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Polysaccharide fucoidan BAM1 and arabinogalactan-protein glycan JIM13 antibody binding in sediment cores from coastal vegetated ecosystems

50-cm deep sediment cores were taken in saltmarsh, seagrass, mangroves and unvegetated areas around the German Bight, Malaysia and Columbia in 2022 and 2023. Up to 3 points per ecosystem were sampled along a transect, in total 93 cores were analysed. Carbohydrates were sequentially extracted using MilliQ-water and 0.3 M EDTA for later analyses. For more specific analysis enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for detection of fucoidan and arabinogalactan-protein glycan as described in the following studies (Vidal-Melgosa et al., 2021 and Cornuault et al., 2014). In short, 100 µL of sediment extracts were added to a pre-coated 96-well plate and incubated overnight at 4°C. The signal was developed using primary antibodies, BAM1 (fucoidan) and JIM13 (arabinogalactan-protein glycan), diluted 1:10 in skim milk PBS solution, followed by anti-rat antibody at a 1:1000 dilution in the same solution. Absorbance was measured at 450 nm using a Spectramax Id3 plate reader (Molecular Devices).

Particulate organic carbon measurements during 24-days of incubations in mesocosm experiments with brown algae

Six mesocosm experiments with specimens of Fucales or Laminariales were conducted across six georegions (3 mesocosms with brown algae, 3 mesocosms without brown algae). Incubations lasted 24 days, followed by a year-long monitoring of incubation water. During the first 12 days, brown algae were maintained in mesocosms adjacent to control mesocosms, with 1 L of water sampled every second day. Half of the mesocosm water was replaced with fresh seawater after each sampling. Environmental conditions and primary productivity of specimens was recorded during the incubation. After 12 days, specimens were removed and incubation continued for another 12 days, maintaing the same sampling routine. At the end of the 24 day- incubation period, long-term monitoring was set-up with 6-10L of incubation water in two different conditions: one exposed to a controlled light cycle at 20°C, the second set in darkness at 4°C with added nutrients (40 µM NO3- and 3µM PO43-). Additional water samples were collected along transects extending from near-shore brown algae poplulations. Water samples were filtered over pre-combusted GFF filters (450°C, 4.5h), and both the filtrate and filters were analysed for dissolved organic carbon (DOC), particulate organic carbon (POC). Fucoidan was quantified in dissolved (>1kDa) fraction and surface active fraction (SAF) (> 1kDa and negative charged fraction purified with anion exchange chromatography) fractions through monosaccharide quantification after acid-hydrolysis (100°C, 24h) using HPAEC-PAD, according to Engel and Händel, 2011. Intact polysaccharides were detected using structure-sensitive monoclonal antibodies (Torode et al., 2015; Vidal-Melgosa et al., 2021). Microbial cells were quantified using DAPI-cell staining and counting. Semi-quantitative measurements of particulate fucoidan were performed via acid hydrolysis of GFF filter pieces, followed by monosaccharide analysis via HPAEC-PAD. Sedimented particles to bottom of mesocosms were scooped out on day 24 for monosaccharide analysis and BAM1 antibody binding specific to fucoidan.

Total carbohydrates quantified in sediment cores from coastal vegetated ecosystems

50-cm deep sediment cores were taken in saltmarsh, seagrass, mangroves and unvegetated areas around the German Bight, Malaysia and Columbia in 2022 and 2023. Up to 3 points per ecosystem were sampled along a transect, in total 93 cores were analysed. Carbohydrates were sequentially extracted using MilliQ-water and 0.3 M EDTA for later analyses. The total carbohydrate content was assessed using the phenol-sulfuric acid assay (Dubois et al., 1956). Briefly, 100 µL of resuspended samples or extracts were mixed with 100 µL of 5% phenol solution, followed by the addition of 500 µL of concentrated sulfuric acid. The reaction mixture was incubated at room temperature for 10 minutes, then further incubated at 30°C for 20 minutes. Absorbance at 490 nm was measured using a Spectramax Id3 plate reader (Molecular Devices) and quantified against a glucose standard curve.

Polysaccharides quantified in sediment cores from coastal vegetated ecosystems

50-cm deep sediment cores were taken in saltmarsh, seagrass, mangroves and unvegetated areas around the German Bight, Malaysia and Columbia in 2022 and 2023. Up to 3 points per ecosystem were sampled along a transect, in total 93 cores were analysed. Carbohydrates were sequentially extracted using MilliQ-water and 0.3 M EDTA for later analyses. Polysaccharides were screened using microarray analysis following the method described by Vidal-Melgosa et al. (2022). Briefly, sediment extracts from MilliQ-water and EDTA were combined in equal volumes, and 30 µL of the mixture was transferred into wells of 384-microwell plates. Two consecutive two-fold dilutions were performed using a printing buffer (55.2% glycerol, 44% water, 0.8% Triton X-100). The plates were then centrifuged at 3,500 × g for 10 minutes at 15 °C. Each microarray was individually probed with a monoclonal antibody (mAb), and binding was detected using a secondary antibody conjugated to alkaline phosphatase. In the presence of its substrate, this reaction produced a colorimetric signal. Developed arrays were scanned at 2400 dots per inch, and binding signal intensity was quantified using Array-Pro Analyzer 6.3 software (Media Cybernetics).

Monosaccharides quantified in sediment cores from coastal vegetated ecosystems

50-cm deep sediment cores were taken in saltmarsh, seagrass, mangroves and unvegetated areas around the German Bight, Malaysia and Columbia in 2022 and 2023. Up to 3 points per ecosystem were sampled along a transect, in total 93 cores were analysed. Carbohydrates were sequentially extracted using MilliQ-water and 0.3 M EDTA for later analyses. Extracts were acid hydrolysed (1 M HCl, 24 h, 100°C) and monosaccharides were analysed using anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD), according to Engel et al., 2011. Briefly, sample analysis was performed using a Dionex ICS-5000+ system with a CarboPac PA10 analytical column (2 × 250 mm) and a CarboPac PA10 guard column (2 × 50 mm). Neutral and amino sugars were separated under isocratic conditions with 18 mM NaOH, while acidic monosaccharides were separated using a gradient up to 200 mM NaCH₃COO.

Chlorophyll a, extracellular polymeric substance concentration and 16S rRNA gene copy numbers in saltmarsh sediments in response to a storm surge

Samples were taken to study the effect of storm surges on ecosystem functioning of salt marsh microbial communities. Sediment samples were collected from experimental salt marsh islands located in the back-barrier tidal flats of Spiekeroog Island, German North Sea (53°45′N, 7°43′E). The islands consist of three elevation zones (0.7 m, 1.0 m, and 1.3 m above mean sea level), corresponding to pioneer zone, lower salt marsh, and upper salt marsh. Six islands were sampled (three initially bare; three transplanted with lower salt marsh sediment and vegetation). Sampling was conducted in September 2022 (pre-disturbance), March 2023 (post-winter storm surges), and August 2023 (recovery phase). Surface sediments (upper 2 cm) were collected using syringe cores. Pooled samples were analyzed for chlorophyll a as a proxy for microphytobenthos biomass using ethanol extraction and spectrophotometric pigment analysis. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were quantified using EDTA extraction followed by phenol–sulfuric acid carbohydrate analysis. DNA was extracted from sediment subsamples using a Qiagen PowerSoil kit. Prokaryotic abundance was estimated by quantitative PCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene (primers 519F/907R), using an Escherichia coli 16S rRNA gene standard curve. The dataset includes chlorophyll a concentrations (µg g⁻¹ dry sediment), EPS carbohydrate concentrations, and prokaryotic 16S rRNA gene copy numbers for all sampling times, elevations, and treatments.

Chlorophyll a, extracellular polymeric substance concentration and 16S rRNA gene copy numbers in sediments in response to a marine heatwave

This dataset originates from a laboratory mesocosm experiment investigating the effects of simulated marine heatwaves (MHWs) on benthic microbial communities from sublittoral sediments of Spiekeroog (Wadden Sea, Germany). Surface sediments were sieved (1 mm) and incubated under controlled light and temperature conditions before exposure to three temperature treatments (19 °C control, 23 °C, and 25 °C). Following a gradual warming phase, MHW conditions were maintained for six days, followed by a recovery phase at ambient temperature. Sediment samples were collected repeatedly throughout the experiment. Surface sediments (upper 2 cm) were collected using syringe cores. Pooled samples were analyzed for chlorophyll a as a proxy for microphytobenthos biomass using ethanol extraction and spectrophotometric pigment analysis. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were quantified using EDTA extraction followed by phenol–sulfuric acid carbohydrate analysis. DNA was extracted from sediment subsamples using a Qiagen PowerSoil kit. Prokaryotic abundance was estimated by quantitative PCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene (primers 519F/907R), using an Escherichia coli 16S rRNA gene standard curve. The dataset includes chlorophyll a concentrations (µg g⁻¹ dry sediment), EPS carbohydrate concentrations, and prokaryotic 16S rRNA gene copy numbers for all sampling times, elevations, and treatments.

Biogeochemical variables from a Multidisciplinary BASS Mesocosm Study at Wilhelmshaven, 2023

This dataset contains biogeochemical variables measured during the same mesocosm experiment at Sea Surface Facility (SURF) in Wilhelmshaven, Germany (53.5148° N, 8.1461° E) in 2023. Variables include surfactants and nutrient concentrations, chlorophyll a, pigments, particulate and dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen, and several other biogeochemical parameters. These data complement the daily averaged physical parameters (PANGAEA DOI: https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.983975) and together support the assessment of ecosystem and biogeochemical dynamics associated with the experiment, as described in the related publication Bibi et al., 2025.

Biopositive Wirkungen der ultravioletten Strahlung

Physiologisch dosierte Bestrahlungen mit ultraviolettem Licht haben guenstige Wirkungen auf das immunologische Abwehrsystem und auf die Kreislaufregulation. Entsprechende Befunde wurden bisher bei Bewohnern einer geriatrischen Einrichtung (Immunologie) und bei Teilnehmern einer koronaren Sportgruppe (Kreislaufmessungen) erhoben.

Untersuchungen zum Einfluss von UV-Strahlung auf das System arktischer Daphnien/Futteralgen in Bezug auf Reproduktion, Schutzmechanismen, Überleben und UV-Toleranz unter Labor- und natürlichen Bedingungen

In dem geplanten Projekt sollen die Auswirkungen von UV-Strahlung sowohl auf Daphnien als auch auf deren Futteralgen untersucht werden. Dies soll Einblicke in die komplexen Wirkweisen von solarer UV-Strahlung auf biotische Systems, wie sie in arktischen Kleingewässern zu finden sind, erlauben. Veränderungen im Wachstum, Protein- und Kohlenhydratgehalt, sowie im Gehalt an Pigmenten, Lipiden und möglicher Schutzsubstanzen (MAAs) der UV-bestrahlten Futteralgen sollen dokumentiert und deren Einfluss auf die UV-Toleranz, die Lebensdauer und die Reproduktionsfähigkeit von Daphnien getestet werden. Schwerpunktmäßig soll die Rolle der in die Fetttröpfchen der Daphnien eingelagerten pflanzlichen Carotinoide und die Lipidreservestoffe der Daphnien untersucht werden. Darüber hinaus soll festgestellt werden, ob der Gehalt an UV-Schutzsubstanzen (Mycosporin like Amino Acids) durch UV-Bestrahlung in den Algen bzw. den Daphnien beeinflusst werden kann. Die im Labor gewonnenen Ergebnisse werden im Freiland unter natürlichen Bedingungen überprüft.

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