzungsprozesse (z.B. UASB-Reaktor, zweistufiger Prozess; Verlängerungsphase des Antrages: EGSB-Reaktors, Modellkalibrierung, Übertragbarkeit auf großtechnische Anlagen),2. Bestimmung der wesentlichen Modellparameter und ihren Schwankungsbreiten durch Sensitivitätsanalysen, Kalibrierung und Validierung der Modelle mit Daten aus anaeroben Batchuntersuchungen und kontinuierlich betriebenen anaeroben Laborversuchen,3. Ermittlung von abwasser- und biomassenspezifischen Stoffdaten für eine Fraktionierung der Inhaltsstoffe industrieller Abwässer und von kinetischen Parametern der Biomasse im Rahmen von Laboruntersuchungen zur Anpassung des ADM1.

Automatisierte Fouling-Entfernung von Schiffsrümpfen mittels Laserstrahlung unter Wasser, Vorhaben: Modularer Dioden-Linienlaser im blauen Spektralbereich mit 4 kW Ausgangsleistung zur Fouling-Entfernung unter Wasser

Dissolved methane concentration variability along freshwater-sea continuum at Cuxhaven, northern Germany, 2021

The dataset is about temporal variability of dissolved methane along the freshwater-sea continuum in northern Germany. Sensors were installed at fixed stations at in total three sites at different water depths. This dataset is from the station in Cuxhaven (53.8771 N, 8.7048 E) taken at about 2-7m depth (depending on the tide). The data was obtained between 11 April and 28 August 2021 in high frequency measurements (1 min) with a methane sensor from Kongsberg (4H Jena model CONTROS HydroC CH4). Methane concentrations were calculated according to manufacturer's instructions, based on temperature and salinity values from COSYNA Container Cuxhaven. For the quality control of the data a local range of 0.1 – 1000 nmol/L was set, a technical range for the pump power 2 – 8 Watt, a spike and gradient value of 1. Due to heavy biofouling the external pump of the sensor failed, resulting in data gaps. For a more detailed description see the article cited in References.

Continuous turbidity observations near DynaCom experimental in the back-barrier tidal flat, Spiekeroog, Germany, 2018-09 to 2023-09

Data presented here were collected between September 2018 to September 2023 within the research unit DynaCom (Spatial community ecology in highly dynamic landscapes: From island biogeography to metaecosystems) involving the Universities of Oldenburg, Göttingen, and Münster, the iDiv Leipzig and the Nationalpark Niedersächsisches Wattenmeer. Experimental islands and saltmarsh enclosed plots were established in the back-barrier tidal flat and in the saltmarsh zone of the island of Spiekeroog (Germany). To measure local turbidity, a turbidity recorder equipped with a Seapoint® turbidity meter (RBRsolo Tu, RBR Ltd., Ontario/Canada) was installed in the back-barrier tidal flat near the experimental islands in a shallow tidal creek (0.9 m NHN). Another one was installed at the saltmarsh edge (1.2 m NHN). Both loggers were bottom mounted through a steel girder (buried 0.3 m deep in the sediment) and were positioned 15 cm above sediment surface, as was determined by using a portable differential GPS. This resulted in the sensor falling dry during low tide. The turbidity recorders were pre-calibrated by the manufacturer (Seapoint Sensors, Inc., NH/USA). Recorded data were internally logged and exported using Ruskin software V2.24.3.x (RBR Ltd., Ontario/Canada). Subsequent data processing was done using MATLAB (R2024b). Post-processing and quality control included the removal of (a) low tide data (sensors exposed to air), (b) data covering maintenance activities, (c) data affected by biofouling, and (d) implausible values, i.e. negative values and values exceeding the linear response range of the sensor (1250 NTU). According to manufacturer specifications, the linear measurement range extends up to 1250 NTU, while 750 NTU represent a more conservative estimate of linearity. Therefore, 1250 NTU was adopted as the upper threshold for valid measurements in this dataset.

Continuous current observations near DynaCom experimental islands in the back-barrier tidal flat, Spiekeroog, Germany, 2019-11 to 2023-09

Data presented here were collected between November 2019 to September 2023 within the research unit DynaCom (Spatial community ecology in highly dynamic landscapes: From island biogeography to metaecosystems, https://uol.de/dynacom/ ) involving the Universities of Oldenburg, Göttingen, and Münster, the iDiv Leipzig and the Nationalpark Niedersächsisches Wattenmeer. Experimental islands and saltmarsh enclosed plots were established in the back-barrier tidal flat and in the saltmarsh zone of the island of Spiekeroog (Germany). A recording current meter (RCM; SEAGUARD® Recording Current Meter, Aanderaa Data Instruments AS, Bergen/Norway) was installed in the back-barrier tidal flat near the experimental islands. The sensor was bottom-mounted in a shallow tidal creek (0.59 m NHN) using a steel girder buried in the sediment, which caused the sensor to be exposed during low tide. All low-tide data have been removed from the dataset. The system was equipped with a ZPulse Doppler Current Sensor (DCS), a conductivity sensor, an oxygen optode, and two analogue sensors for chlorophyll-a and turbidity (16445). All sensors were pre-calibrated by the manufacturer. Recorded data were internally logged until readout with the SeaGuard Studio software (V1.5.23). Salinity was derived in the SeaGuard Studio software using temperature-dependent, nonlinear seawater conductivity compensation following the Practical Salinity Scale (PSS-78). Subsequent data processing was done using MATLAB (R2024b). Turbidity and chlorophyll-a data were excluded from the final dataset, as the recorded signals show implausible values and did not pass quality-control criteria. Post-processing and quality control included (a) the removal of low tide data, data covering maintenance activities, and data affected by biofouling, (b) the removal of implausible values, c) an outlier detection using the Hampel filter method, and (d) visual checks. Identified outlier were removed and synchronously removed across all associated parameters of the respective sensor.

Oceanographic data of Time Series Station Spiekeroog for 2009

The Time Series Station Spiekeroog (TSS) was setup in 2002, in the tidal inlet between the East Frisian Islands of Langeoog and Spiekeroog in the Southern German Bight, at position 53°45′01.0″ N, 007°40′16.3″ E. The aim was to ensure the continuous measurement of physical, biological, chemical and meteorological parameters, even under extreme weather conditions such as storms, ice, and storm surges. The TSS was financed as part of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) research unit BioGeoChemistry of Tidal Flats and the Ministry for Science and Culture of the Land of Lower Saxony (MWK). Here, water temperature and conductivity were measured in the year 2009. All raw data were revised and corrected for steps as range, outliers and stationarity checks. Water temperature and conductivity were measured in five different depths (4 m, 5.5 m, 7.5 m, 9.5 m, 11.5 m below MSL). Due to marine biofouling at the sensors and accompanying drift of instruments, the measured water temperature and conductivity data were corrected via linear regression by using reference data. As the water column in this region is well mixed and the water depth of the measurements varies with the tide, data from all five depths were averaged and referenced to a water depth of 4 m. Absolute salinity was derived from conductivity, temperature and pressure data according to TEOS 10. Data were smoothed and a quality flag was assigned for water temperature and salinity. The quality flags refer to the standard for data quality control of SeaDataNet https://www.seadatanet.org/ (0 = raw data, 1 = good data, 2 = probably good data, 3 = questionable data). Water level data for 2009 obtained at TSS are published by Holinde et al. (2015). A detailed description of the Time Series Station Spiekeroog, its structure and instrumentation can be found in Zielinski et al. (2022) and in Reuter et al. (2009).

Oceanographic data of Time Series Station Spiekeroog for 2008

The Time Series Station Spiekeroog (TSS) was setup in 2002, in the tidal inlet between the East Frisian Islands of Langeoog and Spiekeroog in the Southern German Bight, at position 53°45′01.0″ N, 007°40′16.3″ E. The aim was to ensure the continuous measurement of physical, biological, chemical and meteorological parameters, even under extreme weather conditions such as storms, ice, and storm surges. The TSS was financed as part of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) research unit BioGeoChemistry of Tidal Flats and the Ministry for Science and Culture of the Land of Lower Saxony (MWK). Here, water temperature and conductivity were measured in the year 2008. All raw data were revised and corrected for steps as range, outliers and stationarity checks. Water temperature and conductivity were measured in five different depths (4 m, 5.5 m, 7.5 m, 9.5 m, 11.5 m below MSL). Due to marine biofouling at the sensors and accompanying drift of instruments, the measured water temperature and conductivity data were corrected via linear regression by using reference data. As the water column in this region is well mixed and the water depth of the measurements varies with the tide, data from all five depths were averaged and referenced to a water depth of 4 m. Absolute salinity was derived from conductivity, temperature and pressure data according to TEOS 10. Data were smoothed and a quality flag was assigned for water temperature and salinity. The quality flags refer to the standard for data quality control of SeaDataNet https://www.seadatanet.org/ (0 = raw data, 1 = good data, 2 = probably good data, 3 = questionable data). Water level data for 2008 obtained at TSS are published by Holinde et al. (2015). A detailed description of the Time Series Station Spiekeroog, its structure and instrumentation can be found in Zielinski et al. (2022) and in Reuter et al. (2009).

Nährstoffrückgewinnung aus Klärschlamm

Der Abwasserverband Braunschweig optimiert mit einer technischen Innovation die Energiebilanz seiner Kläranlage und gewinnt wertvolle Nährstoffe aus dem Klärschlamm zurück. Das Bundesumweltministerium fördert dieses Vorhaben mit knapp 2 Millionen Euro aus dem Umweltinnovationsprogramm. Ziel des Vorhabens ist eine energetisch optimierte Schlammbehandlung mit erhöhter Faulgasausbeute und damit erhöhter Stromproduktion sowie die Rückgewinnung der Nährstoffe Stickstoff und Phosphor aus dem Abwasser für den späteren Einsatz als Düngemittel. Das Vorhaben leistet somit einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Erhöhung der Energie- und Ressourceneffizienz in der Abwasserwirtschaft und ist insbesondere in Hinblick auf die Nährstoffrückgewinnung auf andere Abwasserbehandlungsanlagen übertragbar. Das jährliche Einsparpotenzial an CO2-Emissionen beträgt circa 430 Tonnen. Zudem führt das Verfahren zu einer Verbesserung der energetischen Bilanz der Kläranlage. Und so funktioniert das neue Verfahren: In einer Zentrifugenanlage wird ausgefaulter Überschussschlamm auf circa 15 Prozent Trockenrückstand entwässert und direkt einer thermischen Desintegration zugeführt, in der mittels Druckhydrolyse eine Erhöhung des abbaubaren Anteils des Schlamms erreicht wird. Damit fällt eine höhere Menge an Faulgas an, gleichzeitig sinkt die zu entsorgende Schlammmenge. Die beim Zentrifugieren anfallende hoch nährstoffreiche Flüssigkeit - das Zentrifugat - wird nacheinander den beiden Nährstoffrückgewinnungsstufen, der Magnesium-Ammonium-Phosphat-Fällung und der Ammoniak-Strippung, zugeführt. Sowohl das dabei gewonnene Magnesium-Ammonium-Phosphat als auch das Ammoniumsulfat sind von hoher Qualität und zum Einsatz als Düngemittel geeignet. Das Bundesumweltministerium fördert mit dem Umweltinnovationsprogramm erstmalige, großtechnische Anwendungen einer innovativen Technologie. Das Vorhaben muss über den Stand der Technik hinausgehen und sollte Demonstrationscharakter haben.

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