Die Abhaengigkeit der Rate chemo- und strahleninduzierter Mutationen in Keimzellen der Maus von verschiedenen biologischen Faktoren und unterschiedlichen Behandlungsbedingungen wird untersucht. Die Kenntnis dieser Zusammenhaenge verbessert die Extrapolationsmoeglichkeiten der Tierversuche fuer die Beurteilung des genetischen Risikos von physikalischen und chemischen Noxen fuer den Menschen. Zur Abschaetzung des genetischen Risikos fuer den Menschen ist ausserdem die Kenntnis notwendig, in welchem Verhaeltnis zueinander dominante und rezessive Genmutationen, Stoffwechselmutationen und erbliche Trtanslokationen induziert werden. In einem koordinierten Versuch wird deshalb die Wirkung von Aethylnitrosoharnstoff auf die verschiedenen genetischen Endpunkte untersucht.
Research in 'silviculture' and 'forest economics' very often takes place largely independent from each other. While silviculture predominantly focuses on ecological aspects, forest eco-nomics is sometimes very theoretic. The applied bioeconomic models often lack biological realism. Investigating mixed forests this proposal tries to improve bioeconomic modelling and optimisation under uncertainty. The hypothesis is tested whether or not bioeconomic model-ling of interacting tree species and risk integration would implicitly lead to close-to-nature forestry. In a first part, economic consequences of interdependent tree species mixed at the stand level are modelled. This part is based on published literature, an improved model of timber quality and existing data on salvage harvests. A model of survival over age is then to be developed for mixed stands. A second section then builds upon data generated in part one and concentrates on the simultaneous optimisation of species proportions and harvest-ing ages. It starts with a mean-variance optimisation as a reference solution. The obtained results are compared with data from alternative approaches as stochastic dominance, down-side risk and information-gap robustness.
Background: Ghanas transition forests, neighbouring savannahs and timber plantations in the Ashanti region face a constant degradation due to the increased occurrence of fires. In most cases the fires are deliberately set by rural people for hunting purposes. Main target is a cane rat, here called grasscutter (Thryonomys swinderianus), whose bushmeat is highly esteemed throughout the country. The animal is a wild herbivorous rodent of subhumid areas in Africa south of the Sahara. The grasscutter meat is an important source of animal protein. Existing high-value timber plantations (mainly Teak, Tectona grandis) are affected by fires for hunting purposes. Thus resulting in growth reduction, loss of biomass or even complete destruction of the forest stands. It became obvious that solutions had to be sought for the reduction of the fire risk. Objectives: Since 2004 the Institute for World Forestry of the Federal Research Centre for Forestry and Forest Products, Hamburg, Germany is cooperating with a Ghanaian timber plantation company (DuPaul Wood Treatment Ltd.) the German Foundation for Forest Conservation in Africa (Stiftung Walderhaltung in Afrika) and the Center for International Migration with the purpose to improve the livelihood of the rural population in the surroundings of the forest plantation sites and simultaneously to safeguard and improve the timber plantations. The introduction of grasscutter rearing systems to local farmers accompanied by permanent agricultural and agroforestry practices appeared to be a promising approach for the prevention of fires in the susceptible areas. Additionally a functioning grasscutter breeding system could contribute to the improvement of food security, development of income sources and the alleviation of poverty. The following measures are implemented: - Identification of farmers interested in grasscutter captive breeding, - Implementation of training courses for farmers on grasscutter rearing, - Delivery of breeding animals, - Supervision of rearing conditions by project staff, - Development of a local extension service for monitoring activities, - Evaluation of structures for grasscutter meat marketing. Results: After identification of key persons for animal rearing training courses were successfully passed and animals were delivered subsequently. Further investigations will evaluate the effects of the grasscutter rearing in the project region. This will be assessed through the - Acceptance of grasscutter rearing by farmers, - Success of the animal caging, - Reproduction rate, - Meat quality, - Marketing success of meat, - Reduction of fire in the vicinity of the timber plantations, - Improvement of peoples livelihood.
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Der Kartenlayer Mittlere Wahrscheinlichkeit NRW (HQ100) beinhaltet: - Flächennutzung im überschwemmten Bereich - Überschwemmungsgrenzen - Anzahl der betroffenen Einwohner im überschwemmten Bereich ohne techn. Hochwasserschutz pro Ortslage
Der Kartenlayer Niedrige Wahrscheinlichkeit (HQ500) beinhaltet: - Flächennutzung im überschwemmten Bereich - Überschwemmungsgrenzen - Anzahl der betroffenen Einwohner im überschwemmten Bereich ohne techn. Hochwasserschutz pro Ortslage
Der Kartenlayer Hohe Wahrscheinlichkeit (HQ10-HQ50) beinhaltet: - Flächennutzung im überschwemmten Bereich - Überschwemmungsgrenzen - Anzahl der betroffenen Einwohner im überschwemmten Bereich ohne techn. Hochwasserschutz pro Ortslage
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