Other language confidence: 0.9258606541267423
This dataset includes raw data used in the paper by Reitano et al. (2020), focused on the effect of different analogue materials on the mechanical and erosional properties of some defined samples. The samples are mixes of three different analogue materials in various proportions. The experiments have been carried out at Laboratory of Experimental Tectonics (LET), University “Roma Tre” (Rome). Detailed descriptions of the experimental apparatus and experimental procedures implemented can be found in the paper to which this dataset refers. We used the MATLAB toolbox “TopoToolbox” (Schwanghart and Scherler, 2014). Here we present: - Pictures recording the evolution of the models. - Laser scans used for further analysis. - Scripts created ad hoc by the authors and used for analyzing and plotting the data. A detailed methodological description can be found in the associated "2020-021_Reitano-et-al_Dataset decription" pdf file.
This dataset provides results from rheological tests of glucose syrup from two suppliers tested within the EPOS Multi-scale Laboratories (MSL) trans-national access (TNA) program 2019 at the Laboratory of Experimental Tectonics (LET), Univ. Roma TRE, Italy. Syrups Glucowheat 45/81 (GW45) and Glucowheat 60/79 (GW60) are produced by Blattmann Schweiz AG, Switzerland (2019 batch). Syrups GlucoSweet 44 (GS44) and GlucoSweet 62 (GS62) are produced by ADEA (Amidi Destrini ed Affini), Italy (2019 batch) . The four tested glucose syrups are labeled according to their DE value (dextrose equivalent value). For tested products from Blattmann Schweiz AG, the second number refers to the weight percentage of dry substance. Glucose syrup GS44 is used in full lithospheric scale analogue experiments at the Tectonic Modelling Lab (TecLab) at the University of Bern, Switzerland as a low-viscosity material simulating the asthenospheric mantle lithosphere to provide isostatic equilibration. The materials have been analyzed using a MCR301 Rheometer (Anton Paar) equipped with parallel plates geometry and rotational regime . To prevent the evaporation of the samples during the measurements, an external water-lock device has been used.
This data set includes overviews depicting the surface evolution (time-lapse photography, topography analysis, digital image correlation [DIC] analysis), as well as and progressive physical cross-section analysis of 18 laboratory experiments (analogue models) testing the influence of rheologically weak layers (i.e. layers with [a component of] viscous behaviour) and basal fault kinematics on deformation in the weak layer’s overburden. This model set-up was inspired by the geological situation in the Swiss Alpine Foreland. All experiments were performed at the Tectonic Modelling Laboratory of the University of Bern (UB). Detailed descriptions of the model set-up preparation and results, as well as the monitoring techniques can be found in Zwaan et al. (in review).
This data publication includes the paleomagnetic and rock magnetic dataset from two Calypso giant piston cores collected at the crest of the Bellsund (GS191-01PC) and Isfjorden (GS191-02PC) sediment drifts during the Eurofleets-2 PREPARED cruise, on board the R/V G.O. Sars (Lucchi et al., 2014). These sediments drift are located on the eastern side of the Fram Strait (western Spitsbergen margin).The dataset gave the opportunity to define the behavior of past geomagnetic field at high latitude and to constrain the palaeoclimatic events that occurred in a time framework spanning Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 to Holocene (Caricchi et al., in press). The data are provided as raw data in .dat format and interpreted data in .xlx and tab-delimited text formats. The raw data files can be opened using a text-editor, MS Excel or equivalent software. The interpreted data are presented as a metadata table with definitions of the column heads and 5 individual tables with the content: - Metadata: definition of columns heads - Rock Magnetic-Paleomag Data 01: down-core variation of rock magnetic and paleomagnetic parameters [k (10E-05 SI); ARM (A/m); ARM/k (A/m); MDF (mT); ΔGRM/ΔNRM; NRM (A/m); MAD (°); Incl PCA (°); Decl PCA (°)] for Core GS191-01PC - Rock Magnetic-Paleomag Data 02: down core variation of rock magnetic and paleomagnetic data [k (10E-05 SI); ARM (A/m); ARM/k (A/m); MDF (mT); ΔGRM/ΔNRM; NRM (A/m); MAD (°); Incl PCA (°) Decl PCA (°)] for Core GS191-02PC - Cores Correlation: Depth of Core GS191-02PC and depth of Core GS191-02PC correlated to Core GS191-01PC, NRM (A/m); ARM(A/m) and RPI down-core variations for core GS191-02PC; Depth of Core GS191-01PC NRM (A/m); ARM(A/m) and RPI down-core variations for core GS191-01PC; tie points values. - Age Model 01: age model for Core GS191-01PC - Age Model 02: age model for Core GS191-01PC
Phyllosilicate-bearing faults are characterized by an anastomosing foliation with intervening hard clasts and are believed to be long-term weak structures. Here, I present results of sliding experiments on gouges of 80 wt% quartz and 20 wt% muscovite, sheared under hydrothermal conditions at constant velocity. The results show that significant strengthening occurs over a narrow range of sliding velocities (0.03-1* m-6/s). At the lowest velocity investigated, weakness is achieved after a considerable sliding distance of over 20 mm with friction reaching a value of 0.3. Microstructural observations and the application of existing models point to the operation of frictional-viscous flow (FVF), through the serial operation of frictional sliding over a weak foliation and pressure solution of intervening clasts, resulting in low frictional strength and pronounced velocity-strengthening. At higher velocities, grain size reduction becomes dominant in a localized zone, which results in disruption of the foliation and the cessation of the FVF mechanism. In natural settings, earthquakes originating elsewhere on the fault would be rapidly arrested when encountering a foliated part of the fault deforming via FVF. Furthermore, pulses of elevated slip velocity would lead to grain size reduction which would destroy the foliation and cause a long-term strengthening of the fault.
This data set provides two series of experiments from ring-shear tests (RST) on glass beads that are in use at the Helmholtz Laboratory for Tectonic Modelling (HelTec) at the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam. The main experimental series contains shear experiments to analyse the slip behaviour of the granular material under analogue experiment conditions. Additionally, a series of slide-hold-slide (SHS) tests was used to determine the rate and state friction properties. A basic characterisation and average friction coefficients of the glass beads are found in Pohlenz et al. (2020). The glass beads show a slip behaviour that is depending on loading rate, normal stress and apparatus stiffness which were varied systematically for this study. The apparatus was modified with springs resulting in 4 different stiffnesses. For each stiffness a set of 4 experiments with different normal stresses (5, 10, 15 and 20 kPa) were performed. During each experiment loading rate was decreased from 0.02 to 0.0008 mm/s resulting in 9 subsets of constant velocity for each experiment. We observe a large variety of slip modes that ranges from pure stick-slip to steady state creep. The main characteristics of these slip modes are the slip velocity and the ratio of slip event duration compared to no slip phases. We find that high loading rates promote stable slip, while low loading rates lead to stick-slip cycles. Lowering the normal stress leads to a larger amount of creep which changes the overall shape of a stick-slip curve and extends the time between slip events. Changing stiffness leads to an overall change in slip behaviour switching from simple stick-slip to more complex patterns of slip modes including oscillations and bimodal slip events with large and small events. The SHS tests were done at maximum stiffness and higher loading rates (>0.05 mm/s) but at the same normal stress intervals as the main series. Using various techniques, we estimate the rate-and-state constitutive parameters. The peak stress after a certain amount of holding increases with a healing rate of b=0.0057±0.0005. From the increase in peak stress compared to the loading rate in slide-hold-slide tests we compute a direct effect a=-0.0076±0.0005 which leads to (a-b)=-0.0130±0.0006. Using a specific subset of the SHS tests, which have an equal ratio of hold time to reloading rate, we estimate (a-b)=-0.0087±0.0029. Both approaches show that the material is velocity weakening with a reduction in friction of 1.30 to 0.87 % per e-fold increase in loading rate. Additionally, the critical slip distance Dc is estimated to be in the range of 200 µm. With these parameters the theoretical critical stiffness kc is estimated and applied to the slip modes found in the main series. We find that the changes in slip mode are in good agreement with the estimated critical stiffness and thus confirm the findings from the SHS tests.
The data set contains stress-strain data of Carrara marble experimentally deformed in triaxial compression at temperatures of 20 – 800°C, confining pressures of 30 – 300 MPa, and strain rates between 10-3 and 10-6 s-1. This range covers conditions, at witch marble deforms in the semi-brittle regime, i.e., strength depends on all parameters, but with different sensitivity. Semi-brittle deformation behavior is expected to be important in the mid continental crust. The experiments were conducted in the Experimental Rock Deformation Laboratory of the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam, Germany. The data are separated into 91 individual ASCII files, one for each sample. The corresponding temperature, pressure and strain rate conditions are listed in Tab. 1. of the data description and in the associated work by Rybacki et al. (submitted).
This data set includes the results of digital image correlation analysis applied to analogue modelling experiments (Table 1) on the effect of weakness during distributed crustal extension performed at the Helmholtz Laboratory for Tectonic Modelling (HelTec) of the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam. Ten generic analogue models made of a layer of Quartz sand (G12, Rosenau et al., 2018) including a weak silicone oil “seed” (PDMS G30M, Rudolf et al., 2016) to localize deformation have been extended on top of a basal foam block. A benchmark experiment (basal foam only) and a reference model (layer of sand without seed) are also reported. Detailed descriptions of the experiments can be found in Osagiede et al. (2021) to which this data set is supplement. The models have been monitored by means of digital image correlation (DIC) analysis (Adam et al., 2005). DIC analysis yields quantitative information about model surface deformation in 2D and 3D. The data presented here are visualized as finite strain and displacement maps as well as cumulative strain and displacement profiles.
This data set includes videos depicting the surface evolution (time laps photographs and Particle Image Velocimetry or PIV analsys) of 15 analogue models on rift tectonics, as well as 4D CT imagery (figures and videos) from four of these experiments. The experiments examined the influence of differently oriented mantle and crustal weaknesses on rift system development using a brittle-viscous set-up. All experiments were performed at the Tectonic Modelling Laboratory of the University of Bern (UB). Detailed descriptions of the experiments and monitoring techniques can be found in Zwaan et al. (2021).
This dataset includes images depicting the evolution in map view and lateral view of 7 analogue experiments of subduction to better understand the interplays between slab pull and mantle flow at subduction zones. The experiments are performed under a natural gravity field and are designed to understand the influence of plate width and magnitude and direction of mantle flow on slab geometry, trench kinematics and shape, and superficial mantle deformation around the subduction zone. All experiments were performed at the Laboratory of Experimental Tectonics at the Università Roma Tre (Italy). The laboratory models consist of one viscous layer of silicone putty representing the subducting lithosphere resting on top of a tank filled with glucose syrup, representing the convective mantle. We impose a horizontal flow in the convective mantle by pushing at a constant velocity a piston in the glucose syrup below an intermediate horizontal plate representing the upper mantle-lower mantle discontinuity. The pictures show the time evolution of each experiment from the top (« top » folder) and lateral position (« lateral » folder) and were taken synchronously every 30 seconds, and downsampled to 5 minutes in this dataset. The entire set of pictures are available from the authors upon request. Model F14 is the reference model, without imposed mantle flow and with a slab width of 2000. Models F15 and F16 are models with 660 km and 4000 km, respectively. They allow us analyzing the effect of slab width in the absence of a background flow. Models F17 and F20 are models with slab width of 2000 km and a background flow coming from above the slab at velocities of 0.9 and 1.8 mm/min in the lab (corresponding to 0.9 and 2 cm/yr once scaled to nature), respectively. Models F24 and F26 are models with slab width of 2000 km and a background flow coming from below the slab at velocities of 0.9 and 1.8 mm/min in the lab (corresponding to 1.2 and 2.7 cm/yr once scaled to nature), respectively. For details on the experimental set-up, monitoring techniques and interpretation of the results, please refer to Guillaume et al. (2021) to which these data are supplementary material.
| Organisation | Count |
|---|---|
| Wissenschaft | 24 |
| Type | Count |
|---|---|
| unbekannt | 24 |
| License | Count |
|---|---|
| Offen | 24 |
| Language | Count |
|---|---|
| Englisch | 24 |
| Resource type | Count |
|---|---|
| Keine | 24 |
| Topic | Count |
|---|---|
| Boden | 14 |
| Lebewesen und Lebensräume | 12 |
| Luft | 1 |
| Mensch und Umwelt | 24 |
| Wasser | 10 |
| Weitere | 24 |