Other language confidence: 0.943835562190134
The Quaternary Drilling at the Rehhag under the supervision of members of the Institut für Geologie (QDR-RE-IfG) was interested in the unconsolidated sediment infill of a bedrock trough in the Northern Alpine Foreland (NAF). Such bedrock troughs, now hidden beneath their sediment infill and/or in lakes, occur in formerly and currently glaciated areas, and are linked to increased glacial erosion. The base of these bedrock troughs is located beneath today's base level, which puts them beyond fluvial erosion, and this is why they are referred to as over-deepenings. Such overdeepenings can be found in the vicinity of the Alps which includes the NAF. After the formation or re-occupation of such overdeepenings by glacier ice these troughs provide accommodation space for the deposition of sediments. Hence, overdeepenings are likely to preserve sediments through glacial-interglacial cycles. As erosive agents, glaciers re-shape landscapes, and excavate and re-use sediments of previous glaciations which makes the preservation of intact sedimentary sequences through multiple glacial cycles unlikely. These repeated cut-and-fill cycles limit the Quaternary sedimentary record and make the investigation of the number and chronology of Quaternary glacial-interglacial cycles difficult. Overdeepenings, however, can preserve fractionated and probably intact sedimentary sequences throughout multiple glaciations. Hence, accessing the sediment infill of overdeepened bedrock troughs through core drillings provides insight into phases of the Quaternary at locations where formerly little information was available. To gain new insight into the Mid- to Late-Pleistocene sedimentary record in the Bern area (Switzerland) the drilling QDR-RE-IfG was conducted in Bern-Bümpliz, where a minor branch of the Aare Valley overdeepening is located in which Quaternary sediments at least 150 ka in age were expected. In Bern-Bümpliz, at the Rehhag, the uppermost 30 m of the sedimentary succession are accessible in an abandoned clay pit. The drilling reached 211.5 m driller's depth, recovering 208.5 m of unconsolidated sediment and, below a sharp contact, 3 m of Miocene Molasse bedrock. The recovery of intact core from unconsolidated sediment is challenging. Nevertheless, 92.3% of the core material was recovered in 1 m-long plastic liners in pristine condition. As the drilling reached the bedrock it is the first scientific drilling that recovered the full sedimentary suite in a part of the Aare Valley overdeepening. Within the sedimentary succession two sequences (A = lower, B = upper) were identified. Each of the sequences is initiated by the deposition of glacial till that is overlain by lacustrine or glacio-lacustrine sediments. First luminescence ages indicate a depositional age between 250 and 340 ka for sequence B. The drill core was transported from the drill site to the Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, where it was analyzed and sampled. The first step in the analysis was scanning the whole core contained in the liners on a Multi Sensor Core Logger (MSCL; Geotek Ltd.) which provided measurements of the core (γ-)density, p-wave velocity and magnetic susceptibility. The liners were then opened under light sensitive conditions, the cores split in half to allow their macroscopic description, and one half was sealed from light and other alterating influences. After the description, the core was documented with a digital line scanner on the MSCL. After the documentation, a vane meter was used to determine the shear strength of the material and samples for pollen analysis, analysis of the carbon content, provenance analysis, and the measurement of cosmogenic nuclides 10Be and 26Al were extracted. This report provides limited information about the drilling operation, describes the available datasets form scanning and sample analysis, and the results of the first data processing as well as the tools used in the data analysis.
These data are supplementary material to “Bedrock Geology of DFDP-2B, Central Alpine Fault, New Zealand” (Toy et al., 2017, http://doi.org/10.1080/00288306.2017.1375533). The data tables SF3 and SF4 are provided as well as Excel as well as CSV and PDF versions (in the zip folder). The table numbers below are referring to Toy et al. (2017): Toy_SF1.pdf (Data Description): Supplementary Data to “Bedrock Geology of DFDP-2B, Central Alpine Fault, New Zealand”, including supplementary methods, Information on reference frames and corrections, and protocols for thin section preparation and scanning electron microscopic analyses. Toy_SF2: Table S1. Time vs. depth during drilling, with lag dip corrections Toy_SF3: Table S2. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) data acquired using a TESCAN Integrated Mineral Analyzer (TIMA) and phases detected by mineral liberation analysis (MLA) Toy_SF4: Table S3. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) grain sizes.
The Drilling the Ivrea-Verbano zonE (DIVE) project, run as ICDP expedition 5071, aims at studying the lower continental crust (LCC) towards and across the Moho transition zone. The study area provides unique access to a section of the LCC with well-preserved structural relationships. Two drilling targets were selected from this zone for scientific investigations, which, in combination, reveal significant aspects of its geologic history. The goals of the project are primarily petrological-geochemical, geophysical, structural, microbiological, and focusing on natural gases. Two boreholes have been successfully drilled in project DIVE 1: first 5071_1_B near Ornavasso in 2022, then 5071_1_A in Megolo in 2023-2024. This data publication provides the operational dataset of the ICDP project DIVE (ICDP 5071). The dataset is documented by the Explanatory Remarks (https://doi.org/10.48440/ICDP.5071.002).
The Collisional Orogeny in the Scandinavian Caledonides (COSC) scientific drilling project focuses on mountain building processes in a major mid-Paleozoic orogen in western Scandinavia and its comparison with modern analogues. The transport and emplacement of subduction-related highgrade continent-ocean transition (COT) complexes onto the Baltoscandian platform and their influence on the underlying allochthons and basement is being studied in a section provided by two fully cored 2.5 km deep drill holes. These operational data sets concern the second drill site, COSC-2 (boreholes ICDP 5054-2-A and 5054-2-B), drilled from mid April to early August 2020. COSC-2 is located approximately 20 km eastsoutheast of COSC-1, close to the southern shore of Lake Liten between Järpen and Mörsil in Jämtland, Sweden. COSC-2 drilling started at a tectonostratigraphic level slightly below that at COSC-1’s total depth. It has sampled the Lower Allochthon, the main Caledonian décollement and the underlying basement of the Fennoscandian Shield, including its Neoproterozoic and possibly older sedimentary cover. COSC-2 A reached 2276 m driller's depth with nearly 100 % core recovery between 100 m and total depth. COSC-2 B, with a driller’s depth of 116 m, covers the uppermost part of the section that was not cored in COSC-2 A. The operational data sets include the drill core documentation from the drilling information system (mDIS), full round core scans, MSCL data sets, a preliminary core description and the geophysical downhole logging data that were acquired during and subsequent to the drilling operations. All downhole logs and core depth were subject to depth correction to a common depth master (cf. operational report for detailed information). The COSC-2 drill core is archived at the Core Repository for Scientific Drilling at the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Wilhelmstr. 25–30, 13593 Berlin (Spandau), Germany.
The overarching goal of the Drilling Overdeepened Alpine Valleys (DOVE) project will be to date the age and extent of past glaciations. Formerly-glaciated areas are often characterized by deeply incised structures, often filled by Quaternary deposits. These buried troughs and valleys were formed by glacial overdeepening, likely caused by pressurized subglacial meltwater below warm-based glaciers. Results of this drilling campaign, supported by new dating technologies, will further provide critical data on 'how' and 'at which rate' glacial erosion affects such mountain ranges and their foreland. These processes are also of fundamental importance for evaluating the safety of radioactive waste disposal sites, which are planned in areas of former glaciations. Moreover, results of this project will fill gaps in the knowledge of paleoclimate and atmospheric circulation patterns during past glacial epochs and how these patterns affected ice build-up. The operational data sets include the drill core documentation from the mobile Drilling Information System (mDIS), full round core scans, MSCL data sets, a preliminary core description and the geophysical downhole logging data that were acquired during and subsequent to the drilling operations. All downhole logs and core depth were subject to depth correction to a common depth master (cf. operational report for detailed information). The data are described by two scientific reports, the Operational Report (https://doi.org/10.48440/ICDP.5068.001) and the Explanatory Remarks on the Operational Datasets (https://doi.org/10.48440/ICDP.5068.002).
The 50 km long KTB Line 2 was recorded in 1985 as part of deep seismic reflection investigations for the DEKORP (German Continental Seismic Reflection Program) and KTB (German Continental Deep Drilling Program) projects. The network of lines consists of two DEKORP profiles, DEKORP 4N and its appendix 4Q, and six shorter KTB profiles, KTB 8501 – 8506, arranged in the form of a grid parallel and perpendicular to the main tectonic lineaments. The purpose of the investigations was to explore the planned target area for the Continental Deep Drilling Site in the Upper Palatinate with high-fold near-vertical incidence vibroseis acquisition. The main focus was on the crustal structure of the central Mid-European Variscides down to the Moho and the uppermost mantle and, in particular, on the suture between the Moldanubian Zone and the northward adjacent Saxothuringian Zone as well as on the metamorphic Zone of Erbendorf-Vohenstrauss. The array of the KTB profiles represents the pre-cursor of the 3D seismic survey ISO 1989 (Integrated Seismics Oberpfalz). Details of the experiment, first results and interpretations were published by DEKORP Research Group (1987, 1988). Results discussed together with the drilling site were presented in a number of works which can be found in Emmermann & Wohlenberg (1989). The Technical Report of KTB 8502 gives complete information about acquisition and processing parameters. The European Variscides, extending from the French Central Massif to the East European Platform, originated during the collision between Gondwana and Baltica in the Late Palaeozoic. Due to involvement of various crustal blocks in the orogenesis, the mountain belt is subdivided into distinct zones. The external fold-and-thrust belts of the Rhenohercynian and Saxothuringian as well as the predominantly crystalline body of the Moldanubian dominate the central European segment of the Variscides. Polyphase tectonic deformation, magmatism and metamorphic processes led to a complex interlinking between the units. The Saxothuringian represents the infill of a Cambro-Ordovician basin. The Moldanubian contains blocks of pre-Variscan crust and their Palaezoic cover. During the Variscan orogeny the Moldanubian crust was thrust toward the northwest over the Saxothuringian foreland. Both units were welded to one another by a low-pressure metamorphism accompanied by polyphase deformation (DEKORP Research Group, 1987, 1988). The ENE – WSW striking line KTB 8502 is located normally to the KTB lines 8504, 8505 and 8506 and to DEKORP 4N. The profile runs close to the area of the KTB drill hole, thereby crossing the DEKORP 3D survey ISO 1989. As well as the lines KTB 8501 and 8503 the profile 8502 was arranged parallel to strike, running across the NW-SE directed system of block-faults at the southwestern margin of the Bohemian Massif (DEKORP Research Group, 1988). In the southwest KTB 8502 crosses the Franconian Line, a fault zone which separates the crystalline Bohemian Massif from a foreland. Farther to the northeast KTB 8502 crosses metamorphic nappes and Variscan granites of the Erbendorf-Vohenstrauss Zone.
The 56 km long KTB Line 3 was recorded in 1985 as part of deep seismic reflection investigations for the DEKORP (German Continental Seismic Reflection Program) and KTB (German Continental Deep Drilling Program) projects. The network of lines consists of two DEKORP profiles, DEKORP 4N and its appendix 4Q, and six shorter KTB profiles, KTB 8501 – 8506, arranged in the form of a grid parallel and perpendicular to the main tectonic lineaments. The purpose of the investigations was to explore the planned target area for the Continental Deep Drilling Site in the Upper Palatinate with high-fold near-vertical incidence vibroseis acquisition. The main focus was on the crustal structure of the central Mid-European Variscides down to the Moho and the uppermost mantle and, in particular, on the suture between the Moldanubian Zone and the northward adjacent Saxothuringian Zone as well as on the metamorphic Zone of Erbendorf-Vohenstrauss. The array of the KTB profiles represents the pre-cursor of the 3-D seismic survey ISO 1989 (Integrated Seismics Oberpfalz). Details of the experiment, first results and interpretations were published by DEKORP Research Group (1987, 1988). Results discussed together with the drilling site were presented in a number of works which can be found in Emmermann & Wohlenberg (1989). The Technical Report of KTB 8503 gives complete information about acquisition and processing parameters. The European Variscides, extending from the French Central Massif to the East European Platform, originated during the collision between Gondwana and Baltica in the Late Palaeozoic. Due to involvement of various crustal blocks in the orogenesis, the mountain belt is subdivided into distinct zones. The external fold-and-thrust belts of the Rhenohercynian and Saxothuringian as well as the predominantly crystalline body of the Moldanubian dominate the central European segment of the Variscides. Polyphase tectonic deformation, magmatism and metamorphic processes led to a complex interlinking between the units. The Saxothuringian represents the infill of a Cambro-Ordovician basin. The Moldanubian contains blocks of pre-Variscan crust and their Palaezoic cover. During the Variscan orogeny the Moldanubian crust was thrust toward the northwest over the Saxothuringian foreland. Both units were welded to one another by a low-pressure metamorphism accompanied by polyphase deformation (DEKORP Research Group, 1987, 1988). The WSW – ENE striking line KTB 8503 is located normally to the KTB lines 8504, 8505 and 8506 and to DEKORP 4N running ca. 16 km south of the KTB drill hole. As well as the lines KTB 8501 and 8502 the profile 8503 was arranged parallel to strike running across the NW-SE directed system of block-faults at the southwestern margin of the Bohemian Massif (DEKORP Research Group, 1988). In the southwest KTB 8503 crosses the Franconian Line, a fault zone which separates the crystalline Bohemian Massif from a foreland. Farther to the northeast KTB 8503 runs through metamorphic nappes and Variscan granites of the Erbendorf-Vohenstrauss-Zone.
The 47 km long KTB Line 1 was recorded in 1985 as part of deep seismic reflection investigations for the DEKORP (German Continental Seismic Reflection Program) and KTB (German Continental Deep Drilling Program) projects. The network of lines consists of two DEKORP profiles, DEKORP 4N and its appendix 4Q, and six shorter KTB profiles, KTB 8501 – 8506, arranged in the form of a grid parallel and perpendicular to the main tectonic lineaments. high-fold near-vertical incidence vibroseis acquisition. The main focus was on the crustal structure of the central Mid-European Variscides down to the Moho and the uppermost mantle and, in particular, on the suture between the Moldanubian Zone and the northward adjacent Saxothuringian Zone as well as on the metamorphic Zone of Erbendorf-Vohenstrauss. The array of the KTB profiles represents the pre-cursor of the 3-D seismic survey ISO 1989 (Integrated Seismics Oberpfalz). Details of the experiment, first results and interpretations were published by DEKORP Research Group (1987, 1988). Results discussed together with the drilling site were presented in a number of works which can be found in Emmermann & Wohlenberg (1989). The Technical Report of KTB 8501 gives complete information about acquisition and processing parameters. The European Variscides, extending from the French Central Massif to the East European Platform, originated during the collision between Gondwana and Baltica in the Late Palaeozoic. Due to involvement of various crustal blocks in the orogenesis, the mountain belt is subdivided into distinct zones. The external fold-and-thrust belts of the Rhenohercynian and Saxothuringian as well as the predominantly crystalline body of the Moldanubian dominate the central European segment of the Variscides. Polyphase tectonic deformation, magmatism and metamorphic processes led to a complex interlinking between the units. The Saxothuringian represents the infill of a Cambro-Ordovician basin. The Moldanubian contains blocks of pre-Variscan crust and their Palaezoic cover. During the Variscan orogeny the Moldanubian crust was thrust toward the northwest over the Saxothuringian foreland. Both units were welded to one another by a low-pressure metamorphism accompanied by polyphase deformation (DEKORP Research Group, 1987, 1988). The WSW – ENE striking line KTB 8501 is located ca. 12 km north of the KTB borehole. From southwest to northeast KTB 8501 crosses KTB 8504, DEKORP 4N, KTB 8505 and KTB 8506. As well as the lines KTB 8502 and 8503 the profile 8501 was arranged parallel to strike running across the NW-SE directed system of block-faults at the southwestern margin of the Bohemian Massif (DEKORP Research Group, 1988). The most important tectonic lineament, crossed by KTB 8501, is the NW-trending Franconian Line. The fault zone separates the crystalline Bohemian Massif from the foreland, which is covered by Mesozoic and Upper Palaeozoic sedimentary rocks (DEKORP Research Group, 1987).
The 50 km long KTB Line 4 was recorded in 1985 as part of deep seismic reflection investigations for the DEKORP (German Continental Seismic Reflection Program) and KTB (German Continental Deep Drilling Program) projects. The network of lines consists of two DEKORP profiles, DEKORP 4N and its appendix 4Q, and six shorter KTB profiles, KTB 8501 – 8506, arranged in the form of a grid parallel and perpendicular to the main tectonic lineaments. The purpose of the investigations was to explore the planned target area for the Continental Deep Drilling Site in the Upper Palatinate with high-fold near-vertical incidence vibroseis acquisition. The main focus was on the crustal structure of the central Mid-European Variscides down to the Moho and the uppermost mantle and, in particular, on the suture between the Moldanubian Zone and the northward adjacent Saxothuringian Zone as well as on the metamorphic Zone of Erbendorf-Vohenstrauss. The array of the KTB profiles represents the pre-cursor of the 3-D seismic survey ISO 1989 (Integrated Seismics Oberpfalz). Details of the experiment, first results and interpretations were published by DEKORP Research Group (1987, 1988). Results discussed together with the drilling site were presented in a number of works which can be found in Emmermann & Wohlenberg (1989). The Technical Report of KTB 8504 gives complete information about acquisition and processing parameters. The European Variscides, extending from the French Central Massif to the East European Platform, originated during the collision between Gondwana and Baltica in the Late Palaeozoic. Due to involvement of various crustal blocks in the orogenesis, the mountain belt is subdivided into distinct zones. The external fold-and-thrust belts of the Rhenohercynian and Saxothuringian as well as the predominantly crystalline body of the Moldanubian dominate the central European segment of the Variscides. Polyphase tectonic deformation, magmatism and metamorphic processes led to a complex interlinking between the units. The Saxothuringian represents the infill of a Cambro-Ordovician basin. The Moldanubian contains blocks of pre-Variscan crust and their Palaezoic cover. During the Variscan orogeny the Moldanubian crust was thrust toward the northwest over the Saxothuringian foreland. Both units were welded to one another by a low-pressure metamorphism accompanied by polyphase deformation (DEKORP Research Group, 1987, 1988). The NNW-SSE trending line KTB 8504 runs ca. 15 km southwest from the KTB drill site, nearly parallel to KTB 8505, KTB 8506 and DEKORP 4N and perpendicular to KTB 8501 – 8503. The profile is located southwest of the Franconian Line inside the Permo-Carboniferous and younger sediments of the Mesozoic foreland, which is underlain by a westward continuation of the Erbendorf-Vohenstrauss Zone (DEKORP Research Group, 1988).
This data set was collected in the frame of the ICDP drilling project DIVE (Drilling the Ivrea-Verbano ZonE) to determine the thermal properties of lower crustal lithologies and their variabilities. Two boreholes were drilled, the first 5071_1_B (in Ornavasso, final depth: 578.5 m) intersects the amphibolite-facies metasedimentary succession of the Ivrea-Verbano Zone, and the second borehole 5071_1_A (in Megolo, final depth: 909.5 m) is located within the mafic complex. Thermal properties were measured on fresh drill cores from the two DIVE boreholes and surface samples collected from nearby outcrops. The data set comprises thermal conductivity (TC), thermal diffusivity (TD), and specific heat capacity (Cp) measurements as well as measurements on concentrations of heat producing elements (HPE) Uranium (U), Thorium (Th), and Potassium (K) and the calculated radiogenic heat production (A).
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