Das Ziel dieses Verbundvorhabens ist es, durch eine Vernetzung der führenden Materialforschungsinstitutionen in Deutschland, Kathodenmaterialien für Hochleistungsbatterien durch schnelle Ionentransportvorgänge gezielt zu verbessern. Das langfristige Ziel ist dabei die Integration regenerativer Energieträger, insbesondere der Wind- und Solarenergie, in eine grundlastfähige und witterungsunabhängige Energieversorgung der Zukunft. Die Teilprojekte im Forschungszentrum Jülich konzentrieren sich unter anderem auf die Verbesserung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit der Materialien und die Identifizierung der für die Limitierung des Ladungstransports maßgeblichen Mechanismen. Durch eine Korrelation der Ergebnisse bezüglich der atomistischen und der makroskopischen, elektrochemischen Eigenschaften sollen Wirkungszusammenhänge abgeleitet werden, die eine systematische Materialverbesserung ermöglichen. Im Rahmen der beiden Teilprojekte am Forschungszentrum Jülich werden oxidische Kathodenwerkstoffe mittels nasschemischer Verfahren (IEK-1) und über eine Mischoxidroute (IEK-9) synthetisiert. Die atomistischen Vorgänge werden dabei mittels EPR-Spektroskopie untersucht, während Ladungstransportvorgänge mit Hilfe der NMR-Spektroskopie charakterisiert werden. Die weiterentwickelten Kathodenmaterialien werden für die Herstellung von Batterien verwendet, an denen dann die elektro-chemischen Eigenschaften auf makroskopischer Ebene untersucht werden. Die daraus gewonnenen Erkenntnisse fließen dann in ein sogenanntes Multiskalenmodell ein, welches wiederum zur späteren Herstellung eines Gesamtbauteils verwendet wird.
Übergeordnetes Ziel ist die Bereitstellung verbesserter Kathodenmaterialien für Hochleistungsbatterien hoher spezifischer Energiedichte. Hierzu sind die bei neuen Spinellmaterialien relevanten Limitationen zu identifizieren und die Materialien auf dem Verständnis der in den Spinellen ablaufenden Prozesse zu optimieren. Der Fokus liegt auf der Aufklärung des Wechselspiels zwischen Defekten, die für einen guten ionischen Transport wichtig und durch den zyklischen Li-Aus- und -Wiedereinbau auch unvermeidlich sind. Zu den im Gesamtverbund vorgesehenen 7 Arbeitspaketen wird vorrangig zu AP2 Strukturaufklärung, AP4 magnetische Eigenschaften, AP5 Grenzflächenanalytik und AP7 Elektrochemische Charakterisierung beigetragen. Die methodische Expertise ist vorhanden, so dass mit Projektbeginn Untersuchungen an neuen Spinellen beginnen können. Durch elektrochemische Charakterisierungsverfahren werden die wichtigsten Kenngrößen zur Bewertung des Leistungspotenzials der neuen Materialien zunächst in einem standardisierten Test bestimmt. Aussichtsreiche Kandidaten werden durch eine umfassende Materialanalytik weiter untersucht, um neben den Wirkungsmechanismen auch die spezifischen Limitationen zu ermitteln. Durch systematische Untersuchungen von chemischen und strukturellen Variationen werden so Korrelationen zwischen der Zusammensetzung in dotierten Spinellen sowie kristallographischer Details und dem elektrochemischen Verhalten aufgeklärt und so eine gezielte Optimierung ermöglicht.
The qualitative and quantitative phase analyses were performed in the KTB field laboratory by x-ray powder diffraction using SIEMENS D 500 diffractometer. During early stages of the KTB project a new method for quantitative phase analysis was developed (see references below). The method is based on the comparison of the diffraction spectrum of the unknown sample with those of pure minerals. The powder diffraction data of the minerals are stored in a database built up of 250 natural minerals separated from various types of igneous and metamorphic rocks. The complete analyses (radiation: Cu K alpha, lambda: 1,5405Å, stepwidth: 0,01°, counting time 2 sec/step, angle 2-80°) was carried out automatically including computations. The results of this quantitative phase analysis were used e.g. to check thin section petrography (and vice versa) and to construct a \"mineralogical rock composition log\".
The qualitative and quantitative phase analyses were performed in the KTB field laboratory by x-ray powder diffraction using SIEMENS D 500 diffractometer. During early stages of the KTB project a new method for quantitative phase analysis was developed (see references below). The method is based on the comparison of the diffraction spectrum of the unknown sample with those of pure minerals. The powder diffraction data of the minerals are stored in a database built up of 250 natural minerals separated from various types of igneous and metamorphic rocks. The complete analyses (radiation: Cu K alpha, lambda: 1,5405Å, stepwidth: 0,01°, counting time 2 sec/step, angle 2-80°) was carried out automatically including computations. The results of this quantitative phase analysis were used e.g. to check thin section petrography (and vice versa) and to construct a \"mineralogical rock composition log\".
The qualitative and quantitative phase analyses were performed in the KTB field laboratory by x-ray powder diffraction using SIEMENS D 500 diffractometer. During early stages of the KTB project a new method for quantitative phase analysis was developed (see references below). The method is based on the comparison of the diffraction spectrum of the unknown sample with those of pure minerals. The powder diffraction data of the minerals are stored in a database built up of 250 natural minerals separated from various types of igneous and metamorphic rocks. The complete analyses (radiation: Cu K alpha, lambda: 1,5405Å, stepwidth: 0,01°, counting time 2 sec/step, angle 2-80°) was carried out automatically including computations. The results of this quantitative phase analysis were used e.g. to check thin section petrography (and vice versa) and to construct a \"mineralogical rock composition log\".
The qualitative and quantitative phase analyses were performed in the KTB field laboratory by x-ray powder diffraction using SIEMENS D 500 diffractometer. During early stages of the KTB project a new method for quantitative phase analysis was developed (see references below). The method is based on the comparison of the diffraction spectrum of the unknown sample with those of pure minerals. The powder diffraction data of the minerals are stored in a database built up of 250 natural minerals separated from various types of igneous and metamorphic rocks. The complete analyses (radiation: Cu K alpha, lambda: 1,5405Å, stepwidth: 0,01°, counting time 2 sec/step, angle 2-80°) was carried out automatically including computations. The results of this quantitative phase analysis were used e.g. to check thin section petrography (and vice versa) and to construct a \"mineralogical rock composition log\".
The qualitative and quantitative phase analyses were performed in the KTB field laboratory by x-ray powder diffraction using SIEMENS D 500 diffractometer. During early stages of the KTB project a new method for quantitative phase analysis was developed (see references below). The method is based on the comparison of the diffraction spectrum of the unknown sample with those of pure minerals. The powder diffraction data of the minerals are stored in a database built up of 250 natural minerals separated from various types of igneous and metamorphic rocks. The complete analyses (radiation: Cu K alpha, lambda: 1,5405Å, stepwidth: 0,01°, counting time 2 sec/step, angle 2-80°) was carried out automatically including computations. The results of this quantitative phase analysis were used e.g. to check thin section petrography (and vice versa) and to construct a \"mineralogical rock composition log\".
The qualitative and quantitative phase analyses were performed in the KTB field laboratory by x-ray powder diffraction using SIEMENS D 500 diffractometer. During early stages of the KTB project a new method for quantitative phase analysis was developed (see references below). The method is based on the comparison of the diffraction spectrum of the unknown sample with those of pure minerals. The powder diffraction data of the minerals are stored in a database built up of 250 natural minerals separated from various types of igneous and metamorphic rocks. The complete analyses (radiation: Cu K alpha, lambda: 1,5405Å, stepwidth: 0,01°, counting time 2 sec/step, angle 2-80°) was carried out automatically including computations. The results of this quantitative phase analysis were used e.g. to check thin section petrography (and vice versa) and to construct a \"mineralogical rock composition log\".
The qualitative and quantitative phase analyses were performed in the KTB field laboratory by x-ray powder diffraction using SIEMENS D 500 diffractometer. During early stages of the KTB project a new method for quantitative phase analysis was developed (see references below). The method is based on the comparison of the diffraction spectrum of the unknown sample with those of pure minerals. The powder diffraction data of the minerals are stored in a database built up of 250 natural minerals separated from various types of igneous and metamorphic rocks. The complete analyses (radiation: Cu K alpha, lambda: 1,5405Å, stepwidth: 0,01°, counting time 2 sec/step, angle 2-80°) was carried out automatically including computations. The results of this quantitative phase analysis were used e.g. to check thin section petrography (and vice versa) and to construct a \"mineralogical rock composition log\".
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