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WISE WFD Reference Spatial Datasets reported under Water Framework Directive 2010 - INTERNAL VERSION - version 1.9, Sep. 2025

The dataset contains information on the European river basin districts, the river basin district sub-units, the surface water bodies and the groundwater bodies delineated for the 1st River Basin Management Plans (RBMP) under the Water Framework Directive (WFD) as well as the European monitoring sites used for the assessment of the status of the abovementioned surface water bodies and groundwater bodies. This data set is available only for internal use of the European Commission and the European Environment Agency. Please use the "PUBLIC VERSION": https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/catalogue/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/6b55632c-63df-4542-97f0-363dfb6d3431 for external use. The information was reported to the European Commission under the Water Framework Directive (WFD) reporting obligations. The dataset compiles the available spatial data related to the 1st RBMPs which were due in 2010 (hereafter WFD2010). See http://rod.eionet.europa.eu/obligations/521 for further information on the WFD2010 reporting. It was prepared to support the reporting of the 2nd RBMPs due in 2016 (hereafter WFD2016). See http://rod.eionet.europa.eu/obligations/715 for further information on the WFD2016 reporting. See also https://rod.eionet.europa.eu/obligations/766 for information on the Environmental Quality Standards Directive - Preliminary programmes of measures and supplementary monitoring. The data reported in WFD2010 were updated using data reported in WFD2016, whenever the spatial objects are identical in 2010 and 2016. For WFD2010 objects, some information may be missing, if the objects no longer exist in the 2nd River Basin Management Plans, and were not reported in WFD2016. Where available, spatial data related to the 3rd RBMPs due in 2022 (hereafter WFD2022) was used to update the WFD2016 data. See https://rod.eionet.europa.eu/obligations/780 for further information on the WFD2022 reporting. Note: * This dataset has been reported by the member states. The subsequent QC revealed some problems caused by self-intersections elements. Data in GPKG-format should be processed using QGIS.

GISCO - Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics 2021 (NUTS 2021), May 2021

The 'GISCO NUTS 2021' data set represents the NUTS 2021 regulation and statistical regions by means of multipart polygon, polyline and point topology. The NUTS geographical information is completed by attribute tables and a set of cartographic help lines to better visualize multipart polygonal regions. The NUTS nomenclature is a hierarchical classification of statistical regions defined by Eurostat. The NUTS classification subdivides the EU economic territory into 3 statistical levels. The NUTS 2021 classification has been established through the Commission Delegated Regulation 2019/1755, which entered into force on 8th August 2019 and applies from 1st January 2021. A non official NUTS-like classification has been defined for the EFTA countries and the candidate countries. At present, six scale ranges (100K, 1M, 3M, 10M and 20M, 60M) are maintained in the GISCO geodatabase. The polygon and boundary classes delineate the regions, while the points provide an anchor for each region. Associated tables contain basic information such as the name of the region. The public data set will be available at 1M, 3M, 10M, 20M, 60M, while the full data set at 100K is restricted. The data set covers EU Member States, EFTA countries, EU candidate countries and the UK. Following the departure of the UK from the European Union, the UK is no longer flagged as an EU Member State but retains its place in the NUTS and statistical regions data set. This dataset (NUTS_2021) is derived from the EuroBoundary Map 2020 (EBM2020) from Eurogeographics as well as GISCO NUTS 2016 (from Türkiye). The list of NUTS2021 codes including changes with respect to NUTS2016 is available on https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/345175/629341/NUTS2021.xlsx. The public metadata for NUTS 2021 released by Eurostat is available here: https://gisco-services.ec.europa.eu/distribution/v2/nuts/nuts-2021-metadata.xml. This revision (May 2021) includes minor changes in the dataset such as (see https://gisco-services.ec.europa.eu/distribution/v2/nuts/nuts-2021-release-notes.txt): * 2020-10-05 Point snapping is disabled in all datasets, number of decimals increased for 01M datasets. * 2020-11-18 Inclusion of Jan Mayen and Svalbard in to Norways Statistical Regions. Amendment to Serbia NUTS BN line status. * 2020-12-05 Fixed broken utf-8 encoding. * 2021-03-15 Added LAU 2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2020 * 2021-04-26 Fixed country labels 2001, 2006 (incorrect Kosovo coordinates) IMPORTANT NOTE: Additional information, including the conditions of use and acknowledgement notice is included in the document provided with the dataset "GISCO NUTS 2021 Additional Information.pdf". Public access to this data set is restricted due to intellectual property rights. It shall only be used internally by the EEA, its ETCs and subcontractors working on behalf of the EEA. This metadata has been slightly adapted from the original metadata information provided by Eurostat (European Commission) and is to be used only for internal EEA purposes. An introduction to the NUTS classification is available here: http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/nuts/overview.

WISE WFD Reference Spatial Datasets reported under Water Framework Directive 2016 - INTERNAL VERSION - version 1.7, Jul. 2024

The dataset contains information on the European river basin districts, the river basin district sub-units, the surface water bodies and the groundwater bodies delineated for the 2nd River Basin Management Plans (RBMP) under the Water Framework Directive (WFD) as well as the European monitoring sites used for the assessment of the status of the above mentioned surface water bodies and groundwater bodies. This data set is available only for internal use of the European Commission and the European Environment Agency. Please use the "PUBLIC VERSION": https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/catalogue/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/a0731ebf-6bcc-4afe-bab0-39e7aa88eaba for external use. The information was reported to the European Commission under the Water Framework Directive (WFD) reporting obligations. The dataset compiles the available spatial data related to the 2nd RBMPs due in 2016 (hereafter WFD2016). See http://rod.eionet.europa.eu/obligations/715 for further information on the WFD2016 reporting. See also https://rod.eionet.europa.eu/obligations/766 for information on the Environmental Quality Standards Directive - Preliminary programmes of measures and supplementary monitoring. Where available, spatial data related to the 3rd RBMPs due in 2022 (hereafter WFD2022) was used to update the WFD2016 data. See https://rod.eionet.europa.eu/obligations/780 for further information on the WFD2022 reporting.

WISE WFD Reference Spatial Datasets reported under Water Framework Directive 2022 - INTERNAL VERSION - version 1.9, Sep. 2025

The dataset contains information on the European river basin districts, the river basin district sub-units, the surface water bodies and the groundwater bodies delineated for the 3rd River Basin Management Plans (RBMP) under the Water Framework Directive (WFD) as well as the European monitoring sites used for the assessment of the status of the above mentioned surface water bodies and groundwater bodies. This data set is available only for internal use of the European Commission and the European Environment Agency. Please enter the publicly available version to access data: https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/catalogue/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/effd82dc-31cb-4bb6-8d8b-572322c124a2 The information was reported to the European Commission under the Water Framework Directive (WFD) reporting obligations. The dataset compiles the available spatial data related to the 3rd RBMPs due in 2022 (hereafter WFD2022). See http://rod.eionet.europa.eu/obligations/780 for further information on the WFD2022 spatial reporting. Note: * This dataset has been reported by the member states. The subsequent QC revealed some problems caused by self-intersections elements. Data in GPKG-format should be processed using QGIS.

WISE WFD Reference Spatial Datasets reported under Water Framework Directive 2016 - INTERNAL VERSION - version 1.9, Sep. 2025

The dataset contains information on the European river basin districts, the river basin district sub-units, the surface water bodies and the groundwater bodies delineated for the 2nd River Basin Management Plans (RBMP) under the Water Framework Directive (WFD) as well as the European monitoring sites used for the assessment of the status of the above mentioned surface water bodies and groundwater bodies. This data set is available only for internal use of the European Commission and the European Environment Agency. Please use the "PUBLIC VERSION": https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/catalogue/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/6f122aa0-5677-47c3-a081-f6b14b87d81b for external use. The information was reported to the European Commission under the Water Framework Directive (WFD) reporting obligations. The dataset compiles the available spatial data related to the 2nd RBMPs due in 2016 (hereafter WFD2016). See http://rod.eionet.europa.eu/obligations/715 for further information on the WFD2016 reporting. See also https://rod.eionet.europa.eu/obligations/766 for information on the Environmental Quality Standards Directive - Preliminary programmes of measures and supplementary monitoring. Where available, spatial data related to the 3rd RBMPs due in 2022 (hereafter WFD2022) was used to update the WFD2016 data. See https://rod.eionet.europa.eu/obligations/780 for further information on the WFD2022 reporting. Note: * This dataset has been reported by the member states. The subsequent QC revealed some problems caused by self-intersections elements. Data in GPKG-format should be processed using QGIS.

Menschliches Bioklima in der Arktis im Zeitalter des Klimawandels

Der Klimawandel hat in der Arktis weitreichende direkte und indirekte Auswirkungen auf die Gesundheit der indigene und nicht-indigene Bevölkerung. Die Klima- und Wetterbedingungen der nördlichen Breiten und die jüngsten dramatischen Klimaveränderungen führen zu Temperaturextremen, die sich auf die soziale und wirtschaftliche Struktur der städtischen und ländlichen Gebiete auswirken werden. Eine eingehende Analyse dieser Veränderungen sollte sich sowohl mit den spezifischen natürlichen und sozialen Merkmalen befassen als auch mit den Anliegen der indigenen Bevölkerung. Das menschliche Wohlbefinden im Kontext von Klima- und Wetterextremen lässt sich mit dem Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) erfassen. Während die Lufttemperatur allein ein guter Indikator für die aktuellen und zukünftigen Wetter- und Klimabedingungen ist, kann das Wohlbefinden durch starke Winde und hohe Luftfeuchtigkeit beeinflusst werden. Gerade in Küstengebieten verschärfen sich die klimatischen Situationen im Winter durch das Zusammenspiel von Wind und Kälte. Das Projekt zielt darauf ab, die aktuellen bioklimatischen Bedingungen zu identifizieren und mittels dem UTCI zu bewerten. Der Schwerpunkt liegt auf der thermischen Belastung für den menschlichen Körper und der Bewertung der sozialen Anfälligkeit, die sich aus den rezenten extremen klimatischen Schwankungen in der Arktis ergeben. Es werden auch die positiven Folgen der globalen Klimaerwärmung und der gesellschaftliche Nutzen aus diesen Veränderungen der nördlichen Breitengrade diskutiert. Zur Bestimmung der sozialen Verwundbarkeit und der sozialen Sensibilität und Anpassungsfähigkeit in den nördlichen Breiten berechnen wir den Social Vulnerability Index (SVI). Die SVI konkretisiert die sozialen Probleme, die sich aus dem fortschreitenden Klimawandel ergeben und liefert Erkenntnisse für die Entwicklung von Anpassungsstrategien in dieser Region. Um sich in die regionalen Details des SVI zu vertiefen, wird das sozioökonomische Umfeld der Gemeinden im Norden Norwegens als Fallstudie betrachtet. Die Ergebnisse des Projekts können als nützliches Instrument zur Minimierung von Bevölkerungsverlusten und zur Gewährleistung der sozialen Sicherheit in der Arktis dienen und politischen Entscheidungsträgern eine solide wissenschaftliche Grundlage für die Prävention und Eindämmung von Klimakatastrophen bieten, was für die Menschen in den nördlichen Gebieten äußerst wichtig ist in Zeiten des Klimawandels.

Überprüfung von Treibhausgasinventaren im Rahmen von Reviews unter der Klimarahmenkonvention: Finnland, Großbritannien, Kanada, Litauen, Niederlande, Norwegen, Schweden, Spanien, Tschechische Republik, Ungarn

Funktionen und Leistungen der Landwirtschaft und deren Wert für die Gesellschaft

Die Landwirtschaft erbringt verschiedenste Funktionen bzw. Leistungen, die weit über die Bewirtschaftung der landwirtschaftlichen Fläche und die Produktion von Lebensmitteln hinausgehen. Zusätzlich zur reinen Agrarproduktion bzw. Produktion marktfähiger Güter produzieren landwirtschaftliche Betriebe eine Reihe von Produkten und Dienstleistungen (sogenannte non-commodity outputs bzw. Nicht-Marktgüter), die unterschiedliche Elemente der 'Multifunktionalität' in der Landwirtschaft darstellen (OECD, 2001). Diese vielfältigen Produkte und Dienstleistungen haben oft die Eigenschaften öffentlicher Güter. Um den gesellschaftlichen Wert, der mit den unterschiedlichen Funktionen bzw. Leistungen landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe verbunden ist, einschätzen zu können, kann die Multifunktionalität im Kontext von (positiven und negativen) externen Effekten betrachtet werden. Als Nebenprodukte oder Wirkungen der landwirtschaftlichen Produktion bzw. der Tätigkeiten landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe sind diese externen Effekte gesellschaftlich relevant. Im Laufe der Reformen der Gemeinsamen Agrarpolitik (GAP) wurde dem Umstand der non-commodity outputs bzw. positiven und negativen externen Effekten der Landwirtschaft zunehmend Rechnung getragen, insbesondere im Rahmen der Programme zur Ländlichen Entwicklung. Im Zuge dessen werden auch bestimmte überbetriebliche Leistungen und Funktionen landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe (z.B. Landschaftspflege, umweltrelevante Aktivitäten, ökologische oder infrastrukturelle Funktionen etc.) als Wert für die Gesellschaft anerkannt. Damit bei der weiteren Ausgestaltung von Instrumenten und Maßnahmen der GAP überbetriebliche Leistungen und Funktionen landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe miteinbezogen werden können, sind diese Leistungen und Funktionen zu erfassen sowie ihr gesellschaftlicher Wert zu ermitteln. Ziel des Forschungsprojektes, das von der Technischen Universität München koordiniert wird, ist eine umfassende Analyse der Funktionen und Leistungen landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe bzw. ihrer positiven und negativen externen Effekte sowie eine Quantifizierung des gesellschaftlichen Wertes von Aspekten der Landwirtschaft. Jene Leistungen der Betriebe für die Gesellschaft, die über die reine landwirtschaftliche Produktion hinausgehen, sind zu bestimmen und zu bewerten. Im Rahmen des Projektes werden Literaturstudien erarbeitet und empirische Untersuchungen durchgeführt. Laut Technischer Universität München sollen bei der empirischen Analyse die kausalen Effekte der Landwirtschaft und die gesellschaftliche Bewertung dieser Effekte in einer integrierten Weise ermittelt werden. Die Quantifizierung des gesellschaftlichen Wertes von Aspekten der Landwirtschaft soll für bestimmte Regionen erfolgen (geplant sind Bayern, Österreich, Südtirol, Norwegen). Dafür werden Befragungen in den Regionen sowie die Erarbeitung eines entsprechenden Datenpools durchgeführt. (Text gekürzt)

WISE WFD Reference Spatial Datasets reported under Water Framework Directive 2010 - PUBLIC VERSION - version 1.9, Sep. 2025

The dataset contains information on the European river basin districts, the river basin district sub-units, the surface water bodies and the groundwater bodies delineated for the 1st River Basin Management Plans (RBMP) under the Water Framework Directive (WFD) as well as the European monitoring sites used for the assessment of the status of the abovementioned surface water bodies and groundwater bodies. The information was reported to the European Commission under the Water Framework Directive (WFD) reporting obligations. The dataset compiles the available spatial data related to the 1st RBMPs which were due in 2010 (hereafter WFD2010). See http://rod.eionet.europa.eu/obligations/521 for further information on the WFD2010 reporting. It was prepared to support the reporting of the 2nd RBMPs due in 2016 (hereafter WFD2016). See http://rod.eionet.europa.eu/obligations/715 for further information on the WFD2016 reporting. See also https://rod.eionet.europa.eu/obligations/766 for information on the Environmental Quality Standards Directive - Preliminary programmes of measures and supplementary monitoring. The data reported in WFD2010 were updated using data reported in WFD2016, whenever the spatial objects are identical in 2010 and 2016. For WFD2010 objects, some information may be missing, if the objects no longer exist in the 2nd River Basin Management Plans, and were not reported in WFD2016. Where available, spatial data related to the 3rd RBMPs due in 2022 (hereafter WFD2022) was used to update the WFD2016 data. See https://rod.eionet.europa.eu/obligations/780 for further information on the WFD2022 reporting. Note: * This dataset has been reported by the member states. The subsequent QC revealed some problems caused by self-intersections elements. Data in GPKG-format should be processed using QGIS.

WISE WFD Reference Spatial Datasets reported under Water Framework Directive 2016 - PUBLIC VERSION - version 1.9, Sep. 2025

The dataset contains information on the European river basin districts, the river basin district sub-units, the surface water bodies and the groundwater bodies delineated for the 2nd River Basin Management Plans (RBMP) under the Water Framework Directive (WFD) as well as the European monitoring sites used for the assessment of the status of the above mentioned surface water bodies and groundwater bodies. The information was reported to the European Commission under the Water Framework Directive (WFD) reporting obligations. The dataset compiles the available spatial data related to the 2nd RBMPs due in 2016 (hereafter WFD2016). See http://rod.eionet.europa.eu/obligations/715 for further information on the WFD2016 reporting. See also https://rod.eionet.europa.eu/obligations/766 for information on the Environmental Quality Standards Directive - Preliminary programmes of measures and supplementary monitoring. Where available, spatial data related to the 3rd RBMPs due in 2022 (hereafter WFD2022) was used to update the WFD2016 data. See https://rod.eionet.europa.eu/obligations/780 for further information on the WFD2022 reporting. Note: * This dataset has been reported by the member states. The subsequent QC revealed some problems caused by self-intersections elements. Data in GPKG-format should be processed using QGIS.

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