Umweltfreundlich und ohne eigenes Auto mobil zu sein: das ist in ländlichen Räumen oftmals besonders schwierig. Die Gründe dafür liegen im demographischen Wandel, in knappen öffentlichen Kassen und in einer unzureichenden Zusammenarbeit relevanter Institutionen. Das Interreg-Projekt Peripheral Access - 'Transnational cooperation and partnership for better public transport in peripheral and cross-border regions' - will daher die Mobilität in ländlichen Räumen, im Hinterland von Ballungsräumen und in Grenzregionen verbessern. Es sollen mehr Menschen davon überzeugt werden, ihr Auto stehen zu lassen und den öffentlichen Nahverkehr zu nutzen. Um das zu erreichen, setzt das Projekt auf neue Mobilitätsstrategien. So zum Beispiel auf Busse, die auch Fahrräder befördern, oder auf Rufbusse, die die Passagiere per Smartphone bestellen können.
LCA approaches are part of the broader field of sustainability assessment often connected to different disciplines. To increase the efficacy of sustainability decision making, LCA is to take into account broader externalities, broader interrelations and different application/user needs with often conflicting requirements (dynamic models; integration of environmental, economic, and social aspects; accessibility and user friendliness, etc). Roughly, development should be oriented to: - 'deepening', to improve reliability and usability by more adequately incorporating empirical mechanisms - 'broadening', to improve the significance, by expanding the scope of sustainability impacts and better linking to neighbouring models - 'leaping forward' by a revision/enrichment of foundations, through the crossing with other disciplines for sustainability evaluation. CALCAS develops analysis and development along two lines: 1 science framework; 2 user needs (Industry, Research organisations, Government, Consumers, NGOs); the results, are crossed to draw up mid- long-term research lines and road maps, including measures for implementation. Advanced results will often not be in line with the current ISO14040 series definitions and requirements on LCA, creating a need for reformulation. Partnership combines LCA 'producers' and 'users' and involves, with different responsibilities, a significant and highly qualified part of European scientists. Thus, the project promotes the networking both 'cross', among the scientific sectors, and 'vertical' between them and users. Expert working groups, cross-fertilisation workshops, and an open consultation of all scientific sectors and users, based on a Blue Paper combining intermediate proposals are inputs to the final results, both as described models and tools and as research tasks to be accomplished. They also promote dissemination and joint actions for training, knowledge exchanges and common projects. Prime Contractor: Ente per le Nuove Tecnologie, l'Energia elL'Ambiente; Roma; Italy.
Rural areas undergo tremendous ecological, demographic and economic transformations. Some of these transformations are harmful; others offer opportunities for improving livelihoods of farmers. In the Amhara region, Ethiopia, there is high potential for wide spread social, economic and technical transformation that gradually improves lives and livelihoods of farmers. These include technical improvements in agricultural and natural resource management, the realisation of new income opportunities, and thus the transformation from rural worlds with farmers living in poverty and social injustice to a rural society experiencing equality and prosperity. Unfortunately, higher education and research in the Amhara region are not sufficiently responsive to emerging transformation opportunities, one common constraint is widespread among the research institutions in the region: they are short of the essential human and institutional capacities to conceptually and methodologically address rural transformation through knowledge generation, training and communication of research findings that reach deep into rural communities. At the same time, only few experiences, insights and priorities of farmers and rural communities diffuse into the higher education and research system. TRANSACT helps university lecturers and researchers to respond more effectively to transformation opportunities among farmers in complex and risk-prone rural areas. A particular emphasis of this project is placed on learning and human behaviour as well as communication and collective action, especially in connection with society interactions that mediate change. This goes way beyond training conflict management skills and puts capabilities to coach farmers during transformation processes into the foreground. In the Amhara Region, agriculture takes place mostly on small-scale farms with less than one ha. These farms are extremely diverse, and one farm usually incorporates a variety of agricultural practices. Farmers combine crop and livestock production, farm forestry as well as homestead horticulture and provide ecosystem services such as soil and water conservation measures. Given the high variability of agro-ecological zones, risks, and resource constraints that rural households face, there is a need for research and development interventions that take into account household assets and the great diversity of conditions they are facing. This calls for multidisciplinary and multi-stakeholder partnerships that help understanding diversified farmers priority constraints in the areas of livestock, crop, natural resource, socio-economic, so as to contribute and impact to the broader goals of sustainable resource use, food security and competitiveness of farming enterprises.
Objective: The strategic objective of the proposed project is to remove the knowledge barriers against the installation of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems and the creation of mini-grids based on renewables. Ultimate objective of the project is to develop, combine, install, test and assess (technically and socially) the performance of low-cost pilot hybrid Renewable Energy (RE) systems in remote areas of the Mediterranean, which are not yet grid-connected. The hybrid systems will be consisted of photovoltaics, small wind generators, hydrogen subsystems and they will be installed in selected areas of the MPC countries to set-up and provide energy and associated services thus aid to the increase of the standard of living of these rural communities. The systems will be configured and sized after taking into account the local conditions. Three hybrid systems will be installed in remote rural areas of Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia. The systems should fulfil criteria as modularity, robustness, and simplicity in use and also require very low maintenance. Additional considerations for the technologies selection and implementation regard the possibility of systems standardisation and replication. Furthermore, the local installations will serve as good practice, accelerate local skill development, and promote and encourage international partnerships amongst all relevant stakeholders, such as research, financial, and regulatory institutions, industry and service companies, in particular SMEs, local representatives and social players. By setting-up the afore mentioned three pilot installations in three MPC the proposed research will bring a significant contribution for creating sustainable structures with a decent living quality in the rural environments of the MPC by developing highly innovative hybrid RE installations based on the availability of local renewable energy sources and the local social conditions and needs.
OPTIBIOCAT is a 48 months project aimed at developing biocatalysts based on feruloyl esterases (FAEs) and glucuronoyl esterases (GEs) for production of phenolic fatty- and sugar- esters with antioxidant activity for cosmetic industry, expanding the number/type of industrial biotransformations. Selected FAEs and GEs available within the consortium will be improved for their thermo- and solvent- resistance and substrate specificity by site-directed mutagenesis and directed evolution. Novel enzymes will be discovered by mining for new genes from available genomes. An inventory of novel FAEs and GEs will be developed including 50 fungal and 500 bacterial esterases, 25 site-directed and 20 directed evolved mutants. Enzymatic performances will be optimized to enhance the yield (up to the theoretical yield of 100%) and productivity (up to 0.5-1 g/l/h) of reactions giving the main targeted antioxidants: butyl ferulate, p-coumarate, caffeate, sinapate and 5-O-(trans-feruloyl)-arabinofuranose (using FAEs), glucuronate and benzyl glucuronate (using GEs). FAEs and GEs will be also tested for production of other compounds with improved biological activity and properties of hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity for cosmetic applications. Cost-effective methods will be developed for production of the new biocatalysts, in the g/L scale, and for their technical application to produce antioxidants for cosmetic industry, up to 20L. Enzyme immobilization will increase their recyclability up to ten cycles. The ability of the developed catalysts to work in conditions miming the industrial ones with reduced use of solvents and lower temperature than the chemical routes will be demonstrated. The techno-economic viability and environmental friendliness will be assessed considering a full industrial scale scenario. OPTIBIOCAT involves a highly skilled and multidisciplinary partnership of 16 partners from 8 EU countries, and it is a strongly industry driven project through the participation of 8 SMEs and 1 large company.
Aktuell: Das Projekt zum Mittelmeersolaratlas wird bis 2014 mit neuen Inhalten verlängert. Die Schwerpunkte der Verlängerung sind erweiterte Trainingsmaßnahmen und die Einbindung von dynamischen sozioökonomischen Länderprofilen. Für die Trainingsmaßnahmen konnte die Renewables Academy aus Berlin als Partner gewonnen werden, die reichhaltige Erfahrungen im MENA-Raum haben. Die dynamischen sozio-ökonomischen Länderpro-file sollen über Linked-Open-Data zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Hier konnte REEEP (Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Partnership), einer der treibenden Kräfte hinter Linked-Open-Data als Partner gewonnen werden. Hintergrund: Wo auf der Erde ist die Sonneneinstrahlung am stärksten? Welche Länder können zuverlässig auf Solarenergie setzen? Mit dem Solar-Atlas für den Mittelmeerraum erstellt das DLR gemeinsam mit seinen internationalen Projektpartnern umfangreiches Kartenmaterial, das auf Basis von Satelliten- und Erdbeobachtungsdaten verlässlich Auskunft über das Potenzial der Sonnenenergie an einem bestimmten Ort gibt. Für die Investition in Solarkraftwerke soll der Solar-Atlas ab 2012 eine wichtige Entscheidungsgrundlage liefern. Der Solar-Atlas wird in den nächsten zwei Jahren auf Basis von hoch aufgelösten, bis auf einen Kilometer Entfernung genauen, Satelliten- und Erdbeobachtungsdaten der Solarstrahlungsressourcen im Mittelmeerraum erarbeitet und mit bestehenden Bodenmessungen der Region kombiniert. Zum Einsatz kommen unter anderem die Rohdaten der europäischen geostationären Wettersatelliten Meteosat, die das DLR mit Unterstützung des Bundesumweltministeriums in einem Langzeitarchiv dokumentiert hat. Sie werden über einen Zeitraum von mindestens 15 Jahren ausgewertet. Die Fertigstellung der Datenbank ist für das Jahr 2012 geplant. Dann soll ein einfacher Zugriff auf die Daten über ein interaktives Webportal möglich sein und den Investoren in der Zielregion eine wichtige Hilfestellung leisten.
NANOINSULATE will develop durable, robust, cost-effective opaque and transparent vacuum insulation panels (VIPs) incorporating new nanotechnology-based core materials (nanofoams, aerogels, aerogel composites) and high-barrier films that are up to four times more energy efficient than current solutions. These new systems will provide product lifetimes in excess of 50 years suitable for a variety of new-build and retrofit building applications. Initial building simulations based on the anticipated final properties of the VIPs indicate reductions in heating demand of up to 74Prozent and CO2 emissions of up to 46Prozent for Madrid, Spain and up to 61Prozent and 55Prozent respectively for Stuttgart, Germany for a building renovation which reduces the U-value of the walls and roof from 2.0 W m-2 K-1 to 0.2 W m-2 K-1. This reduction could be achieved with NANOINSULATE products that are only 25 mm thick, giving a cost-effective renovation without the need of changing all the reveals and ledges. Similarly, significant reductions in U-values of transparent VIPs (3 W m-2 K-1 to 0.5 W m-2 K-1) are shown by substituting double glazed units in existing building stock. Six industrial & four research based partners from seven EU countries will come together to engineer novel solutions capable of being mass produced. Target final manufacturing costs for insulation board (production rates above 5 million m2/year) are less than 7 m-2 for a U-value of 0.2 W m-2 K-1. NANOINSULATE will demonstrate its developments at construction sites across Europe. A Lifecycle Assessment, together with a safety and service-life costing analysis, will be undertaken to prove economic viability. NANOINSULATE demonstrates strong relevance to the objectives and expected impacts of both the specific call text of the Public-Private Partnership Energy-efficient Buildings topic New nanotechnology-based high performance insulation systems for energy efficiency within the 2010 NMP Work Programme and the wider NMP & Energy Thematic Priorities. Prime Contractor: Kingsplan Research and Developments Ltd.; Kingscourt; Irland.
Ziel des Projektes GreenPAD ist die Entwicklung, Erprobung und der Transfer eines energieoptimalen IKT-Infrastrukturmodells für regionale Wirtschafts- und Wissenschaftscluster, die in diesem Projekt durch Unternehmen des Technologieparks Paderborn und durch die Universität Paderborn repräsentiert werden. Diese Wirtschafts- und Wissenschaftscluster bündeln die IKT-Infrastruktur des regionalen Raums zu einem gemeinsam genutzten Rechen- und Serverzentrumsbetrieb (RZ) und reduzieren so den gesamten Energiebedarf für IKT dieses Raums. Das angestrebte Organisationskonzept ist eine Private-Public-Partnership, die den gesamten Wertschöpfungsprozess eines RZ-Betriebs abdeckt. Die Optimierung beginnt mit der Beschaffung regenerativen und regional erzeugten Stroms (Smart Grid) und der Verwendung von neusten, energieeffizienten Hardwarekomponenten. In der Leistungsproduktion erfolgt die Optimierung durch Standardisierung, Konsolidierung und Virtualisierung der IT-Infrastruktur sowie durch eine laufende Überwachung mittels eines 'grünen Leitstands'. Die Verbrauchsoptimierung auf der Anwenderseite wird durch die Bereitstellung attraktiver Cloud Computing-Angebote erzeugt, die Anreize für eine Migration aus dezentralen Strukturen liefern und energiesparendes Verhalten honorieren. Angestrebt wird eine Energieersparnis von bis zu 40 Prozent im Vergleich zu den aktuell dezentral betriebenen IT-Infrastrukturen. Der technische und organisatorische Funktionsdemonstrator am Ende des Projektes wird im innovativen Kern somit aus drei eng verzahnten Komponenten bestehen. Die Energieeffizienz des Rechenzentrumsbetriebs wird, wie im Förderwettbewerb gefordert, durch die Ausnutzung der Potenziale über die gesamte Wertschöpfungskette erzielt. Ausgehend von dem Bedarf und der Bereitstellung von IT-Infrastrukturdiensten für Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft und Verwaltung, werden rückwärtsgerichtet alle Schritte der Serviceproduktion im Rechenzentrum auf Energieoptimierung ausgerichtet. In Verbindung mit dem Smart Grid Ansatz wird nicht nur weniger Energie verbraucht, sondern auch die 'ökologisch richtige Energie' genutzt, nämlich möglichst regional erzeugte, regenerative Energie. Wichtige Bedingung für diese erfolgreiche Kombination ist die dritte Komponente: die regional zentralisierte, idealerweise in einer Private-Public-Partnership organisierte, IT-Unterstützung von Wirtschafts- und Wissenschaftsclustern. Ein so konsequent auf ein Optimum ausgerichtetes Effizienzkonzept ist auch im internationalen Vergleich in dieser Form noch nicht umgesetzt worden.
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